Miscellaneous papers apparently comprising drafts of or notes for the Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended.

Vols.II and III. Miscellaneous papers on chronology arranged in no particular order, unless otherwise stated in the proper place.

Mention has already been made of a previous attempt by the Ekins at clarification regarding many of the papers as correspondence, but as Newton used it - old correspondence are of used scrap-paper for his notes.

The following list of letters thus extracted is preserved as some guide to the letters which may be found among the papers.

Letter from Sir Isaac concerning weights kept at the Mint, dated Aug. 14. 1712. ætat. 70.

Letter from Sir Isaac to the Lords Commissioners of his Majesty's Treasury dated in his office Iune 26. 1722._{ætat. 80.}

Letter to Sir Isaac Newton with calculations & remarks written on the back

Letter from Calverley Pinkney dated Sept.5 - 1719. _{ætat. 77.}

Letter from M. Pilkington of thanks for money received dated Oct.30. 1712 ætat. 80.

Letter from Augustus Tampynn dated April 3d. 1723. ætat 81.

Letter from Newton Chapman dated Oct. 23. 1725 _{ætat. 83.}

Letter from J. Bayner - Jan. 21. 1722/ _{ætat. 80.}

Letter from H. Smithson - May 26. 1717. _{ætat. 75.}

Letter from Richard Hindon - June 9. 1725. _{ætat. 89.}

– From H. Jackson with astronomical calculations on the back dated June 8. 1726. ætat. 84.

– From Littleton Powys - dated Dec. 14. 1721. _{ætat. 79.}

Letter from Cha. Kewson with Grecian Chronology on the back - dated Dec. 31. 1723 –

A receipt for money received from Sir Isaac      dated 1722.

Letter from Iohn Corkor - June 21. 1717.

Letter from Amb. Warren with mathematical calculations in Latin - Dec. 19. 1721.

Reverend J. Ekins Mor{fe}th

Loose papers relating to the Chronology which d{illeg} follow m{illeg} of them with C{illeg}ly – In one there is a computation {illeg}the reigns in England for w{illeg} he reckons - Cromwell's o{illeg} Examined by J C –May - 1729

Loose papers relating to the Astronomical proofs of the Chronology Examined - May 1729

– through the middle of those constellations

For Hipparchus tells us that Eudoxus drew the Colure of the Solstices through the middle of the great Bear & the middle of Cancer & the neck of Hydrus, & the star between the Poop & Mast of Argo & the tail of the south fish & through the middle of Capricorn & of Sagitta & through the neck & right wing of the Swan & left hand of Cepheus – – – & within 9'.50'' of the third. To make it pass as near as can be in the middle of these three stars, it should cut the Ecliptic in ♌ 5. 45.37, & ♒ 5. 54. 37. And if it be drawn in the middle between the two places ♌ 5. 50. 36 & ♌ 5. 54. 37 it will cut the Ecliptic in ♌ 5. 52. 36 & ♒ 5. 52. 36. This Colure passes also through the middle of the great Bear – – – – described by Eudoxus.

The back of Aries through which the Equinoxical Colure should pass is a star of the sixt magnitude marked η by Bayer. Its longitude in the end of the year 1660 was ♉ 9°.22'. 57'' & north latitude 6°.7'. 20''. And the colure drawn through this star to the Ecliptick in an Angle of 66^gr 30' the complement of the angle in which the Ecliptick cuts the Equator did then cut the Ecliptic in ♉ 6. 41. 34.

The back of Aries through which the Equinoctial Colure should pass is a star of the sixt magnitude marked η by Bayer Its longitude in the beginning of the year 1690 was ♉ 9^gr.48'.35'' & north Latitude 6^gr. 7'. 56''. And the Colure drawn through this star to the Ecliptic in an Angle of 66^gr. 30' (the complement of the angle in which the Ecliptic cuts the Equator) did then cut the Ecliptic in ♉ 7^gr. 7'. 55''. So then the Æquinox between the Argonautic expedition & the beginning of the year 1690 moved backwards 37^gr 7'. 55'' which after the rate of 72 years to a degree produces an interval of 2673 years which counted backwars from the end of the year 1689 places the Argonautick expedition in the 36^th year of Solomons reign.

To Collonel Armstrong surveyor of the Ordnance
at his house in the Tower of London.

S^r The other day, I signed a Letter to you without duly considering it being sick at Kensington. I hope in a few days to be well enough to come abroad & as soon as I am able I intend to wait upon you at your house & explain the Letter with the business it concerns. I am

Chap. I

The ancient luni-solar year, & the reduction of it to the solar year by the Egyptians. The Asterisms & ancient sphere of the Greeks formed by Chiron & Musæus for the Argonauts, The places of the Equinoxes & Solstices in that sphere at the time of that expedition, & of The time of that expedition collected from thence. The time when the Egyptian solar year began at the vernal Equinox. The age of Memnon & the Trojan war collected from thence The uncertainty of the chronology of the ancient Greeks & the general error upon which is was founded videlicet by taking the reigns of kings for generations. Kings reign one with another about 18 or 20 years a piece, & according to this recconing the return of the Heraclides into Peloponnesus was about 180 years before the end of the first Messenian war, & by consequence the taking of Troy was about 75 years & the Argonautic expedition about 44 years after the death of Solomon as was above stated by the Astronomy. The beginning of the Olympiads, & the ages of Iphitus, Lycurgus the legislator, Phidon Caranus & some others.

Chap. II.

Of the affairs of Greece contemporary to those mentioned in scripture. That Sesostris invaded Thrace one generation before the Argonautic expedition & was Sesac. The Edomites being vanquished by David fled some of them with their young king Hadad into Egypt, others to the Philistims the enemies of David, & others to Chaldea & other places, & carried with them letters, & their skill in building of ships & navigating by the stars which they had learnt upon the red sea. These fugitives assisted the Philistims in fortifying Azot & building of ships upon the Mediterranean, & taking of Zidon. The Zidonians when their city was taken fled some to Tyre under Abibalus the father of Hiram & others to Aradus Arvad or Arpad & others to other hævens in Asia minor Greece & Libya under the conduct of Cadmus, Cilix, Thasus, Membliarius Atymnus & other captains. The Tyrians being friends to David traded upon the red sea with Solomon & the kings of Iudah by assistance of the fugitive Edomites untill the reign of Iehoram the successor of Iehosaphat & then upon the revolting of the Edomites from Iudah, being driven from the red sea, built ships upon the mediterranean & began long voyages upon that sea to places not yet frequented by the Zidonians, such as were Carteia Gades Tartessus & celebrated their first Admiral by the name of the Tyrian Hercules. This retiring of the Tyrians from the red sea (together with the flight of the Edomites from David) gave occasion to the tradition of the Phenicians & Persians mentioned by Herodotus, videlicet that the Phenicians came originally from the red sea & presently undertook long voiages.

Chap. III

Of the ancient affairs of the Greeks contemporary to those already described, & of the state of Greece before the coming of Cadmus & Europa from Sidon.

Chap. III.

The ancient affairs of the Greeks between the return of the Heraclides & the Empire of Persia & particularly the beginning of the Olympiads, the kingdome of Corinth & the ages of Iphitus, Lycurgus the Legislator, Phidon Caranus Alcmæon, Clisthenes Draco, Solon, Pisistratus.

855. 42,75, And the first twenty kings of Sicyon about 855 years which is above 42 years a piece | 529 (44. The first twelve kings of Sicyon 529 years which is 44 years a piece. amount to 140 years. Count backwards therefore 140 years from the invasion of Greece by Xerxes to the end of the first Messenian war, & 190 years more to the return of the Heraclides into Peloponesus & that return will be 330 years before the sixt year of Xerxes that is 34 years before the first Olympiad. – & this return will be about 298 years before the death of Cyrus – by consequence about 51 years before the first Olympiad. But the followers of Timæus – – – of the Greeks. Damaus was also called Armais & Armais was the brother of Sethosis.

The upper & lower Ægypt were never united into one kingdom before the expulsion of the shepherds. For they

The shepherds reigned only over the lower part of Egypt & until their expulsion the upper part of Egypt was under other kings & Manetho places their expulsion but a little before the building of the Temple, saying that that they went from Egypt into Iudea & built Ierusalem & the Temple. And before their expulsion there is no roome for any Sesostris who might reign over all Egypt Libya & Troglodytica & come out thence with a great army to invade the nations.

While Egypt was divided into several kingdoms & the shepherds reigned in the lower part thereof there was no room for any such great king of Egypt as Sesostris; & Manetho places the expulsion of the shepherds just before the reign of David & Solo. saying that they went out of Egypt into Iudea & built Ierusalem & the temple: & no historian makes Sesostris later than Sesac. And therefore they are one & the same king of Egypt. This is no new opinion.

No historian make Sesostris later then Sesac.

While Egypt co

The shepherds reigned long in the lower part of Egypt & were expelled thence just before the building of Ierusalem & the Temple according to Manetho; & while Egypt was divided into several kingdoms there was no room for any such great king of Egypt as Sesostris: & no historian makes him later then Sesac. And therefore he was one & the same king of Egypt with Sesac. This is no new opinion – –

His Amazons whom he carried from Thrace & left at the river Thermoodon called him by the same name in calling themselves the daughters of Mars.

Pag. 9. The Europeans had no chronology – – – – And this is the fundamental error of the chronology of the Greeks. p.13. Hence also it may in general be understood that if the durations of the kingdoms of ancient Greece be shortned in the proportion of about four to seven the chronology of the Greeks will be mended thereby.

P.15. The artificial chronologers have made Lycurgus – – – – p.17. before the Olympiads, as above. [P.17 B. Dele, as was determined above by arguments taken from Astronomy. And at the end of this section after the words till the return of the Heraclides add: The taking of Troy I place one generation later then the Argonautic expedition because many sons of the Argonauts were in the Argonautic expedition.] – – – – – death of Solomon as above. p.18.

P.20. The expedition of Sesostris – – – – or 44 years after the death of Solomon. p. 21.

P.1. All nations – – – – – monument above mentioned in memory thereof. p.9.

P.21. Rehoboam was born – – – conformable to it self. p.26.

P.13. The kingdom of Macedon was founded – – – – & therefore not to be admitted. p.15.

P.17. Pausanias represents – – – – – – originally any further p.20.

P.26. When Sesostris – – – – – to the end p.44.

P.17. lin 31 In this interval of – – reign 517 years p.17. lin 49.

P.18. Thucydides tells us that the Corinthians – then the days of Solomon & Rehoboam p.19.

And for this reason the sumptuous temple of Vailean built by Menes at Memphis was not older then the days of Solomon. And such was the temple of Vulcan at Memphis built by Menes

Argos the father of Iasus, Piranthus, Epidaurus & Criasus, was succeeded by Criasus. Iasus was the the father of Agenor the father of Crotopus, the father of Sthenelus, the father of Gelanor Peranthus or Phorbas the father of Triopas the father of Iasus see pag. 22 & 24

Heraclides Ponticus (in Lycurgus) & Plutarch tell us that Lycurgus brought Homers poems out of Asia & published them. Timæus & Apollodorus & say that Lycurgus converst with Homer Cicero that Homer lived in the time of Lycurgus & Strabo that Lycurgus converst with Homer in Chius . [Now Aristotel by an Olympic Discus in which the name of Lycurgus was written gathers that Lycurgus was the companion of Iphitus in restoring the Olympiads & Phlegon & Pausanias writes that Lycurgus Iphitus & Cleosthenes restored the Olympic games. And Callimachus that y 13 first Olympiads of Iphitus were omitted before the vulgar Æra of the Olympiads began: Lycurgus therefore flouris{h}ed about 13 Olympiads or 52 years before the vulgar Æra of the Olympiads began, that is 154 years after the death of Solomon, or about 80 years after the taking of Troy. Which is a competent space of Time for Homer to flourish in & converse with Lycurgus. But if the taking of Troy be made above 260 years older, as in the vulgar account, the interval will be much too great & between Homer & the next Greek Poets there will be above 400 years which is also too great a chasm .] Thucydides saith that there were 400 years & a little above to the end of the Peloponnesian war since the Lacedemonians had continued in the same form of government, that is since the making of their laws by Lycurgus. The last year of that war was an. 1. Olymp. 94. Count backwards 400 years & the Laws of Lycurgus will be made something above 27 years before the vulgar Æra of the Olympiads, that is within less then 178 years after the death of Solomon & within less then 1 108 years after the destruction of Troy.

Collonel Parsons – place. But M^r Le Clerk is a skilful & expeditious Graver, very fit to be received into the Mint., – House. And that M^r Le Clerc be taken into the third place with a salary also of 80^£ p^r an̄ & be allowed two Rooms to lodge & work in over the great Press room & over M^r Crokers shop. And that the salaries of M^r Croker & M^r Bull commence from the death of M^r Harris, but by reason of the charges which the Mint has been at by the dammages done by the great winds last Autumn, we are humbly of opinion that for saving money to defray those charges the salary of M^r Le Clerc do not commence till next Midsummer.

To
Sir Isaac Newton
in Ge^rmane Street
near S^t Iames is Chu^rch
London.

The conquests of Sesostris are described with by authors with some confusion but considering that he had forces by sea & land. he seems to have guided the course of his conquests by the course of the sea, conquering first the regions between Egypt & the red sea then the regions of Afric along the Mediterranean westward as far as the Ocean, then the regions of Ethiopia along the red sea southwardas far as the promontory Mossylites, then the crossing the red sea at Dira he went eastward as far as India conquering Arabia felix & the southern parts of Persia & India as far as Ganges & beyond, & then returning to the Mediterranean he conquered the regions thereof easward & nortward that is Phenicia, &, the regions upon Tigris & Eufrates, & Asia minor, & Thrace & part of Greece.

$\begin{array}{cc}\begin{array}{ll}\phantom{0}937& \mathrm{17\prime \; 40″}\text{ in 100 years.}\\ \underline{1701}\\ 2638& \underline{\phantom{00}1055}\mathrm{20″}(\mathrm{1758\prime .40}\\ & \phantom{0}2638\\ \phantom{00}879333& \phantom{0}18466\\ \mathrm{1758∟666}& \underline{\phantom{00}}\mathrm{1758∟6666}\\ & \mathrm{466\prime ∟046666}\\ & \phantom{0}\mathrm{7°.46\prime .28″}\\ \phantom{0000000000}\text{♋}& \phantom{0}\underline{7.\phantom{\text{°}}44.\phantom{\text{′ }}30}\\ \text{Apog. ☉ in ♊}& \mathrm{29.\; 58.}\phantom{\text{′0.}}2\text{ temp. Exped. Argon}\\ & \overline{)\phantom{000}\mathrm{10.\; 36}}\phantom{0000}\mathrm{11.\; 8.\; 20}\\ \underline{\phantom{0000000000}\text{♋}}& \overline{)\phantom{0.}0.\phantom{0}\mathrm{8.\; 38}}\phantom{0000000.}\mathrm{4.\; 14.}\frac{3}{5}36\\ & \phantom{000000000000000}\underline{\phantom{000}7\phantom{00.}4}\\ & \phantom{000000.}\underline{\text{Decl. }\mathrm{11.\; 13.\; 41.\; 40}}\\ & \phantom{00000000000.}26\phantom{0}\mathrm{56.\; 55.}\\ & \phantom{00000000000000.}\mathrm{11.\; 26.\; 48}\\ & \phantom{0000000000000}\underline{\phantom{0000.}19\phantom{00.}9}\\ & \phantom{000.}\text{Ascen. r. }27.\phantom{00}\mathrm{8.\; 40.\; 57}\end{array}& \begin{array}{l}\phantom{0000}5\left)\mathrm{53\prime }\right(\mathrm{10\prime .\; 36″}\\ \mathrm{1060″}\text{ in 100 years}\\ \underline{\phantom{0}\mathrm{636″}\text{ in 60 years }=\mathrm{10\prime .36″}}\\ \overline{)\phantom{0}\text{♍}\phantom{0}\mathrm{0.\; 47.\; 40.}}\\ \overline{)\phantom{000}\mathrm{29.\; 12.\; 20,}\text{ long.}}\\ \overline{)\phantom{000}27.\phantom{00}\mathrm{8.\; 41.}\text{ Ascen. rect}}\\ \overline{)\phantom{000}\mathrm{11.\; 12.\; 42}\text{ Declin.}}\end{array}\end{array}$

Sir M^r Bull the second ingraver in the Mint is dead & & upon inquiring after another who upon the death of the first engraver M^r Croker, may be fit to succeed him, I can hear of no better artist then M^r Rollos the kings del>engraver of Seales . The place in the mint is 80^£ per an̄ with a house & the prospect of succeeding the principal graver when he dyes. And M^r Rollos is willing to accept of it & to live & work in the Mint. And as he is the fittest person that I can hear of I take the liberty to recommend him to your consideration. I am Yo^e

The D^r acknowledging that the reason why he made so little mention of the Differential method was because he took that method to be the same with mine & did not know the Improvements made to it by M^r Leibnits after I had explained it to him : M^r Leibnitz fully acquiesced in this acknowledgement without making the least complaint against the Doctor for saing that by my Letters in the year 1676 I had explained to him the method which was common to us both & which was found by me ten years before that time or above, that is, in the year 1666 or before. And thus the

And if after such a concession as M^r Leibnitz made in these his Letters now recited, & printed 17 years ago men may be allowed to go back upon any pretence whatever, even printing it self will be no security after witnesses are dead.

MOERIS MOERIS. the first letter M being in some old decayed Manuscript taken for VC VC & an{illeg} Conqueror by the name of Salman. And perhaps Sahma might be the first part of the name of Salmanasser, & Iarib the last part of the name of his successor Sennacherib. But whoever these Princes were it appears not they reigned before Salmanasser. Put seems to be the first
1041 Deucalions flood {1040 Xuthus nuptus Creusæ Erechthei fili ^{Hellen - Æolus - Sisyphus} _{Amphictyon Cranai Socius.}
               Protogenia - Aëthlius - Endymion
                1014 986 960
Endymion & Sisyphus later & Hellen sooner
1060 Samuel dies Deucalion floret. 1039 Hellen regnat. 1040 Amphictyon Crani socius. 1017 Æolus floret. Xuthus nuptus Creusæ. Aethlius floret. 993 Sisyphus 1020 Ætolus Endymionis filius occiso Api in curetidem terram aufugit & suo de nomine Endymion terram. Ætoliam vocavit. Ex Pronoe Phorbi filia Pleuronem & Calydonem genuit a quibus urbes in Ætolia Pleuron & Calydon denominatæ. 1046 Endymion builds the city Elis For reconciling such & Queens & thereby made their antiquities still more perlexing then they had repugnances they have sometimes feigned new kings. So in the kingdom of Crete, of one Minos & one Ariadne his daughter they have made two Minoses & two Ariadnes feigning that Bo{illeg}us loved the first Ariadne & Theseus the other In that of Athens, of one Erectheus & one Pandion his son they have made two, given the name of Erechthonius to the first Erechtheus so called homer . In that of Argos of one Inachus & one Io his daughter they have made two calling the last Inachus by the name of Iasus. So when thePoets had feigned that Io the daughter of Inachus became the egyptian Isis the wife of Osiris or Bacchus & thereby made the great Bacchus too ancient in the kingdom of Crete they have made two Minoses & two Ariadnes their daug{h}ters the first the mistress of Bacchus, the last the mistress of Theseus. In the

when they had made the Egyptian Isis as old as Io the daughter of Inachus, they made her husband Osiris or Bacchus & his mistres Ariadne as old: & feigned that there were two Ariadnes one the mistress of Bacchus the other the mistress of Theseus & two Minoses their fathers, & a younger Io the daughter of Iasus writing Iasus corruptly for Inachus, & two Pandions contemporary to the two Ariadnes & two Erectheuses the fathers of the two Pandions, gaving the name of Erechthonius to the first who Homer calls Erechtheus. And by such corrections they have exceedingly perplexed ancient history.

• – Rober Ball
• – Tho Lord Foley
• – Edm. Halley
• – Rich Mead
• Tho. Pellet
• – Alexander Pilfield
• – Sir Hans Sloan
• John Harwood
• – Abraham Hill
• – Francis Robarts
• Brook Taylor

• Lord
• James Douglass
• James Pound
• William Stanley
• William Cockburn
• Tho Jett
• John Englis
• John Keill
• Edw^d Laney D.D.
• John Machin
• Sir Geo. Markham
• Peter Le Neve
• Lord Paisley
• Edw. Southwell
• M^r Wrenn
• Rob^t Keck
• Sam Morland

$\begin{array}{l}4800\\ \underline{\phantom{0}}960\\ 5760\phantom{0}(\mathrm{140∟488}\\ 166\\ \phantom{00}20\\ \phantom{000}360\\ \phantom{0000}32\end{array}$

To 699
Sir Isaac Newton
at his house in
S^t martan^s Street
near Leicester Fields
London

As Babylon & Rome were adorned in the height of their Empire so doubtless it was in the reign of Sesostris & his successors that That Thebes grew so great & splendid & that Egypt was adorned with those magnificent works of Temples, Obelisks, Pyramids, Labyrinths & the like the spoiles & Tribute of the nations being employed on these things. For Sesostris returning home with a great multitude of captives imployed them in building new Temples in all the cities of Egypt & cutting ditches from Nile all over Egypt for watering the cities. He erected also in Heliopolis two Obelisks of 120 cubits inscribing on them the greatnes of his dominion & tribute with the number of the nations conquered: one of which Obelisks Augustus Cæsar translated to Rome placing it in the Campus Martius. Rhampses enlarged the Temple of Vulcan with a Portico on the west. Memnon erected the speaking statue & a wonderful Palace in Abydus. And Am & ( Imandes) the Labyrinth. Herodotus refers the Pyramids to kings who reigned a little after. Sesostris & with good reason since the kings who preceded had not wealth sufficient for such great works. The Labyrinth is attributed to one of the successors of Sesostris called Lachares by Manetho, Labaris by Eusebius. Imandes & Isimandes by Strabo & Mandes & Marrus by Diodorus that is Amenemes & Ameres the two successors of Lachares in Manetho. For Herodotus calls it the work of kings as if made by more then one & not finished till the reign of Psammiticus. And tho he places Mæris almost 900 years before his own age, yet the vast Lake which Mæris built of 3600 stadia in compass & 50 paces depth where deepest, with two Pyramids in the midst of 50 paces height above the water & upon each a Colossus on a throne representing him & his wife, are works which agree far better with this magnificent age then with that difficult one when the Shepherds reigned over the lower Egypt. And therefore I had rather attribute it to that Marrus whom Diodorus makes the author of the Labyrinth & Manetho seems to call Ammeres. For Mæris who made this Lake ^a[1] built also the memorable north Portico of that famous Temple of Vulcan whose foundation was doubteles laid by Sesostris when he renewed all the Temples in Egypt, & Lycias in ^b[2] Pliny makes the Labyrinth to be the sepulcher of Mæris. This Mæris also wrote the Elements of Geometry & Geometry is thought to have had its rise from the division of Egypt by Sesostris amongst his soldiers & probably Siphocas who succeeded Maris is that Suphis who according to Manetho erected the greatest Pyramid & whom Herodotus calls Cheops. For that Suphis wrote a sacred book & Siphoas for writing sacred books was accounted the second Mercury.

In the sepulcher of Osimandes was a ring of Gold 365 cubits in compass & a cubit thick divided into 365 equal parts with the days of the year inscribed on each & the rising & setting of the stars & their significations according to the Egyptian Astrology. Diodorus C. 1 p. 32.

^[3]Successorem Sesostris qui Labyrinthum sibi sepulchrum fecit Manetho Lacharem Eusebius Labærem vocat. Et Lacharis successor apud Manethonem est Ammeres. Forte hic est Marrus vel Mœris cui Diodorus & Lysias Labyrinthum tribuunt. For Mæris ^b[4] built the stately nothern Portico of the Temple of Vulcan & ^a[5] found out the Elements of Geometry & by both those characters was one of the successors of Sesostris. For Sesostris ^c[6] began this structure & divided Egypt equally by measure amongst all the Egyptians which gave occasion to geometry. This MÆris

Strabo an eye witness tells as the above the speaking statue of Monnuon in Thebais were the sepulchers of 40 kings of Egypt in caves cut in stone & by them in certain Obelisks inscriptions declaring the riches & power of those kings & the dominion [of some of them] propagated to Scythia & Bactriana & India & Ionia with the greatness of their tribute & their army of about a thousand thousand men.

Among the successors of Sesotris are recconned Rhampses & Amenophis Rhampses (called Remphis by Diodorus & Rhampsinitus by Herodotus & by Manetho said to be the son of Sethos or Sesostris) a^[7] did nothing glorious but spent his whole age in heaping up riches & was the richest of all the kings of Egypt gathering together 400000 Talents an Egyptian talent conteining two Attic Talents that is 120 Attic pounds Tacitus^[8] tells us that Germanicus Cæsar visited Egypt to know its Antiquities & & saw the great ruins of old Thebes where some structures remained with Egyptian letters expressing its ancient wealth. And the ancienter of the Priests being commanded to interpret them related that there once dwelt in it seven hundred thousand of military age, & that king Rhampses with that army reigned over Libya, Æthiopia, the Medes, Persians, Bactrians & Scythia & the territories of the Syrians, Armenians Cappadocians & Bithynia & Lycia from sea to sea. The tributes & gifts of every nation (gold & silver & armour & horses & ivory & odours for the temples & corn & all utensils) were also read being scarce less magnificent than what the Parthians or the Roman Empire exacted.

Amenophes (called Ammenephthes by Eusebius & Imandes Ismandes & Memnon by the Greeks & Mendes & Osymandes by Strabo) visited the conquests of Sesostris, marched through Ismia & Phyrygia staid long in Susiana & left monuments of his stay there & subdued therebelling Bactrians Strabo an eye witness tells us that in Thebais above the vocal statue of Memnon – – – – a thousand thousand men. These {illeg} Obelisks being among the ruins of Thebes its probable that the inscription above mentioned which Germanicus caused to be interpreted, was on that Obelisk which was dedicated to Rhampses.

M^r Sawyer had 40 ^lb by a bill at London paid to his order.In money left in his hand either 6 or 11 ^lb when they returned to Brigstock. My sister thinks 6 ^lb.
To the Apothecary at two payments between 4 & 5 ^lb. To M^r Sawyer for two journeys to Brigstock 30^s at one time & 30 or 40 at the other if there was another.
To his man 40^s for attendance.

At M^r Tindalls an Apothecary in Bridges Street at ה signe of the Pestell & Mortar neare the play house.
M^r                 at the Bell & Dragon on Newgate Market.

years of Nabonassar 586 & 618. The middle year is 602 which is 286 years after the aforesaid observation of Meton & Euctemon. And in these years the equinox must have gone backward about four degrees & So have been in the fourth degree of Aries in the days of Hipparchus & by consequence have then gone backward elven degrees since the Argonautic expedition, that is in 1090 year{s a}ccording to the chronology of the ancient Greeks then in use. And this is after the rate of about 99 years, or in the next round numbers an hundred years to a degree, as was then stated by Hyparchus. But it really {w}ent back a degree in seventy & two years & 11 degrees in 792 years. Count these 792 years backwards from the year of Nabonassar 602 (the year from which we counted the 286 years) & the recconing will place the Argonautic expedition about 43 years after the death of Solomon. 43 years after the death of Solomon.The Greeks – – – a degree in an hundred years.

– After the great victory of Asa over Zerah & the following revolt of the lower Egypt from Zerah to Osarsiphus, Amenophis (his father being slain) might presently fly from Osarsiphus with the remainder of his father's army the Ethiopians to Memphis & spend about two years in building & fortifying that city & thirteen years more in Æthiopia, & then return from Æthiopia with a great army to conquer the lower Egypt about sixteen years after the victory of Asa over Zera or 51 years after the death of Solomon, & having spent three or four years in conquering Osarsiphus & setling the affairs of the lower Egypt he might then leave Proteus his viceroy at Memphys, & go with his army into Persia to secure his dominions {in} in those parts & build the Memnonia at Susa fortifying that city as the Metropolis of his dominions in the east, & after the taking of Troy return into Egypt & erect the speaking statue & the Temple

Africanus calls Boceharis a Saite, but Sais at this time had other kings.

9 to 5 - nine to five 19 to 33 1/3. 57 to 102. 19 to 34. nine to five – become 30 years – ann 2 Olymp 53

All paid till Mich 1722

And this summ together with 12^£ received Aug. 3^d 1725 & 8^£ received November 16^th 1724 & ten pounds in money & two pounds in taxes received March 24 172 3/4 makes up the summ of 56 pounds, the same being his rent for two years ending at Michaelmas 1724 besides eight pounds towards his rent for the half year ending at Lady day 1725.

Pag.7. The expedition of Sesostris – death of Solomon pag.8.

Pag. 9. At length the Egyptians – minded not arts and sciences. p.10.

Pag. 13. The Trojan war was one gen – dominions in those parts. p.14.

seven Weeks of years or seven sabbats of years = a Iubilee. Levit. 25.8.

lbozdwtgrlbozdwtg{r} Aug. 31.Tho. Woodward ☉—28.10.1.14 Sep. 28^th Silver. Ed. Wright95.8.12.1{} Sep. 1De Gols —227.0.14.3 Sept. 8Tho Woodward57.1.11.7 John Blachford13.10.16.21 326.11.3.21 Sep. 13Tho Woodward77.5.0.7 Tho Woodward & Comp.210.9.10.1 Sept. 14Tho Woodward114.6.6.17 Tho Woodward & Comp.244.11.4.8 Iosiah Wordsworth28.8.11.12 1003.3.16.18 Sept. 16Conrade de Gols224.4.13.12 1227.8.10.6 Sept. 17.Tho Woodward –182.2.11.9 Edw. Ironside —10.5.2.5 Sept. 20.Conrade de Gols —229.1.3.23 John Cook —26.9.1.2 Tho Woodward267.4.1.9 1943.6.10.6 Sept. 21.Tho Woodward —237.0.18.4 Sept. 22Tho Woodward —162.10.10.8 Tho Woodward & comp.299.2.13.7 26128.12.1 Sep. 27Conrade de Gols224.1.18.4 2836.10.10.5 Sept. 28Coyned —1350.0.0.0

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Sir

There are now come into the Mint since the last delivery 2612 pounds weight of Gold which when coyned will make above 120 thousand p

The building of Babylon by Pul seems

Quintus Curtias tells us that Semirramis built Babylon or, as many beleive Belus, whose Palace is there shewn. The occasion of ascribing it to Semiramis seems that she (as Herodotus tells us) built great banks throughout the plane of Babylonia which before were overflowed by the River. And this was done about the time of the reign of Pul For Herodotus places Semiramis five ages generations before the mother of Labynitus King of Babylon whom Cyrus conquered

Babylon was therefore founded by a king of Assyria & by consequence by Pul Belus the first king we read of who began to erect that monarchy. For the Æra of Nabonassar shews that it was founded about the time of his reigne. Hence Dorotheus Sidonius an old Poet [apud Iulian Firmicum

And so Diodorus tells us – – – – – – The Phenicians would have the founder of Babylon to be a Phœnician & the Egyptians an Egyptian but both agree in his name Belus. Quintus Curtius tells us – – – Cyrus conquered. And Abydenus out of Megasthenes – – – – Empire of Macedon. So Berosus [apud Ioseph. cont. App. 1. p 1045 a] ascribes the building of the walls palace Pensil gardens & temple of Belus in this city to Nebuchadnezzar & blames the Greeks for ascribing them to Semiramis the Assyrian. And Nebuchadnezzar himself boasted Is not this great Babylon which I have built? Dan 4.30

When Belus had assigned to everyone his portion of the watry; Semiramis an Assyrian Lady assisted him in draining them. For Herodotus tells us that he built great banks throughout the plane which was before overflowed by the river & that she lived but 5 generations before the Mother of Labyrintus the last King of Babylon whom Cyrus conquered. She lived therefore about the age of Pul & thence I reccon him to be the Belus who founded Babylon. Porphyry places Semiramis a little earlier telling us that Sanchoniathon a writer of Berytus lived under Semiramis a Queen of the Assyrians who is said to have been before or about the times of the Trojan war. But its'^s more probable that Sanchoniathon was a later writer because he mentions the Theology of the Greeks

For Ctesias & those that follow him make semiramis the author of the walls Pensil gardens & other great works in Babylon But Berosus

They lived

Sir


I have lookt into De Omerique's Analysis Geometrica & find it a judicious & valuable piece answering to the Title. For therin is laid a foundation for restoring the Analysis of the Ancients which is more simple more ingenious & more fit for a Geometer then the Algebra of the Moderns. For it leads him more easily & readily to the composition of Problems & the Composition which it leads him to is usually more simple & elegant then that which is forct from Algebra.

Which reigns according to Chronologers took up 244 years, which is much too long for the course of nature being after the rate of 35 years to a reign At 20 years a piece one with another they amount to no more then 140 years that is 90 years to the death of Cyrus & 50 years to the invasion of Greece by Xerxes. Anaxandrides & Ariston Kings of Sparta were contemporary to Cræsus (Herod l. 1. c. 6) & therefore between the end of the first Messenian war & the death of Cyrus there were about five reigns of the Spartan kings which at 20 years to a reign make about 100 years. This intervall was therefore about 90 or 100 or at a medium 95 years: which added to the 200 years between the return of the Heraclides & the end of the first Messenian war places the said return about 295 years before the death of Cyrus. This invervall according to recconing of Ephorus &

The making of the Puncheons a month barring accidents or six weeks if a Puncheon breaks.

The making the Dies & coyning 1400 medals by the Mill & Press 4 days                                    by a ring – 9 days.

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$\begin{array}{lll}1840\text{T. at }3.9{\text{p}}^{\text{r}}\text{ Φ}& \sout{}& \overline{)126960}\\ \phantom{0.}\text{Interest 3 years}& \sout{}& \overline{)\phantom{0}22852.16}\\ 1840\text{T at }3.9{\text{p}}^{\text{r}}\text{ ⊕}& \sout{}& \overline{)126960}\\ \phantom{00.}\text{Interest 2 years}& \sout{}& \overline{)\phantom{0}\mathrm{15235.\; 4}}\\ 1840\text{ T}& \phantom{0000000}& \overline{)126960}\\ \underline{\phantom{00.}\text{Interest 1 year}}& \underline{}& \overline{)\phantom{00}\mathrm{7617.\; 12}}\\ \phantom{0}\text{Total Principal}& \sout{}& 380880\\ \phantom{00}\text{Freight}& & \phantom{00}5520\\ \phantom{00}\text{Salaries \& incidents in }{\text{Cor}}^{\text{t}}& & \phantom{00}6000\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\phantom{000000000000000000000000000000}& \overline{392400\phantom{000}}\\ \phantom{0}\text{Interesst till }{\text{y}}^{\text{e}}\text{ end of cont}& \phantom{0}58860\\ \phantom{0}\sout{\text{Interest till T be sold}}\\ \phantom{0}\text{Loss by the fall }\underline{\text{of }{\text{y}}^{\text{e}}\text{ Price}\}}& 160874\\ \phantom{0}\text{from 76 to 45 }\sout{\phantom{000000}}\\ \phantom{0}\sout{\text{Loss by Inter}}\text{ Remainder}& 231526\end{array}$

& his followers was about 560² & according to later Chronologers 573 years which is 278 years too long. Subduct the Olympiads & >there will remain but about 47 years between the said return of the Heraclides & the first Oly{m}piad. Which intervall according to the followers of Ephoru{s I} was about 320 years. And this is the fundamental error of the artificial Chronology of the Greeks

1200 Silver medalls coyned by the mill & press will cost

p.22. Cadmus came first to Rhodes {illeg} & left there a colony of Phenicians who sacrifice men to Saturn. Phobas carried a colony of Telchines to Rhodes from Argos, & Triopas the son of Phorbas carried a colony from Rhodes to Caria & from this & such like colonies Caria was anciently called Phœnice.

P.32. Triopas led a Colony from Rhodes into Caria & Agenor the son of Triopas invaded Argos with a great multitude

For Cadmus in coming to Greece arrived first at Rhodes an island bordering upon Caria & left there a colony of Phenicians who sacrificed men to Saturn; & the Telchines being repulsed by Phoroneus retired from Argos to Rhodes with Phorbas who purged the island of serpents: & Triopas the son of Phorbas carried a Colony from Rhodes to Caria. And from this & such like colonies Caria was anciently furnished with shipping & called Phœnice.

p.31. From Cecrops to Codrus inclusively were 14 kings of Athens which at 18 years a piece one with another take up about 252 years. And these years counted back from the death of Codrus place the reign of Cecrops in the days of Samuel.

14. & the death of Codrus [& beginning of the Archons for life & Ionic migration under his sons 190 or 200 years before the decennial Archons, or about 100 or 105 years after the taking of Troy.

14 & the death of Codrus & Ionic Migration under his sons, & the beginning of the Archons for life about 18 or 190 years before the decennial Archons or 100 years after the taking of Troy.

an. 2 Olymp. 65; the first annual Archon of Athens an 1. Olymp. 49; the first decennial Archon about 40 or 50 years before, some of the seven decennial Archons dying in their regency : & the death of Codrus & Ionic migration under his sons, [& the beginning of the Archons for life] about ninety or an hundred years after the taking of Troy, that interval being taken up with the reigns of six kings of Athens, Demophoon, Oxyntes, Aphidas, Thymætes, Melanteus & Codrus, & Aphidas reigning but one year; & the interval between the death of Codrus & the decennial archons being taken up by twelve Archons for life

The time between the taking of Troy & the return of the Heraclides was taken up by the successive reigns of these three kings of the Mycenæ Ægystus Orestes & Tisamenus. And that between the taking of Troy & the death of Codrus by the successive reigns of these six kings of Athens Demophoon, Oxyntes, Aphidas, Thymætes, Melanthus & Codrus, the third & fourth of which according to chronologers took up but 9 years.

Historians tell us that Sardus the son of the Libyan Hercules went with a colony from Libya to Sardinia & gave his name to that Island. {illeg} . The Libyan Hercules was he who contended with Antæus. He was one of the brothers of Sesostris & was by him left governour of Thebais & Æthiopia & came down from thence to the assistance of the God's against the Giants. Which makes it probable that Zerah was the same man with Sardus, & fled from Osarsiphus into Libya & thence into Sardinia about the same time that Amenophis retired into the upper Egypt & fortified Memphis [& went thence into Æthiopia to recover strength.] against the same Osarsiphus.

Sir
     I received your kind present of a collar of very good brawn, &return my hearty thanks for it. I hope you have your health well & wish you a happy new year.

Deni Iudicium prædictum subjunxi, unam notis quibus pateat eidem in Recensione illa vivente Leibnitio Respondum fuisse & Sespum eites esse tantum ut ut Commercium epistolicum sine Resposo dimitteret.

Reges Arcadiæ post Argioos

• 1 Pelasgus qui gentem rudem & feram in ordinem redegit & Deos coleve docuit, quod hinc in alios universim populos transit
• 2 Lycaon Cecropi synchronus
• 3 Nyclimus f sub quo Diluvium Deucalionis
• 4 Arcas n.agriculturam a Triptonelo doctus
• 5 Azan. f
• 6 Clitor f
• 7 Æpytus
• 8 Aleus Argonauta
• 9 Lycurgus
• 10 Echemus qui Hyllum occidit
• 11 Agapenor Anaæphilius Lycurgi nepos, qui inter Helenes procos fuit & ad Trojanum bellum profectus est
• 12 Hippothous quo imperium tenente Anchises in Arcadia mortus est
• 13 Epytus f. Orestes in Arcadiam venit.
• 14 Cypselus. Heraclidæ in Peloponesum redeunt.
• 15 Olæus.f.
• 16 Bucolion f
• 17 Phialus f
• 18 Simus f
• 19 Pompus f
• 20 Æginetes f
• 21 Polymestor f
• 22 Æchmis {eu}frate nepos
• 23 Aristocrates f. occisus.
• 24 Hecetas f
• 25 Aristocrates f. an. 1 Olymp 28 occisus.

it please your Lordship
I do not know of any book of Letters in which Robert Stevens saith what Manuscripts had & what had not the Epistles. I am My Lord.

Demetrius Magnes in his book de Homonymis, says that there were several men called Thales, one of which was very ancient, being contemporary to Hesiod & Homer & Lycurgus. Apud Diog. Laert in Thalete p 9 f.

Thales Mylesius was born an 1 Olymp. 35. Obit Olymp 58 annos natus 78, or 90.

Cleobulus (unus e 7 sapientibus Minervæ templum a Danao ædificatum instaravit Diog. Laert in Cleob.

Epimenibes qui geneologias scripsit. Diog Laert in Epimen.

Neptune = Briareus = [Enceladus=] Ægeon = Typhæus = Typhon. Callinachus vol.1 p 239. Vol 2 p 425.

Amymone Danai filia Neptuno Nauplium edidit Callim vol. 1. Notis p 443

Hyagris Phyx tibias invenit regnante Athenis Erechhthonio qui currum junxit Callin. Not. Vol 2 p 296.

Tridens est trifide hasta & tridentem habere est imperium maris obtinere. Callim vol 2 p 347.

M^r Hunt
I desire you to summon a Council to meet at twelve of the clock on wednesday next. A

Ægypt was at first divided into many kingdoms like other nations & grew into one Monarchy by degrees Sesac in the fif^t year of Rehoboam came out of Egypt with an army of Libyans, Troglodites & Ethiopians (2 Chron. 12.3) & therefore was then king & we do not read in scriptu{re} that any former king of Egpt who reigned over all those nations , came out of Egypt with a great army to conquer his neighbours. The sacred history of the Israelites from the days of Abraham to the days of Solomon admits of no such conqueror. Sesostris reigned over all the same nations of the Libyans, Troglodites & Ethiopians, & in prophane history we do not read of any later king of Egypt who reigned over all those nations & came out of Egypt with a great army against Phenicia Syria & the nations round about. And therefore Sesostris & Sesac must be one & the same king of Egypt. This is no new opinion. Iosephus perceived it when he affirmed that Herodotus erred in ascribing the actions of Sesac to Sesostris & the error was only in the name of the king. For in this is as much as to say that the true name of Sesostris was Sesac & that Herodotus erred only in calling him Sesostris Our great Chronologer Sir Iohn Marsham is also of opinion that Sesostris was Sesac And if this be granted, it is then most certain that Sesostris came out of Egypt in the fift year of Rehoboam to invade the nations & after an expedition of nine years returned backinto Egypt in 14^th year of Rehoboam: & his brother Danaus fled from him in a long ship after the pattern of which the Ship Argo was built by Argus the grandson of Danaus

I have now carried up the chronology of the Greeks as high as to the Trojan war the Argonautic Expedition & the invasion of the nations of Asia India & Europe by Sesostris & fixed the times by the coincidence of Sesostris with Sesac: For these are the ages reputed dark & fabulous by the ancient Greek Historians & there is no way of settling their chronology other in the times ~ before the Argonautic Exped genealogies & then comparing the Greek histories with those of other nations. It remains now that I try whether by the same {and} method their chronology can be carried up any higher.

Tatian in his book – – – Abia & Asa.

Rehoboam was born – – – & some years longer.

Herodotus tells us – – – & Ion be grown up before his death

I have now carried up – – – to be further examined.

Before the Phœnicians introduced – – – – older then is represented in scripture.

The Latines had no chronology of their own till they began to reccon by the years of their city which was not till after the days of Ennius. The Greeks had none till sixty years after the death of Alexander the great. but the Eclipses of the ☾ set down by Thucydides since the times of the Peloponnesian War. The Chronology of the kings of the Chaldeans Medes & Persians are setled by the Canon of Ptolomy. There by the times of the invasions of Greece by Darius Hystaspis & Xerxes are setled. The times of Pygmalion & Dido were recorded in the Archives of of Tyre & Carthage & the Trojan War was in the days of their father. And The time of the invation of Greece by Sesostris is setled by his being the same king of Egypt with Sesac mentioned in Scripture, And the time of the coming of colonies of Phœnicians from Sidon into Crete & Greece under Cadmus & Alymaus, Phœnix & other captains if fixed by the

P.14.6. The first annual Archon of Athens in the 48 or 49^th Olympiad. & the first decennial Archon 40 or 50 years before, some of the seven decennial Archons dying in their regency.

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May it please your Lordship           I have procured an assay to be made of the Oar which your Lordship sent to me, & send you inclosed the Report of the Assayer. He found neither silver nor Lead nor any other metal in the Oar: but in assaying it some part of it evaporated in a sulphureous fume & the rest became a cinder without yeilding any metall. He tells me that if he had had a sufficient quantity of Oar he would have made two or more assays. For a single Assay is scarce sufficient to ground a report upon by reason of unforeseen accidents. & the different natures of Oares. He tells me also that the Oare which I gave him was scarce sufficient to make a single assay: & that to enable him to make a Report with assurance, there should have been a pound of oar or at the least half a pound, & that if I can help him to any more of the Oar he will repeat the Assay. I am
My Lord
                         your Lordships most humble & most obedient Servant

And we do not read in scripture that any king of Egypt came came ino Phœnicia out of Egypt with an army before the father of Solomons Queen. He took Gezer & gave it to his daughter, & proceeded no fu

And The father of Solomons Queen was the first king of Egypt who came into Phenicia which an army. But he only took Gezer & gave it to his daughter.

him whom by way of submission to the conqueror they called Melcartus, king of the city, because he assumed the title of king of kings & Lord of Lords. [And this Temple they adorned with – – ] that Hercules of whom Pomponius writes (lib. 3. cap. 6) Temptum Ægyptij Herculis, conditoribus, religione, vetustate, opibus illustre, Tyrij condindere.

The Poets place the flood of Deucalion in the reign of Cranaus & just after the reign of Lycaon , & therefore the reign of Amphictyon at Thermopylæ, that of Hellan in Thessaly, & that of the sons of Lycaon in Pelopennesus, began a few years (suppose about 8 or 12) before the reign of Erechtheus in Attica or about the time that the Phœnicians came into Greece under the conduct of Cadmus, & that reign of Abibalus began at Tyre & that of Astesius in Crete.

Lycurcus –

–Erechtheus {illeg} & Minos. And Chiron was begot – – – – – And unless Chiron was above 84 years old in the time of the Argonautic Expedition – – – –will not begin before the reign of Solomon. Mythologists say – when Alcmena was with child by Heracles who was born about the 8^th or 10^th year of Rehoboam as above. And Niobe the daughter of Phoroneus – – – of Argus the son of Iupiter & Niobe & king of Argus next after his grandfather Phoroneus. Io the daughter of Inachus & sister of Phoroneus was one generation older then Niobe – – – – – – answers to the golden age. Hesiod tells us that he himself lived in the fift age & calls that the iron; for the present age is always the iron age. Hesiod therefore flourished in the fift age the age next after the taking of Troy. This fable of the four ages seems to have been made by the Curetes in the fourth age, in honour of their country-woman Europa & her posterity kings of Crete & in memory of the first four ages of their coming into Europe as into a new world. In the first age reigned Asterius the husband of Europa & the Saturn of the Latines. This age began about the 16^th or 18 year of Davids reign when the Phœnicicans came first into Europe under Cadmus & Atymnus, In the second reigned Minos the son of Europa a king celebrated for dominion & justice, the Iupiter nursed up by the Curetes in whose reign the Greeks began to plow & sow & on whose sepulchre was inscribed ΤΟΥ ΔΙΟΣ. In the beginning of his reign he begat Apis of Niobe suppose in the ^th year of Solomon: & his reign ended when Alcmenas was with child of Hercules suppose in the 8^th year of Rehoboam. Then reigned Deucalion the son of Minos till the Argonautic Expedition, & Idomeneus his grandson who warred at Troy.] – into a new world, & in honour of their country-woman Europa & her husband Asterius the Saturn of the Latines, & of their son Minos the Cretan ♃ & grandson Deucalion who reigned till the Argonautic expedition & great grandson Idomeneus who warred at Troy. Hesiod tells us that he himself lived in the fift age, the age next after the taking of Troy, &

as old as Inachus the father of Phoroneus. And Acusilaus & his followers making them almost 700 years older than the truth, to make out this recconing Chronologers have lengthed the races of the kings of Argos & Sicyon, & changed several – Kings of Sicyon.

The first men would be apt to reccon by days & nights new moons & full moons summers & winters & thence came the Lunisolar years. For these years seem to have been generally received in the first ages being the oldest years of the Iews Egyptians Assyrians Greeks Latins &c. So Moses tells us that at the Creation God appointed the sun & moon for signs & for seasons & for days & for years: which is as much as to say that the first ages numbred their Months by the revolutions of the moons & their years & seasons of summer & winter seed time & harvest by the revolutions of the sun. For before the invention of Astronomical rules they could have no other way recconning them by the visible returns of the sun & moon & seasons of the year. But at length finding that a Moon conteined almost 30 30 days & that there were something more then 12 moons – 1260 days. And As oft as they had occasion to reccon times past or to come, because they could not be assisted in such recconings by the visible revolutions of the Sun & M oon & knew not the exact length of the year, they would be apt to make their recconnings in the nearest round numbers of 30 days to a month & 12 months to a year, while at the same time they used the Luni-solar year in civil affairs & determined it by the visible revolutions of the sun & moon & returns of the annual seasons. For I do not find that any nation ever kept account in civil affairs by 30 days to a month & 12 months to a year. In all antiquity there is no mention of any Æra of such years nor is it probable that such an Æra could have been lasting because in the space of 35 years it would turn winter into summer & summer into winter.

The months of the years of ancient Ægyptians kept to certain seasons for Ioseph interprets seven kine fat or lean & seven ears &c – aristas. So also The months of the years which the Iews brought out of Egypt kept to certain seasons of the year For the first month they called Abib that is an ear of corn because in this month the corn began to be in the ear, & in the feast of this month they began to put the siccle into the corn & offered the first fruits thereof. . From that time they counted 7 weeks & then kept the of harvest & in the seventh month they kept the feast of ingathering after they had gathered their corn & wine & fruit Exod 23.16 Levit. 23.15, 39. Deut. 9.13. And hence its manifest that their year consisted not of 360 or 365 or any other certain number of days but was regulated by the visible revolutions of the sun & seasons of the year. For Their months began on the New moons Psal 81.3. Num 10.10 & 28.11, & therefor their years were Luni-solar. And tho Solomon had 12 officers which provided victuals each man his month in the year 1 King 4.7 & David had 12 Captains which came in & went out month by month throughout all the months of the year. 1 Chron 27 yet it is not said that the turn of every Officer & captain fell always upon the same season & month of the year. The months might be Lunar & thirteen of them sometimes go to the year notwithstanding these institutions. For the like courses of the Priests were observed after the captivity (Luke 1) when the year (as all allow) was Lunisolar. F Ioseph interprets seven kine far or lean & seven ears of corn to signify seven Egyptian years fat kine being put for plentiful years of grass & ears of corn for harvests according to the language of the poet, Post septem aristas.] And this shews that the months of the old Egyptian year kept to the same seasons of the year like that of the Iews]. The year of the Iews had two beginnings, the one in spring in the month Abib, by the institution of Moses & the other in autumn in the month Tisri according to their old recconing before they came out of Egypt. And no doubt they then used the year of the Egyptians their Lords &therefore the old Egyptian year was Lunisolar & began in Autum. So the ancient years of the Chaldeans Arabians Syrians & of the several Greek nations were Lunisolar & began at certain seasons as the Chaldean & Arabian with that Lunar month which happened in the autumnal Equinox the Olympic years & the Macedonic years with that Lunar month which happened in or next after the summer solstice, the Attic, Bœtic Laconic & Syracusan years with that Lunar month which happened in the winter solstice. And so in Italy (as ^[9]Cen <19v> Censorinus tells us, alium, Ferentini, aluim Lavinij, itemque Albani vel Romani habuerent annum; ita et aliæ gentes. Omnibus tamen fuit propositum suos civiles annos, gravie intercalendis mensibus, ad unum verum illum natualemque corrigere.

Again, after Tisamenes reigned Temenus & five others in Argos untill Phidon who was the tenth from Hercules & the sixt from Temensus . He introduced weights & measures & was the first who coyned money in Greece. His brother was Caranus the founder of the kingdom of Macedon & between Caranus & that Alexander who was contemporary to Xerxes were nine kings. So that between Temenus & the 19^th year of Darius Hystaspis when Alexander (according to          ) began his reign there were the reigns of 15 Kings which recconning 21 year a piece to a reign make 315 Kings.

Anno post captam Trojan 80^mo Heraclidæ in Pelopponnesum redierunt ducibus Aristodemo Temeno & Cresphonte filijs Aristomachi qui fuit tertuis ab Hercule. Temenus & posteri regnarunt in Argo Exinde Temenus Argos, Cresphontes Messenian, & Aristodemi filij Lacedæmo obtinuerunt. Sextus a Temeno, decimus ab Hercule fuit Phidon who introduced weights & measures & was the first who coyned money in Greece. He was brother to Caranus the founder of the kingdom of Macedon & between Caranus & Alexander who according to Eusebius began his reign in the 19 year of Darius Hystaspis, there were nine successive king, so that from the return of the Heraclidæ to the 19^th year of Darius there were 16 15 reigns of kings which at 21 years to a reign make 315 years. And by this recconing the return of the Heraclidæ into Peloponnesus will be (I.P. 3896) 163 years after the death of Solomon.

& seven others reigned successively in Messene till the beginning of the first Messenian warr, so that recconing 21 years to a reign there were 168 years between the return of the Heraclidæ & beginning of that warr. The war lasted 20 years & ended an. 1. Olymp. 14 (            ) & counting backwards 188 years the return of the Heraclidæ will be (I.P. 3842) 69 years after y^e death of Solomon

And at Argos after Orestes & Tisamenes reigned Temenus & six othes successively the last of which was Phidon who introduced weights & measures & was the first who coyned money in Greece. He was brother to Caranus the founder of the Kingdom of Macedon & between Caranus & Alexander K. of Macedon who (that king who (according to Euseb.    ) began his reign in the 19 year of Darius Hystaspis there were 9 successive Kings so that there were in all 18 successive reigns between the death of Ægystus & the 19^th year of Darius which at 21 years to a reign make 378 years & these years counted bacward place the beginning of the reign of Orestes 100 years after the death of Solomon at which rate the destruction of Troy will be 90 years later then the death of Solomon.

Now Eteocles & Polynices the sons of Oedipus the son of Laius, the son of Labdacus, the son of Polydorus, the son of Cadmus & Harmonia were slew one another in the war of the seven Captains at Thebes & ten years after Thersander the son of Polynices took Thebes & was soon after slain by Telephus in going to the war at Troy (Pausan Boeot. c 5 p. 722.) These six generations by the eldest sons between the coming of Cadmus & the warr of Troy could scarce take up less time then 130 or 140 years which with the ten years duration of that warr being counted from the middle of Davids reign will place the taking of Troy about 80 or 90 years later then the death of Solomon as above.

This recconing is still confirmed by considering that the warr of Troy by the consent of all antiquity was later then the reign of Sesostris & fell in with the latter end of the reign of Memnon. For Sesostris was Sesach & Memnon died about 85 or 90 years after the death of Solomon as we shall shew hereafter. – as Arcadia from Arcas.

Plutarch {nexi.} 189 represents great uncertainty in the Originals of Rome. The old Records of the Latins were burnt by the Gauls 64 years before Alexanders death. and Q. Fabius Pictor, the oldest Historian of the Latins, lived 100 years later then that King.

For Belus & his son Pygmalion reigned over Cyprus or some part thereof & built there the cities Citium Lapethus & Carpatia. And After the destruction of Troy Teucer being barred by his father Telamon from returning home into the Island Salamis sailed to Cyprus & there built Salamis & he & his posterity reigned there till till Evagoras the last of these was invaded by the King of Persia in the days of Isocrates the Poet. Also Agapenor the Captain of the Arcadians after the destruction of Troy sailed to Cyprus & built there a new Paphus & Temple of Venus about 60 furlongs from the old Paphus built by Cinyras And Theopompus tells us that the Greeks who followed Agamemnon (meaning Teucer Agapenor & their companions &c Now Virgil tells us that these things were done in the reign of Belus the father of Dido before she fled from her brother. For he introduces Dido speaking thus

Belus therefore took Cyprus from Cinyras ~ ~ ~ & there gave seats to the Greeks who assisted him. Cyprum Subactam, saith Servius, concessiti Teucro ut in ea collocaret imperium. Theopompus [l. 12 apud {illeg} saith that the Greeks who followed Agamemnon (meaning Euc & Agapenor & their followers) seized Cyprus & ejected Cinyras. It seems they did it by the assistance of Belus Servius tells us that this Belus was called Methres & Iosephus calls him Matgenus. According to the Tyrian Annals he reigned 9 years & died 83 years after Solomon. Whence it follows that Troy was taken about 75 or 80 years after Solomons death.

Till then the Greeks lived either without houses or in huts very meanly built & fed upon the spontaneus fruits of the earth without planting of trees without plowing & sowing without wine or beer without commerce or money, without laws, or letters & without fixed seats being in perpetual arms & often changing their seats as they drove out one another by force or sought a better soile until at length the villages combined to wall in some towns to which they might fly in case of danger & these towns united under common councils & kings: which came first to pass in the days of Saul & David & their successors. And this is the reason why Greece was at first so very much divided & did nothing in common before the war of Troy. How mean the towns & cities were in those days may be understood by Ovids description of old Rome. / How the several kingdoms We have shewn how the cities of Egypt united very early into several small kingdoms & how those kingdoms grew at length into one Monarchy seated at Thebes remains now to be explained.

Anno XVIII Car II Cap. 5.
An act for encouraging of Coynage.

And it is hereby further enacted that no monies leviable & payable by this Act, shall be applied or converted to any use or uses whatsoever other then to the defraying the charge.

May it please your Lordships



     del>We have further considered the proposal of erecting an Irish mint with my Lord Chancellors thoughts upon the Report of the late Warden & Master about it & waving all the interest that I or others of the Mint in the Tower may have in the coynage I humbly represent that the effect which a new Mint may have upon y^e minds of the people of Ireland is a political consideration not before us, & should have been waved in that report, We do not know what apprehension the people of England may have of losing any part of their bullion or trade by such a Mint [may deserve your Lordships consideration] but we beleive that a Mint of equal advantages with ours to Merchants & others Importing ☉ & ☾ is more like to derive Bullion from England then if the advantages were less.

the Question about a new Mint depends so much upon political considerations which are above us that we still think it safest to be cautious as our Predecessors have been. A Mint which gives equal advantages to the Merchant & other importers of bullion is more like to draw Bullion from England then one which makes them pay a seigniorage. And how the people of England may relish it or what effect it may have upon the minds of the people of Ireland we are not able to foresee. All eyes will be upon it & We think it safer to have the sense of a Parliament about it before it be erected then afterwards.

Herodotus (lib.7) makes Leutichides who commanded the Navy of the Greeks against Xerxes) to be the 20^th from Hercules & tells us that all the men in this succession were kings of Sparta except two. If to the 18 kings be allotted 21 years a piece & to the two private generations 33 years a piece the whole succession will take up 446 years which counted back from the 6^t year of Xerxes when Leonidas was slain at Thermopylæ, will place Hercules about 56 years after the death of Solomon agreably to the computations above.

To the R^t Honourable Sidney Lord Godolphin Lord High Treasurer
of England

May it please your Lordship
The Petition of M^r Cha. Fryth for an allowance in his Accounts now depending of 370.8.9 upon two Tickets of the Master & Warden of Chester Mint with the Report of the Commissioners of Excise upon it we received 30 March 1702 & in obedience to the Order of the then Lords Commissioners of the Treasury upon them we have examined into the matter & humbly conceive the true state of it to be as follows

M^r Fryth imported into Chester Mint several parcels of hammered money before Lady day 1697 for all which he received back 5^s p^r oz in new monies & endorsed all the Tickets before the end of Iuly following. In May he imported two other parcells for which at 5^s p^r oz he was to receive back 807^£. 10^s & in part thereof received in August of Williams (M^{r Neales Clerk} 400^£ & afterwards of Lewis another Clerk 300^£ more & then recconing with Lewis concealed the 400^£ paid by Williams & deducted only the 300^£ & took Lewises Note for the remaining 507^£. 10^s & endorsed the Tickets: whereas he should have deducted also the 400^£ & taken a Note only for 107^£. 10^s the true deficiency.. And this misreconning is the grownd of the Petition.

After these Importations there were two others in Iuly & August for which at 5^s p^r oz M^r Fryth was to receive back 370^£ 8^s. 9^d. And in October November & December following he did receive of Lewis at 4 payments 500^£, which makes up the aforesaid deficiency of 107^£ 10^s & pays of the 370.8.9. due upon these last two Tickets for which an allowance is now petitioned & leaves 22^£ .1^s .3^d in his hands in part of the 8^d p^r oz whichhe was further to be allowed . For the 500^£ was paid out of the Treasury of the Mint in satisfaction for silver imported by Mr Fryth & therefore ought to be deducted in his Accounts from the allowance of 5^s 8^d p^r oz according to the words of the Act of Parliament which run thus. And all & every such Receivers Geveral " & Collectors in their respective Accounts to his Majesty shall be allowed the deficiency " occassioned by the recoyning of the said hammered money that is to say the differ" ence between the summ of the hammered money brought into the Mint computed at " 5^s 8^d an ounce & the summ in tail of the new money which he or they do receive " back from the Mint for the same.

Therefore instead of granting the Petition we are humble of opinion that M^r Fryth be further charged to her Majesty with 22.1.3 in his Accounts now depending.All which is most humbly submitted to your Lordships great wisdome.

Ctesias & his followers making Nineve to be ruined a little before the reign of Tigtata Pulasser this king, have given occasion to Castor & some others to speak of a Ninus reigning over Assyria presently after Sardanaplaus the last king And thence Vsser in his Annals calls Tiglathpulasser by the name of Ninus junior. Its probable therefore that this king was the Ninus who built Nineve that is fortified it & built it magnificently & that his wife was the Semiramis of Herodotus.

For Sardanapalus was not the same King with Nabopolassar the father of Nebuchadnezzar as Polysstor affirms but contemporary to him.

Diodorus here places Moses in a wrong age but thereby lets us know that the Shepherds were expelled Egypt just before the building of Ierusalem & the Temple & after several hardships some of them came in to Greece & other places under the Conduct of Cadmus & other Captains but the most of them settled in Phenicia next Egypt. We may reccon therefore that the warrs between the Egyptians & the Shepherds were the occassion that in those days so many men came with colonies out of Egypt & Phenicia into Greece, as Cecrops, Lelex Cadmus, Erechteus, Peteos, Danaus, tho Danaus seems rather to have fled from Sesostris long after the expulsion of the Shepherds because he fled in a long ship not in use before the days of Sesostris.

The expulsion of these shepherds Polemo places in the time of Apis the son of Phoroneus, as above, But this Apis was a little later being taken by the Greeks for the Egyptian Osiris who was Sesostris as we shall shew hereafter & Appion the Grammarian relates out of Ptolomy the Mendesian an Egyptian Priest that Amosis who expelled the shepherds & ruined Avaris was contemporary to Inachus king of Argos. And this is confirmed by the rapture of Io the daughter of Inachus which Herodotus places a little before the rapture < insertion from f 22r > of Europa & which was consequent to the trafic of the Phenicians in Grece occasioned by the expulsion of the shepherds & victories of David over Edom. < text from f 21v resumes > So that there is scarce any memory of things done in Europe older then the expulsion of these shepherds For For the Greeks know nothing older then Inachus & before Cadmus brought letters into Europe nothing could be long remembered.

After the Egyptians had expelled these strangers they seem for some time to have treated with severity such strangers as remained in Egypt or endeavoured to enter it. And hence came the story of Busiris For Busiris reigned in Egypt in the days of Cadmus or immediately before when Proteus fled from him into Phœnicia as you heard above. His sacrificing strangers seems a story <22r> feigned by the shepherds & Isocates absolves him from the crime.

Cecrops is recconed the first Egyptian who came into Greece & the Arundelian Marbles place his coming thither 64 years before the coming of Cadmus, & 72 years before the coming of Danaus. So that he seems to have fled fled from Egypt upon the very first expulsion of the Shepherds suppose in the days of Samuel For I take him to be one of the Shepherds because he brought into Cyprus the sacrifices of men an impiety the Egyptians were free from. 'For there a man was yearly sacrificed to Agraulos the daughter of Cecrops By the Colonies which came with him & others from Egypt & Phenicia, the sacrificing of men seems also to have been brought into Europe. But we do not read that any of them attempted to bring circumcision into Grece as it's probable some of them would have done had they been true Egyptians.

^a[10] Castor & some others speak of a Ninus King of Assyria after the time wherein Ctesias & his followers place the reign of Sardanapalus that is about the days of Tiglathpilasser & Vsser calls him Ninus junior & takes him for the same king with Tiglathpileser Whence I reccon that Tiglathpilasser was the Ninus who built Nineveh that is fortified it & built it magnificently & suitable to his conquests & that the Semiramis of Herodotus was the wife of this king.

Alexander Polyistor (Apud Euseb Chron. Gr)takes Sardanapalus for Nabopolasser {the k}ing of B.who sent his son Nebuchadnezzar against Nineve, & gives the name of Saracus to the king of Nineve. He places Sardanapalus in the right age but shoud have make him king of Nineve.

^a[11] Africanus relates that Polemo, in libro Græcarum Historiarum primo, said expresly that in the time of Apis the son of Phoroneus part of the Egyptian army withdrew it self from Egypt & seated it self in Palestine not far from Arabia. And Africanus takes these for the Israelites led out of Egypt by Moses. And Appion the Grammarian relates out of Ptolemy Priest of maedes saith that Amosis a king of Egypt who was contemporary to Inachus king of Argos ruined Avaris & in his reign the Iews came out of Egypt under Moses. By Amosis he means Thummosis the son of Misphragmuthosis.

Diodorus in his 40^th book (p. 736) saith that In Egypt there were formerly multitudes of strangers of several nations who used forreign rites & ceremonies in worshipping the Gods for which they were expelled Egypt & under Danaus, Cadmus & other skilful commanders after great hardships came into Grece & other places, but the greatest part of them came into Iudea not far from Egypt a country then Desart & uninhabited, being conducted thither by one Moses a wise & valiant man who after he had possessed himself of the country among other cities built Ierusalem & the Temple,

Busiris, the king or viceroy who reigned in Egypt next after the expulsion of the shepherds, & was cruel to all strangers on their account.

The

A Monsieur

Monsieur Iohn Bernoulli Professeur des Mathematiques a Basle en la uisse.

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$\frac{5,8}{400}=\frac{40}{400}=\frac{1}{10}$

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In obedience to your Lordships Order

Confirm the beginning of this intervall count backwards 190 or 200 years to the return of the Heraclides into Peloponnesus & from the end thereof count forwards 139 years to the 20^th year of Philip An. 4 Olymp 109; & the whole recconing will make almost 480 years from the return of the Heraclides unto the 20^th year of Philip: whereas Ephorus &c

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To the R^tReverent Honourable the Earl of Godolphin Lord High Treasurer of great Britain.

May it please your Lordship
In obedience to your Lordships order of the Reference of May 6^th upon the annexed Proposal of M^r William Morgan & others brought to us by the Proposer Iune 30^th for taking in the old copper money & coyning a thousand Tunns of better copper money in its stead within the term of seven years, provided the loss which they may sustain by changing the old money for the new & the interest of forty thousand pounds dead stock may be allowed them over & above the price of the new metal & charges of coynage: We have considered the same & are humbly of the opinion that the loss which would be sustein by melting down the old copper money & the interest of the dead stock would amount to above eighty thousand pounds & are an unnecessary charge, & that the coynage of a thousand Tunns would make a very great clamour, six hundred Tunns being sufficient to stock the nation. And we further humbly represent that a constant coynage of about eight or ten Tunns per annum may be sufficient to supply the yearly wast of the present copper money, that such a small coynage is safest but not yet wanting, that it may be above ten or twelve years before the coynage of an hundred Tunns shall be wanting & that a greater coinage will not be advisable untill there be a great & general complaint of the want of copper money.

All which is most humbly submitted to your Lordships great wisdome

In deifying the dead it was usual to give them new names, as by calling Sesak Sirius, Ino Leucothea, Melicerta Palæmon Alcæus Hercules &c & the Greeks deified several of their nation by the names of the Gods of Egypt as the son of Semele by the name of Bacchus, the son of Penelope by the name of Pan the son of Alcmena by the name of Hercules, the mother of Achilles by the name of Thetis, the son of Maia by the name of Mercury, Erechtheus & Æolus by the name of Neptune, the father of Alcippe by the name of Mars, & Minos by the name of Iupiter . And thus by worshipping their own people by the names & with the ceremonies of the Gods of Egypt the Greeks introduced the Idolatry of the Egyptians into Europe. [And after the exam- of the Oracle of Iupiter Ammon set up in Libya upon the conquest of that country by Ammon, the people who came from Egypt & Libya into Greece set up Oracles at Dodona, Delphos,]

. These are the famous wars between Iupiter & the Titans of which the Scholiast upon Æschylus (in Prometheo v. 351) saith that they lasted ten years. Sesostris therefore.

In the end of the reigns of Orus the Ethiopians under Hercules se

The Ethiopians under Hercules, after they had rescued Egypt from the invasion of Typhon & retired into their own seats, seem to have come down into Egypt, drowned Orus & invaded his kingdom.

The Titans who drowned Orus, seem to be Hercules & his associates who after they had rescued Egypt from Typhon, retired into their own seats for a time, but after a while returned & invaded Egypt For Pliny tells us

Thoas lay with his own daughter Smyrna & of her begot Adonis. He is promiscuously {called} Thoas Theias & Cinyras He left his daughter Hypsipyla in Lemnos & gave her a purple cloak which he had received of Bacchus & when the weomen of Lemnos slew their husbands, she became Queen of the Island. ✝ Apollodorus represents him contemporary to Pigmaleon king of Cyprus. & therefore the Trojan war & the building of Carthage was in one & the same age as above By his skill in metalls & his being placed in Lemnos by Rhadamanthus he seems to have been a Cretan & most probably he & his workmen were some of the Curetes. For the sacred rites & ceremonies institutes in Lemnos were like those instituted by the Curetes in Samothrace & other places                      & enterteined the Argonauts.

✝ He was so much favoured by Bacchus as to be reputed his son by Ariadne. Antonius Liberalis saith that Theias the father of Smyrna was the son of Belus & Apollonius that Thoas the father of Hypsipyla was the son of Bacchus. & Panyasis that Thoas the father of Smyrna was king of the Assyrians & Hyginus that Cinyras the father of Smyrna was king of the Assyrians. So that Thoas the father of Smyrna Theias the father of Smyrna Cynyras the father of Smyrna & Thoas the father of Hypsipyla are one & the same man. And to the same purpose it is that the Poets call Vulcan the son of Iupiter, that is of Iupiter Belus or Bacchus. . The Phenicians called him Baal Michius & from his great age the Latines might call him old Baal, Baal canus, Volcan, Apollodorus represents him contemporary to Pigmaleon king of Cyprus & therefore the Trojan war was in one & the same age with the building of Carthage, as above.

. The names of the great men of Phenicia were frequently compounded of Baal, & from the great age of Cinyras the Latines

Altars might begin to be erected before the days of Cadmus, & Temples began a little after. for Æacus who was two generations older then the Trojan wars is recconed the first or one of the first who built a Temple in Greece

This is that Thoas of whom Pliny saith Argentum invenit Erechthonius Atheniensis, ut alij Æacus: auri metalla et conflaturam Cadmus Phœnix ad Pangæum montem, ut alij Thoas et Æacus.

An

The Babylonians had a feast which {they cal}led Sacea & began upon the 16 day of the month Lous & lasted 5 days In which this feast the servants ruled & the masters served as in the Saturnalia. The ceremony imports that it was instituted in memory of a conquest & the name may relate to the conqueror to whom as a God this feast was dedicated by the Babylonians. And from this God ^a[12] some think that Babylon was called Sesach Ier. 25.26 & 51.41.

Hypsiphila the Queen of Lemnos who entertained the Argonauts was the daughter of Thoas & this Thoas was the favorite of Bacchus For Apollonius tells us that Bacchus left his purple cloak to his son Thoas & he left it to his daughter Hypsipyla. [Argonaut l. 4 v. 426] [As Thoas the father of Hypsiphyla is here called the son of Bacchus, so Theias the father of Smyrna that is Cinyras is by Antonius Liberalis said to be the son of Belus. Because he was the favorite of Bacchus or Belus the called him his son] By the age of Hypsipyla & the friendship of Bac you may know that her father Thoas reigned in Lemnos when Bacchus invaded Greece & lay with Venus & by consequence that Venus was his wife. Because he was the favorite of Bacchus his is feigned to be his son & in the same Theyas the father of Smyrna, that is Cinyras, was called the son of Belus.

Cinyras is by Panyasis called Thoas king of the Assyrians, that is is, of the Syrians. Antonius Liberalis calls him Theias the son of Belus [& father of Smyrna, & saith that Smyria was born in Libanus. Hyginus calls him the son of Phapus & saith that he built the city Smyrna so called from his daughter. Whence it should seem that Smyrna was born before he left Lemnus: for Smyrna was a city of Lemnus.] Apollodorus saith that he was born in Cilicia & went from thence to Cyprus & there bult Paphus.

Apollodorus saith that Cynyras was born in Cilicia, & went from thence to Cyprus & there built Paphos & that he maried Metharne the daughter of Pygmaleon king of Cyprus by whom he had Adonis & three daughters who flying from the anger of Venus married forreigners & died in Egypt. By his being contemporary to Pygmaleon may be gathered that the Trojan war was in the same age with the building of Carthage by Dido, but that Adonis was the grandchild of Pygmaleon is not certain He is reputed the son of the son of Smyrna the daughter of Cinyras. Panyasis saith that he was the son of Thoas king of the Assyrians & of Smyrna the daughter of Thoas, And Higynus that he was the son of Cinyras king of the Assyrians & of Smyrna, the daughter of Cnyras, By the Assyrans they meant the Syrians. Antonius Liberalis, saith that Smyrna the mother of Adonis was the daughter of Theias the son of Belus. This is that Thoas who was succeeded in Lemnos by his daughter Hypsipyla. For by her [ reigning there in the time of the Argonautic expedition you may know that her father reigned there one generation earlier that is in the days of Sesostris Bacchus & Apollonius lets us know that he was the great favorite of Sesostris telling us that Bacchus left his purple cloak to his son Thoas & Thoas left it to his daughter Hypsipyla. But tho he is sometimes b called the son of Belus or Bacchus yet since he was placed in Lemnos by Rhadamanthus before Bacchus took the Islands of the Hellespont from the Cretans, its more probable that he was a Cretan & by his skill in metals that he & his workmen were some of the Curetes. For the sacred rites & religious institutions of Lemnus were of the same kind with those instituted by the Curetes in Samothrace & other places.

$\begin{array}{l}\phantom{00}\mathrm{a}\text{.}{\phantom{0}}^{+}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}\text{. }+\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{e}+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^3+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^4+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^5+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^6+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^7+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^8+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^9+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^{10}+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^{11}+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^{12}\text{\&c}=\mathrm{B}\\ \frac{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{a}-\mathrm{e}}-\frac{\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}+1}}{\mathrm{a}-\mathrm{e}}=\mathrm{B}\text{.}\phantom{00}\frac{\overline{\mathrm{a}-\mathrm{e}}}{\mathrm{a}}\mathrm{X}\mathrm{B}=\mathrm{a}-{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}+1}\text{. }\frac{-\mathrm{a}+\mathrm{e}\mathrm{X}\mathrm{B}+\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}}={\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}}=\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}}-\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{e}}+\frac{\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{e}}\text{.}\\ \mathrm{a}=25000\text{. }\mathrm{e}=\mathrm{1∟0125}\text{. }\mathrm{B}=11000000\text{. }\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}}=440\text{. }\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{e}}=\frac{8.8000000}{\mathrm{8∟1}}\frac{\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{e}}=\frac{200000}{\mathrm{8∟1}}\\ \frac{-\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}+\mathrm{a}\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}+1}}{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}-\mathrm{a}}=\mathrm{B}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{B}-\phantom{\mathrm{a}}\mathrm{B}+\mathrm{a}\phantom{\mathrm{a}}}{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}}={\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}}=\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}}-\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}}+\frac{1}{\mathrm{e}}\text{.}\\ \frac{-\mathrm{a}+\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}-1}}{\mathrm{e}-1}=\mathrm{B}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{B}-\mathrm{B}+\mathrm{a}}{\phantom{\mathrm{e}}}=\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}-1}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{B}-\mathrm{B}+\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}}={\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}}=\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}}-\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}}+\frac{1}{\mathrm{e}}\text{.}\\ \frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}}=440\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}}=\frac{35200}{81}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{1}{\mathrm{e}}=\frac{80}{81}\text{.}\phantom{0}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}}=440-\frac{35120}{81}=440-\phantom{4}\frac{3902.02020202}{9}\\ =440-\mathrm{433∟5578002244669}=\mathrm{6∟4421997755331}\\ \text{log.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{e}=0.0053950\text{.}\phantom{00}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}}=0.8090342\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{n}=150\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{n}=37\frac{1}{2}\text{ years.}\\ \phantom{000000000000000000000}\begin{array}{l}\phantom{0.}\underline{53950}\\ \phantom{0.}26953\\ \phantom{0.}26975\end{array}\\ \mathrm{a}=250000\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{e}=\mathrm{1∟0125}\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{B}=\mathrm{35,000000}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}}=140\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}}=\frac{11200}{81}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{1}{\mathrm{e}}=\frac{80}{81}\\ 260\text{.}\frac{11340}{81}=\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{11420-11200}{81}=\frac{220}{81}={\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}}=\frac{\mathrm{24∟44444}}{9}=\mathrm{2∟7160493777}\text{.}\phantom{0}0.4339377\\ \begin{array}{lll}0.0053950\text{.})& 0.4339377& (80.4\\ & \phantom{0.}\underline{43160}& \phantom{0}\mathrm{20∟}\phantom{0}\text{years \& }\sout{{\frac{1}{8}}^{\text{th}}}\text{ half a quarter.}\\ & 0.00233\end{array}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{lllll}\mathrm{A}\text{. }\mathrm{A}\text{. }\mathrm{A}\text{. }\mathrm{A}\text{.}& =\mathrm{n}\mathrm{A}& 1+\mathrm{o}=\mathrm{e}\text{.}& \mathrm{A}\text{. }\mathrm{e}\mathrm{A}\text{.}& 9\text{.}\phantom{0}225\\ \phantom{\mathrm{A}\text{. }}+\mathrm{o}\mathrm{A}{+}^{2}0\mathrm{A}{+}^3\mathrm{o}\mathrm{A}& +\mathrm{n}-1\mathrm{x}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{A}& & & 10\\ \phantom{\text{AA.. }}+\mathrm{o}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{A}{+}^3\mathrm{o}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{A}& +\mathrm{n}-2\mathrm{x}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{A}\\ \phantom{\text{AAA... }}+\mathrm{o}3\mathrm{A}& +\mathrm{n}-3\mathrm{x}\mathrm{o}3\mathrm{A}\\ & +\mathrm{n}-4\mathrm{x}\mathrm{o}4\mathrm{A}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{a}=\phantom{25000}225000\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{e}=\mathrm{1∟0125}\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{B}={35}^{\mathrm{m}}\mathrm{0,000000}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}}=\frac{35000}{225}=\frac{7000}{45}=\frac{1400}{9}=\mathrm{155∟555}\\ =\frac{12600}{81}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}}=\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}}\times \frac{80}{81}=\frac{\mathrm{12444∟444}}{81}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{1}{2}=\frac{80}{81}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{12680-\mathrm{12444∟44444}}{81}=\frac{\mathrm{235∟55555}}{81}\\ ={\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}}\phantom{=\frac{15.06161616}{9}=\mathrm{1∟673515151515}}\frac{\mathrm{26∟1728395}}{9}=\mathrm{2,9080932}\\ \begin{array}{r}0.4635944\\ 134\\ 4\\ \overline{0.4636082}& (\mathrm{86,00}\phantom{000}\\ \underline{4316}\phantom{000}& -7\phantom{000}\\ 32008\phantom{0}& 21\frac{1}{2}\text{ years.}\\ 3237\phantom{00}\\ -362\phantom{0}\end{array}\end{array}$

The 11,000000^l will be paid off by 100000 pr an in 37 $\frac{1}{2}$ years. The 35∟000000 by 900000 p^r an in 21 $\frac{1}{2}$ years & by 1000000 per an in 20 years & half a quarter. And the 13500000^l by 75000^l per an in 46 years.

$\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{a}=18750\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{e}=\mathrm{1∟0125}\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{B}={13500000}^{\text{l}}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}}=\frac{1350000}{1875}=\frac{10800}{15}=\frac{2160}{3}=720=\frac{19440}{27}=\frac{58329}{81}\\ \frac{\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{e}}=\frac{57600}{81}=\frac{6400}{9}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{1}{\mathrm{e}}=\frac{80}{81}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{58400-57600}{81}=\frac{800}{81}=\mathrm{9∟87654321}\text{. Log. }0.9946046\\ \begin{array}{rrr}0.005395)& 0.9946046\phantom{00}& (\mathrm{184∟35}\\ & \underline{\phantom{0}5355\phantom{0}}\phantom{0000}& & 3550.\phantom{0000}\\ & 45510\phantom{0000}& 46.\phantom{000}\\ & \underline{43160}\phantom{0}146& \text{.}42\colon\colon 72.21& \colon\colon 355\phantom{00000}& \mathrm{1021.4.}\frac{3}{4}\text{.}\\ & 2350\phantom{0000}& 7100\phantom{000}& 1065\phantom{00000}\\ & \underline{2158}\phantom{0000}& 355\phantom{000}& 7455\phantom{000000}& (\mathrm{1021∟23289}\\ & 19246\phantom{00}& & 155\phantom{000000}& \mathrm{4,6578}\\ & \underline{16185}\phantom{00}& & 90\phantom{00000}& \underline{\phantom{00}1315}\\ & 3061\phantom{00}& & 170\phantom{0000}& 7893\\ & & & 240\phantom{000}\\ & & & 210\phantom{00}\\ & & & 64\phantom{00}\\ & & & \underline{584}\phantom{0}\\ & & & 560\end{array}\phantom{00}\begin{array}{rr}742& 324\\ \underline{212\phantom{0}}& \underline{720}\\ 2862& 1044\\ \underline{\phantom{0}720}\\ 3582\\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \end{array}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{llll}{242}^{\text{dwt}}={62}^{\text{s}}\text{.}\phantom{0}111={31}^{\text{s}}={124}^3\phantom{00}& 111)& 124(\mathrm{1∟117117}& \phantom{00}{8}^{\text{dwt}}=2^{\text{s}}\text{. }{2}^{\text{d}}\mathrm{∟81.}\\ & & \phantom{0}130\\ & & {1903}^{\text{d}}\mathrm{∟351351}=1^{\text{dwt}}\\ & & \phantom{0000}26\\ & & \phantom{0}790810808\\ & & \phantom{00}130\end{array}$

A pound weight new Plate is better then a pound weight old plate by 8^dwt fine silver that is 2^s. 2^d∟8108. And 1^dwt of fine silver is worth 3$\frac{7}{20}$

And a pound of new plate is worth 3^l. 4^s. 2^d∟8108. And an ounce of new plate is worth 5^s. 4^d∟23423 or 5^s. 4^d$\frac{1}{4}$.

$\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{3∟351351}=3^{\text{d}}\text{.}\frac{1}{4}\text{.}\frac{1}{16}\text{.}\frac{1}{32}\text{.}\frac{1}{64}\text{ or }{3}^{\text{d}}\frac{1}{3}\text{ or }3{\frac{7}{2\mathrm{a}}}^{\text{d}}\\ \phantom{000}10135\\ \phantom{0000}4010\\ \phantom{0000}30625\\ \phantom{00000}9475\end{array}$

Phrixus & Helle were the children of Athamas the brother of Peneres Sisyphus & Magnes And these three were the sons of Æolus the son of Hellen
[ took Ætolia from the Curetes & was expelled by Pelops.] Endymion took Ætolia from the Curetes & left it to his son Æetolus] & took Ætolia from Ætolus the younger son of Endymion

1. ^v Celeus king of Eleusis was the son of Rharus the son of Cranaus the successor of Cecrops an Egyptian who married Agraulos the daughter of Actæus. And therefore Cecrops came into Greece about three generation of 90 years before Ceres, & by consequence in the High-priesthood of Eli.

2. ^v Car the son of Phoroneus the son of Inachus built a Temple to Cerus in Megara & this was in imitation of the Temple of Ceres in Eleusis, & therefore Inachus who gave his name to the river Inachus was contemporary to Cecrops & might come into Greece at the same time.

4 ^v Areas the son of Callisto the daughter of Lycaon the son of Æzeus, or as some say of Pelasgus, received corn from Triptolemus & taught his people to make bread of it & so did Eumelus the first king of Achaia: & therefore Areas & Eumelus were contemporary to Triptolemus, & Lycaon to Cranaus & Ezeus & Pelasgus to Cecrops.

⁴Endymion was the son of Aëthlius the son of Protogenia the sister of Hellen & daughter of Deucalion. ² Phrixus & Helle the children of Athamas the brother of Sisyphus & son of Hellen fled from their stepmother Ino the daughter of Cadmus to Ætes at Colchos presently after the return of Sesostris into Ægypt. And Iason the Argonaut was the son of Æson the son of Critheus the son of Æolus the son of Hellen. And by these circumstances Hellen was about one & Deucalion about two generations older then Erechtheus. They could not be much older because Xuthes the youngest son of Hellen married Creusa the daughter of Erechtheus & their younger son Ion upon the death of Ceres commended the army of the Athenians against the Eleusinians; nor much younger because Cephalus the son of Deioneus the son of Ælus the son of Hellen married Procris the {illeg} daughter of Erechtheus & Procris fled from her husband to Minos.

5 ^v Acrisius & Pretus were the sons of Abas the son of Lynceus. But this Lynceus was not the same with the son of Ægyptus the brother of Danaus but an Æyptian as old as Inachus & Cecrops. Abas built Abæ in Phocis.

3 ^v Eurydice & her brother Amyclas were the children of Lacedæmon & Sparta & Lacedæmon was the son of Tayyeta & Sparta the daughter of Eurotas the son or brother of Myles the older brother of Polycaon & son of Lelex.~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Myles succeeded his father Lelex in in Elis & Polycaon married Messene the daughter of Triopas the son of Phorbas the brother Pirasus & invaded Messene then peopled only by villaes & built cities therein & called it Messene after the name of his wife. Myles set up a Quern or hand mill to grind corn & is reputed the first who did so in Greece; but he seems to have had his corn from Egypt.

6 ^v Aegialeus the first King of Sicyon was the brother of Phoroneus & son of Inachus. He died without issue & after him After him reigned Europs, Telchim Apis, Lamedon, Sicyon &c. successively Apis was the son of Niobe the daughter of Phoroneus. The Poets say that he was the son of Iupiter & Niobe the first woman with whom Iupiter lay. The Greeks feign that Apis went into Egypt & there became the God whom the God whom the Egyptians {know as} Serapis & Osiris. And therefore in the opinion of the ancient Greek the the reign of Apis in Greece preceded that of Apis in Egypt, Apis Epaphus & Epopeus are one & the same man we have placed his death upon the 10 year of Solomon. And {so} Inachus who was three generations older might flourish in the days of Eli as above. Apis Epaphus & Epopeus are one & the same king. Epopeus was slain about the 10^th year of Solomon as above & Inachus who was three generations older might flourish in the days of Eli, as above

2A Erechtheus succeeded Cranaus about the middle of Davids reign & e Varro^[13] the marbles place the flood of Deucalion in the reign of Cranaus. Between Cranallus & Erechtheus by the service of the King of Athens Chronologers place Amphictyon Erechthonius & Pandion. By Ampictyon I suppose they mean the son of Deucalion. For the Marbles say that Deucalion fled from the flood to Athens in the reign of Cranaus & place the reign of Amyphatyon at Thermopylæ seven years after the coming of Cadmus into Greece thre years after that. Deucalion might fly to Athens & his son Amphityon succeeded him at Thermopylæ & Hellen in Phthiotis without interrupting putting an endthe reign of Cranaus. And as for Erecthonius & his son Pandion I take them to be the same kings with Erechtheus & his son Pandion the names being only respected with a little variation. For Erecthonius (he that was the son of the earth nursed up by Minerva) is by Homer called Erechtheus. And Themistuis (Orat.XIX) tells us that it was Erectheus who first joyned chariot to horses. . And Plato alluding to Erechthenius in a basket saith, the people of magnanimous Erechtheus is beautiful, but it behoves us to behold him taken out

7 ^rOgyges according^2[14]Acusilaus flourished in the reign of Phoroneus 1020 years before the first Olympiad: But they were both much later. To call things Ogygian has been a phrase among the Greeks to signify that they are as old as the first memory of things: & therefore we may reccon Ogyges as old at least as Inachus, Lelex, Æzeus, Pelasgus, Actæus, Lynceus, & their contemporaries, & so place the flood of Ogyges in their days & in the days of Eli the High Priest and Iudge of Israel. Eleusina the son of Ogyges is said to have built the city Eleusine in Attica. He might begin to build a few houses of clay which in time might grow into a city.

Upon the death of Hellen his youngest son Xuthus was expelled Thessaly by his brothers Æolus & Dorus & fled to Theseus & married Creusa the daughter of Amchtheus & their younger son Ion grew up before the death of Erectheus. And therefore Hellen died about one generation before Erechtheus,

Celeus king of Eleusis who was contemporary to Erechtheus was the son of Rharus the son of Cranaus, & in the reign of Cranaus, Deucalion & his sons Hellen & Amphictyon fled from the flood into Attica & there, obteined seats, & Amphictyon married the daughter of Cranaus & therefore was contemporary to Rharus & one generation older then Celeus & Erechtheus. By him and Acrisius the Amphictyonic council was erected & this seems to have been done into & it seems to have been done about the middle of Davids reign. Not much earlier because it was erected by ancient men & for the safety of Greece aginst forreign invasions. Nor much later because the reign of Amphictyon ended before that of Erechtheus began.

Between the reign of Amphictyon & Erechtheus Chronologers place Erechthonius & Pædion, & so make Amphictyon older then is here represented. But I take Erechthonius & his son Pandion to be the same men with Erectheus & his son Pandion, the names being only repeated with a little variation. For Erechthonius (he that was - - - him taken out. Erechtheus therefore immediately succeeded Amphictyon. Some say that Amphictyon deposed Cranaus & was deposed by Erechthonius, that is by Erechtheus He deposed Cranaus therefore a little after the flood of Deucalion & was deposed by Erechtheus a little after the institution of the Amphictionic Council.

3A Lycurgus Cepheus & Augeo were the children of Aleus the son of Aphidamus the son of Areas the son of Callisto the daughter of Lycaon. Auge lay with Hercules & Anceaus the son of Lycurgus was an Argonaut & Cephus was his governour during that expedition, & Creuraus staid at home to look after his {aged} father Aleus & toas therefore at that time an old man suppose of {about} 65 or 70 years of age. Areas being two generations older then Aleus, might be born about the beginning of Davids reign. He received corn from Tripolemus & this might & before the middle of Solomons reign. His grandfather Lycaon had many children & therefore lived long & so mighty see some of his grandchildren grow up & the Poets place the flood of Deucalion immediately after his death,

theus could not be much older. For Calais & Zetes – – – – Argonauts. Erectheus being an Egyptian sent for corn from Egypt & for that benefaction was at length made king of Athens. Whether Ceres came then from Egypt to take care of the corn & prepare it for food or was a woman of Libya or Sicily is uncertain. She pretended to come in quest of her daughter, & her coming may be placed upon the 25^th or 30^th of David & her death upon

Erectheus could not be much older because his daughter Procris conversed with Minos king of Crete & his grandson Thespis had fifty daughters who lay with Hercules & his daughter Orithya was the mother of Calais & Zetes two of the Argonauts, & his son Orneus was the father of Peteos the father of Menestheus who warred at Troy: nor much younger because his second son Pandion who deposed his elder brother Cecrops was the father of Ægeus the father of Theseus; & his son Metion was the father of Eupalamus the father of Dædalus who was older then Theseus; & his daughter Creusa married Xuthus the son of Hellen, & was the mother of Achæus the father of Archander & Archilites who married two of the daughters of Danaus & had warrs with Lamedon above about ten years after the death of Solomon. Erechtheus being an Egyptian procured corn from Egypt & for that benefaction was at length made king of Athens. Whether Ceres was an Egyptian or came from Sicily may be doubted. She pretended to come in quest of her daughter but might come from Egypt to take care of the corn & prepare it for food. We cannot err much if we place her coming about the 25^th of Davids reign & the dispersion of corn by Triptolemus about ten years after & the death of Erechtheus & institution of the Eleusinia sacra about the 10^th year of Solomon.

Apis the third or fourth king of Sicyon was the great grandson of Ægialeus by the fathers side & the grandson of

Cecrops at Athens contemporary to Lycaon the son of Pelasgus Pausan l. 8. c. 2.

In ludis Olympicis Iupiter cum Saturno luctatus est Pausan ib.

Pelasgus, Lycnon, Nyctenus, Arcas, Azan, Clitor, Æpytus, Athens the father of Auge, Lycurgus, Echemus, Agapenor reigned successivly in Arcadia Pausan ib.

Lelex came from Ægypt, the father of Cleson the father of Pylas, the father of Scyron who married          the daughter of Pandion & contended with Nisus the son of Pandion for the kingdom & Agaius adjudged it to Nisus. Pausan l. 1. c. 8.

Eadem {illeg} ætate Cecrops Athenis & Lyceaon in Arcadia regnarunt Pausan l. 8. c. 2.

$\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{A}+\mathrm{e}\mathrm{A}+\mathrm{e}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{A}+{\mathrm{e}}^3\mathrm{A}+{\mathrm{e}}^4\mathrm{A}+{\mathrm{e}}^5\mathrm{A}+{\mathrm{e}}^6\mathrm{A}+{\mathrm{e}}^7\mathrm{A}+{\mathrm{e}}^8\mathrm{A}+{\mathrm{e}}^9\mathrm{A}+{\mathrm{e}}^{10}\mathrm{A}\text{\&c}+{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}}\mathrm{A}=\mathrm{B}\text{.}\\ \text{in }\frac{\mathrm{e}-1}{\mathrm{e}-1}=\frac{-\mathrm{A}+{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}+1}\mathrm{A}}{\mathrm{e}-1}=\mathrm{B}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{B}-\mathrm{B}+\mathrm{A}}{\phantom{\mathrm{o}}\mathrm{A}}={\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{n}+1}={\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{m}}=\frac{\mathrm{e}-1\mathrm{X}\mathrm{B}+\mathrm{A}}{\mathrm{A}}=\phantom{\frac{1+3}{}}\mathrm{e}=\mathrm{1∟0125}\text{. }\mathrm{e}-1=\mathrm{0∟0125}=\frac{1}{80}\\ \text{First}\phantom{0}\mathrm{A}={100000}^{\text{l}}\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{B}={\mathrm{11,000000}}^{\text{l}}\text{.}\phantom{00}\mathrm{A}\mathrm{B}\colon\colon \mathrm{e}-1=\frac{1}{80}\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{e}-1\mathrm{X}\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{A}}=\frac{100000}{880000000}=\frac{1}{88}\\ \frac{\mathrm{e}-1\mathrm{X}\mathrm{B}}{\mathrm{A}}=\frac{\mathrm{11,000000}}{8000000}=\frac{\mathrm{B}}{80\mathrm{A}}\text{.}\phantom{0}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{m}}=1+\frac{\mathrm{B}}{80\mathrm{A}}=2+\frac{3}{8}\\ \mathrm{A}=25000\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{B}=11000000\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{e}-1=\frac{1}{80}\text{.}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{m}}=\frac{11000000}{2000000}+1=6\frac{1}{2}\text{.}\phantom{0}\text{Log.}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{m}}=0.8129133\text{.}\phantom{0}\text{Log. }\mathrm{e}=0.00539506\\ \begin{array}{rrrr}.0053951\text{.}& 0.8129133& \phantom{00}0.8129133& (\underline{150.68}\phantom{0}\\ & -\underline{\phantom{000}53951}& \underline{53951\phantom{00}}& \mathrm{37.2∟68}\\ & 0.8075182& 2734033\\ & & \underline{2697543}\\ & & 36490\\ & & \underline{32370}\\ & & 4120\end{array}\\ \mathrm{A}=225000\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{B}=35000000\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{B}}{80\mathrm{A}}+1={\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{m}}=\frac{35000000}{18000000}+1=\frac{53}{18}=\mathrm{2∟9444444}\\ \begin{array}{rrr}\text{Log. }{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{m}}=0.4689968+62=& 0.4690130\phantom{0}& \text{.}\phantom{0}(87\phantom{0}\\ & \underline{4316048}\phantom{00}\\ & 374082\phantom{0}& 21\frac{3}{4}\\ & 3776542\end{array}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{lll}\mathrm{A}=250000\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{B}=35000000\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{B}}{80\mathrm{A}}=\frac{35}{20}=1\frac{3}{4}\text{.}\phantom{0}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{m}}=2\frac{3}{4}\text{.}\phantom{0}\text{Log. }{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{m}}=& 0.4393326& (\mathrm{81∟32}\\ & \phantom{0}\underline{4316048}\\ & \phantom{000}77278& {20}^{\text{y}}\text{. }{\mathrm{1∟435}}^{\text{Qr}}\\ \mathrm{A}=\phantom{0}{18750}^{\text{.}}\text{.}\phantom{0}\mathrm{B}=13500000\text{.}\phantom{0}\frac{\mathrm{B}}{80\mathrm{A}}=\frac{135}{15}=\frac{27}{3}=\frac{9}{\phantom{10}}\text{.}\phantom{0}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{m}}=10\text{.}& \phantom{000}\underline{53951}\\ \text{Log }{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{m}}=1\text{.}\phantom{0}0.00539506\left)\mathrm{1∟00000000}\right(\mathrm{185∟3548}& \phantom{000}23327\\ \phantom{0000000000000000000000}\underline{539506\phantom{00}}& \phantom{000}\underline{21580}\\ \phantom{0000000000000000000000}46049400\phantom{00}46\text{ year}\phantom{0}{\mathrm{1∟3548}}^{\text{Qr}}& \phantom{0000}1747\\ \phantom{0000000000000000000000}\underline{4316048}& \phantom{0000}\underline{16185}\\ \phantom{00000000000000000000000}288892& \phantom{00000}1285\\ \phantom{00000000000000000000000}\underline{269753}\\ \phantom{000000000000000000000000}19141\\ \phantom{000000000000000000000000}\underline{16185}\\ \phantom{0000000000000000000000000}2956\\ \phantom{0000000000000000000000000}\underline{2698}\\ \phantom{00000000000000000000000000}258\end{array}$

Jews b{e}gan their year in with the near Moon w {Equin}ox or within 15 days before or after it. This year they being the beginning thereof from the autumnal equinox to the vernal {so to make}, & {t}heir sphere & the Greeks in theirs might place the Equinox & y signes For the masters of Palamedes were Egyptians, & For the Greeks h{illeg} {Egy}pt. & began the Olympic year {in} {illeg} summer solstice

Eudoxus travelled into Egypt & having conversed with Astronomers of {illeg} wrote a book of the Constellations wherein Coluri Æquinoctiorum & Solstiorum as his Commentator Hipparchus Bithynus tells us pass through the middles of the asteri{sms} Arius, Cancer, Chela & Capricorn, following therein the doctrine of the the first Astro{nomers} ={illeg}t formed the Celestial sphere. But the Zodiac being unequally divid{ed} Asterisms, its now very difficult to assigne exactly the middles of the asterism{s} {ed form thence]} the Equinoxes & Solstices were then placed, & it may be sufficient to truth. For which end let us in every Asterism of the Zodiac (except {Li}bra & S{corpio} {which ori}ginally were but one Asterism) [& Cor Scorpio (a star of the {{illeg}^th magnitude} {in the mi}ddle of Scorpio,] & the middle between the middles of Cancer & Capricorn {bet}ween this middle & the middle of Sagittary for the middle of Scorpio And let the Ecliptic be divided into 12 equal parts or signes so division may fall as neare as can be upon the middles of the Aster{isms} 8 years one way may equal the summ of the erro {division} which fall {in} or neare the middles of Aries C in the sph{ere}

The Case between the Queen & M^r Frith is in my
opinion as follows

M^r Frith imported into the Mint at Chester 19 parcels of hammered money for which the Master & Worker of that Mint gave him 19 Receipts or Tickets expressing the weight of each parcel.

The first 15 Tickets were paid off after the rate of ^s p^r oz & endorsed before the 26^t of Iuly      1697. And the last payment was made the following occasion. M^r Lewis making up his Accounts to M^r Halley Comptroller of that Mint delivered in account of money in his hands for paying off part of the last of those Tickets whereupon M^r Halley stopt accounting till that arrear was paid off that the Account might run clear to that time & then M^r Lewis paid off that Ticket & brought it to M^r Halley endorsed.

Soon afterwards M^r Lewis for throwing a leaden standish at the Wardens Head was removed from his buisiness, & M^r Williams took the cash into his hands and paid M^r Fryth 400^£ in part of the 16^th Ticket N^o 149. videlicet 18^th Aug 300^£ & 21^th Aug 100^£ videlicet 18. August £ 300... 24 th {illeg}{d^o} £ 100 – upon two Notes drawn by M^r Frith on the officers of the Mint.

Aug the 24^th. M^r Lewis returning to his busines in the Mint took the Cash out of William's hands, & paid M^r frith August 31^{st}. £ 100.– & September 7^th. £ 200.– & then Octob 25 accounting with M^r Fryth delivered back the two receipts of that 100^£ & 200^£ & gave him also a Note upon M^r Clark for 507^£ 10^s more & in lieu thereof took upon the back of the 15^th & 16^th Tickets M^r Fryths Receipts of 807^£ 10^s by way of discharge of those Tickets which amounted just to that summ: 400^£ but M^r Fryth notes upon which he had rd 400 ^£ of Williams remained still in the Mint M^r Fryth forgetting to account for that Money & M^r Lewis not knowing that Williams had paid it.

Afterwards Vpon the Note for 507^£ 10^s M^r Fryth received 500 by three notes he drew on the Mint. videlicet octob. 26.^th £ 150... November 19^th £300... & December 4^th£ 50.– which with 700^£ received before makes up 1200^£ paid him in money out of that Mint since the discharge of his first 15 Tickets & then M^r Halley discovered that the first 400^£ of this money paid by Williams had been pocketed by Fryth without accounting for it, or endorsing it on the Tickets, & when Fryth demanded more money upon the two lost Tickets he was answered that he had already received more then was due to him.

At length M^r Fryth petitioning the late Lords Commissioners of the Treasury for an allowance in his Accounts upon the 2 last Tickets not yet endorsed & & the matter being referred [first to the Commissioners of Excise & then to the Officers of the Mint,] M^r Fryth pretended that the 400^£ which he reconned of Williams was paid not upon any of the four last Tickets but upon an old Note: Whence also it appears that this summ of 400^£ was no part of the 307^£ 10^s endorsed upon the 16 & 17^th Tickets but still remains to be accounted for

M^r Fryth therefore stands charged under his own hand by his Notes with the receipt of 400^£ of Williams & by his receipts endorsed on the the 16^th & 17^th Tickets which the receipt of 807^£. 10^s of Lewis & m

Seing therefore M^r Fryth avoyds being examined & alows nothing but what is under his hand. I beleive he should be charged in his Accounts now depending . 1^st with the receipt of the moneys endorsed on the backside of his first 15 Tickets, then with the receipt of 400^£ of Williams by two Notes still standing out against him & lastly with the receipt of 807^£. 10^s endorsed on the back side of the 16^th & 17^th Tickets, & that he discharge himself by his 19 Tickets or otherwise as he can.

The first ages counting their years by returns of Summer & winter seedtime & harvest, & minding the yearly products of the earch, they would be apt to end their year with the ingathering of the ripe fruits of the earth & begin the next year with gardening till age setting pruning & sowing in order to a new harvest & ingathering, referring to one & the same year the whole growth of all the fruits of that year. Hence the oldest years of the Greeks began in winter & the year which the Hebrews brought out of Egypt began in autumn & so did the Æra Seleucidarum Alexandræ & Antiochena & Arabica. But upon new occasions the Epocha has now been changed from winter to summer & from autumn to spring. So Moses changed the beginning of Iewish year And so the Egyp tians might change the beginning of theirs. And if the Egyptians began their 365 days at either of the Equinoxes at its first institution it was either instituted by Memnon or was older then Moses

By the constant & unanimous tradition of the Greeks Memnon was contempory to the childrē of Priam. They tell us that he was the son of Tithonus the brother of Priam & came to the war of Troy Homer Pindar Pausanias Diodorus & others say that he was slain at Troy by Achilles. If about the time of that war or immediately after he came into Phrygia not to assist the Trojans but in carrying on his conquests this might give occasion to the Greeks to report him slain by their Hero: but if he had not lived in that age there could haven been no pretense for the story. Pausanias – – – weapons. If we may suppose Memnon born a year or two after Tithonus went captive into Thebais & theforee feigned by the Greeks to be the son of Tithonus: he might be about 26 years old when he retired from Memphys into Ethiopia, 40 when he drave the Iews out of Egypt 50 when he came from Susa into Asia minor conquering all the nations before him & 74 when he constituted the new year of 365 days.

Between Memnon & Mæris Diodorus places one Vchoreus & says that he built Memphis & fortified it to admiration with a mighty rampart of earth & a broad & deep trench which was filled with the water of the Nile & built Palaces in it: & that this place was so commodiously pitched upon by the builder that most of the kings who reigned after him preferred it before Thebes & removed the Court thence to this place, so that the magnificence of Thebes from that time began to decrease & Memphys to increase till Alexander kind of Macedon built Alexandria. By these works I take Vchoreus to be either Memnon himself or one of his Princes. For the Deputy Govern{ors} of Egypt are sometimes recconed amongst the kings.

Proposals for co{yning} {illeg} farthings for {illeg}the {illeg} Plantations {illeg}

That copper half pence & farthings be coyned in the Tower for the Plantations in America according to the intrinsic value of Copper in the several Plantations & charge of coynage, which charge will be about 6^d per pound weight.

That the forthings be stamped on the reverse with such a stamp as shall be agreed upon by the Governours & Councels of the several Plantations with the approbation of the Council of Trade .

That they be sent in her Majestys men of War & convoys in such quantitys only as the Governours of the several Plantations or their Order shall from time to desire by their letters so that the Planatations may neither want nor be overstocked.

That a premium be allowed suppose of 2 or 3 per cent if her Majesty pleases to those men who shal receive them [out of the ship & pay the or Captain of the ship for them.] from the Captain of the Ship & pay the Captain for them

When Sabacon invaded Egypt, the Egyptians were divided into several kingdoms one at Memphys another at Tanis or Zoan a third at Sais. Two of these are thus mentioned by Isaias.

At Memphys reigned Gnephachthus & his son Boccharis successively – – – – Egyptians hated him. In his days Sabacon invaded Egypt & took him & burnt him alive.

At Tarris reigned Anysis & he fled from Sabacon into the fenny places of Egypt weare Pelusium & there lay hid for some time in the Isle Elbo.

At Sais reigned Stephanates Necepsos & Nechus successively. Necepsos with one Petosiris is reputed the inventor of Iudicial Astrology & the first that wrote the art of predicting by the stars. Sabacon or one of his successors slew Nechus & made his son Psammiticus fly into Syria

So then the Monarchy of Egypt in the reign of those kings who built the Pyramids – – – – & afterwards by the Assyrians.

When Sabacon invaded Egypt a body of Egyptians fled into Babylonia ^a[15] Hestiæus thus mentions this transmigration: The Priests who escaped (that is who escaped the the inundation of Egypt     ) taking the sacra of Iupiter Enyalius came into Senaar a field of Babylonia. Iupiter Enyalius is Ammon or Belus Martius. Diodorus describes this transmigration more fully saying that Belus the son of Neptune & Libya led a colony into Babylon, & placing his seat at Euphrates instituted Priests after the manner of the Egyptians exempt from taxes & public duties which the Babylonians call Chaldeans, who observe the stars after the example of the Priests & Philosophers & Astrologers of Egypt. This colony carried

M^r Lewis entered in his Cash book]

Aug 24 97 Received the ballance of Williams Acc 136. 14. 10 Aug. 31 Paid Cha Fryth in part 100.00.00 Sept 7 Paid Cha. Fryth in part 200.00.00

The Iews say that Manasseh was captivated {illeg} reign which is the 70^th year of Nabonassar. be presumed that & Egypt lying beyon Iudea may may be presumed to be conquered afterward: so that the Ethiopians reigned over Egypt about 70 or 75 years before they were conquered by the Assyrians.

with them the year of the Egyptians & founded the Æra of Nabonassar whose years have the very same Thoth with the years of Egypt. Whence we may reccon that Sabacon invaded Egypt about the time that the æra of Nabonassar began.

The reign of the Ethiopians according to Herodotus lasted 50 years – – – in behalf of Hezekiah (2 King 18.21, 24 & 19.9) And therefore Tirhakah succeeded Sua between the 4 & 14 year of Hezekiah, that is between the 24^th & 34^th year of Nabonassar. Count backwards the 14 years reign of Sua & 12 years reign of Sabacon & the recconing will place Sabacons invasion of Egypt about the beginning of the Æra of Nabonassar as above.

Herodotus giving an account of the war of Senachenis saith, that saith that Setho

With respect to this war Diodorus tells us of a tradition that the inhabitants of interior Africa once making an impression upon Egypt caused a great part of the land to become void of inhabitants. And Higynus:^[16] Afri et Ægyptij primum fustibus dimicaverunt: postea Belus Neptuni filius gladio belligeratus est unde bellum dictum. The              Ethiopians used clubs till the time of the Roman Empire, & its probale that the rest of the Ethiopians used them till Belus that is Amenoph whom the Greeks call Memnon taught them the use of swords. Hence Hercules who reigned over Chus is painted with a club.

In this war

The Ethiopians being checkt in their progress eastward.

Considering that Zerah had Libyans in his army, it seems to me that he conquered Libya before he led his army against the Iews & by this character he should be the Egyptian Hercules whom the Atlantides call Saturn For Hercules first slew Antæus in Libya & then went into Egypt & slew Busiris, & therefore he invaded the Kingdō of Antæus & conquered him before he invaded Egypt. But being repulsed in Iudea he turned his arms westward & fitting out a fleet invaded Sicily Italy, & the western coasts on both sides the mediterranean, going as far as the mouth of that sea where he set up pillars as Sesostris had done in the east. Pausanias tells us that the first who passed in ships into the Island Sardinia were the Libyans under the command of Sardus the son of Maceris, & that Sardus was by the, Egyptians & Libyans called Hercules, & carried into Sardinia a colony of Libyans who did not drive out the old inhabitants but mixed with them. The Egyptian Hercules therefore became Lord of Libya & thence invaded the coasts of the mediterranean. They tell us that Hercules first slew Antæus in Libya & then went into Egypt & slew Busiris. After these conquests I reccon th the Ethiopians invaded Iudea becaus there were Libyans as well as Ethiopians in the army of Zerah. But this army being repulsed Hercules turned his arms westward & from the coasts of Libya invaded Sardinia, Sicily, Italy & the western regions on both sides the Mediterranean going as far as the mouth of that Sea where he set up pillars as Sesostris had done in the east.

Let Mephibosheth & Solomon be supposed 20 years old at the birth of their eldest sons (for if either of them was older the other must be younger) & the victory of David over the Ammonites & Syrians will fall upon the 16^th year of his reign.

May it please yo^e Lordship


If W desists, N will gain about 17 votes in Trin. Coll & 4 or 5 in other Colleges, & A will lose 4 or 5 votes or above in T.C. & gain 2, or 3 in other colleges: So that A & N will be about equal. And G will gain 18 20 votes in T.C. & 12 or 15 or perhaps 20 in other Colleges, & therefore will be able to spare 10 or 15 votes, which would secure N. But while the vogue is against N his interest decreases.

A & W depend more upon uncertain votes then G & N

Mephibosheth was 5 years old at the death of Saul & had a young son when David sent for him to eat at his Table & after that Nahash the king of Ammon died & {th}e next year David made war upon his son Hanun the son of Nahash & beat the Ammonites & Syrians & the third year destroyed the Ammonites & beseiged Rabbah their capital city & lay with Bathsheba & the 4^th year Bathsheba had a son who died & the 5^t year Solomon was born & after his birth Rabbah was taken, & a year before the death of David Rehoboam was born.

M^r Lord

I have inclosed an account of the votes for Burgesses of the University as I stated it for my self when last at Cambridge. [About a month or 5 weeks ago I had a prospect of some more votes which are since gone off to M^r Annesly by reason the vogue is against me & since the making] Since the stating of this Account two or 3 votes are gone off from me to A, so that A is now about 26 or 28 votes above me, but this interest depends more upon out-lyers then mine.

If W should desist I should gain about 17 votes in Trin. Coll. & 4 or 5 in other colleges & A might lose 4 or 5 votes or above in Trin College & gain 2 or 3 in other Colleges, . And M^r G would gain about 24 votes in Trin. College & about 12 or 15 or perhaps 20 in other Colleges & so would be able to spare 10 or 15 votes which would secure me. I should scarce have wanted this last assistance had W desisted before the rising of the Parliament

For the opposition of W & of the vogue of lateagainst me of late my friends & checkt have disso{}lved diminished my interest & inclined indifferent persons against me.

I do not expect that W. will desist, he declares he will not, & they reccon at Cambridge that he is under very firm obligations to A. But I have stated this matter to your Lordship, being better preparedto do it now I have looked over my papers then on Wednesday when your Lordship last askt me about it I am

This history of Carthage the Romans without doubt had from the Carthaginians whom they conquered. Elissa was the original genuine name of Dido. Carthage was – – 16^th year of Pigmaleon. [Dido laid the foundation in the 7^th year of Pigmaleon & celebrated the dedication Encænia 9 years after.] The foundation of the city was laid in the 7^th year of Pigmalion but the Æra thereof commenced with the Dedication.

My

Your

Pausanias tells us that the Eleans called in Phidon & together with him celebrated the 8^th Olympiad, but Herodotus that Phidon removed the Elians. And if Phidon was their enemy its more likely that he assisted assisted the Pisæans & celebrated the 49^th Olympiad, that being the time where Herodotus places him.

It's probable that they were kings of several cities in the territory of Agos or perhaps of several cities called Argos, for there were many cities called by this name. They could not be successive kings of one & the same Argos reigning between Phoroneus & Acisius ‡ < insertion from f 33r > ‡ for some of them as Sthenelus, Danaus & Lyn were later then Perseus the grandson of Acrisius & others as Pirasus, Phorbas & Triopas were contempoary to Inachus & Phoroneus. For Polycaon the younger son of Lelex married Messene the daughter of Triopas the son of Phorbas & therefore Phorbas & his brother Pirasus were as old as Lelex who was older then Inachus. Argus was reputed the granchild of Phoroneus & for that reason flourished after Acrisius if there was such a man the Epaphus or Epopeus mention above. Iasus was the father of that Io who was carried into Egypt & therefore is written corruptly for Inachus, ] as is evident also from Hyginus (Fab 145) who writes it not Iasus but Inachus as if there were an Inachus & Io much later then the father & sister of Phoroneus. Apis is the Epaphus or Epopeus mentioned above & whether he was king of Argos may be doubted for if he was two generations younger then Phoroneus he was younger then Acrisius. < text from f 32v resumes > for some of them as Pirasus Phorbas & Treopas were contermporary to Inachus & Phoroneus & others as Danaus & Lynceus were later then Perseus the grandson of Acrisius, & Sthenelus who proceeded Danaus seems to be the son of Perseus Polycaon the younger son of Lelex married Messene the daughter of Triopas the son of Phorbas & therefore Phorbas & his brother Pirasus were as old as Lelex who was older then Inachus. ☉ < insertion from f 33r > < text from f 32v resumes > Iasus was the father of that Io who was carried into Egypt & therefore was written corruptly for Inachus. For Hyginus (Fab 145) instead of Triopas Iasus writes Triopas Inachus Io <33r> ,

And from the 12^t year of Hiram exclusively in which he saith the Temple was built to the

And from the founding of the Temple in the 12^th year of Hiram & 4^th year of Solomon to the building of Tyre in the 7^th year of Pigmaleon exclusively he reccons 143 years 8 months counting by mistake the 53 years of Hirams life in lieu of the 34 years of his reign. If that mistake be corrected there were 124 years 8 months from the founding of the Temple in the 4^th year of Solomon to the building of Tyre in the 7^th year of Pigmaleon, & therefore Pygmaleon began his reign 118 years after the founding of the Temple 96 years 8 months after Hiram who reigned 34 years & in whose the end of eleventh or beginning of his twelft year the Temple of Solomon was founded. Iosephus indeed reccons 143 years 8 months from the founding of the Temple to the founding of Carthage But in this recconing he counts the 53 years of the life of Hiram instead of the 34 years of his reign & if the recconning be duly corrected there will be but 124 y 8^m from the founding of the Temple to the founding of Carthage or 7^th year of Hiram exclusively, so that Matgenus died 118^y 8^m after the founding of the Temple

Iosephus ^s reccons that Hiram & his successors reigned 155 y 8^m till the beginning of the 7^th year of Pigmaleon in which Carthage was built. And deducting the first eleven years of Hiram which preceded the building of Solomons Temple he sayth that from the building ofthe Temple in the 2^d month of the fourth year of Solomon to the building of Carthage in the 7^th y of P there were 143^y 8^th but in this calculation Iosephus reccons the 53^y of Hirams life in lieu of the 34 years of his reign, which is 19 years too much. Let these 19 years be subducted & the 7^th year of Pigmaleon & building of Carthage will begin 124^y 8^m after the founding of the Temple that is 87^y 10^m after Solomons death. And therefore Matgenus died 81 years 10 ^months or in round numbers 82^y after Solomon & began his reign 73 years after it. Whence we may conclude that Troy was taken about 75 years after Solomons death or not above 4 or 5 yeares sooner or later.

& The Temple founded in the end of the 11^th or beginning of the 12^th year of Hirā And setting down the reigns of the severall kings of Tyre he reccons from the reign of Hiram (meaning from his birth) to the building of Tyre 155^y 8^m. Let the first 19 years of Hirā^s life which preceded his reign & the first 11 years of his reign which preceded the founding of the Temple be deducted & there will be 125^y 8^m from the founding of the T [in the 4^th year of Solom̄ in the 2^d month of the year] to the founding of Carthage 125^y 8^m as may be also gathered by summing up the years of the Kings of Tyre. Now the Temple being founded in the 4^th year of Solomon in the 2^d month of the year that is 36^y 10^m before his death, deduct those 36^y 10^m & Carthage will be founded 89 years after the death of Solomō & therefore Matgenus began his reign 74 years after the d of S. ended his r. 83 y. after it.

also called Sithonis from the city Sidon where the c{illeg} {illeg} for Libya Nonnus saith that they built an hundred walled cities on the coast of Libya; And that out of these cities many Libyans followed Bacchus in his wars. And thence it appears that the great Bacchus was later then Cadmus. There were a people in Thrace called Edones & Edomantes that is Edomites for Aristophanes tells us they were circumcised & loved leeks as the Iews & their neighbours did & its probable that these came with Cadmus

Sir

I understand that M^r Patrick is putting in to be you Representative in the next Parliament, & beleive that M^r Godolphin my Lord High Treasurers son will also stand. I do not intend to oppose either of them they being my friends, but being moved by some friends of very good note to write for my self. I beg the favour of you & the rest of my friends in the University to reserve a vote for me till I either write to you again or make you a visit, which will be in a short time, & you will thereby very much oblige

& Pelops the father of Pittheus the
And Pelops was born about the 10^th year of David: not much later because he was the father of Pittheus the father of Æthra, the father of Theseus, nor much sooner because he was the father of

Your most humble


and most obedient servant

Is. Newton. 2.

M^r Pain in the Temple in the furthest Square (a large square) next door to the golden ball up two pair of stairs. He is seal keeper to the Exchequer.

that is who dwelt in the mountain & valleys of Libanus, called Libanus & Antilibanus by the Greeks . For mount Hermon was in the eastern part of the Holy-land next Antilibanus & Hamath lay beyond Libanus. All this country to the entring of Hamath was conquered by David that is all Syro-Phœnicia or Cœlosyria. But Hamath was not conquered For Toy king of Hamath had wars with Hadadezar king of Zobah & congratulated David upon his victory over Hadadezar. Now the conquest of all this country

In this expedition of Cadmus it is to be conceived that there was a mixture of all the nations whom David had conquered & driven out, as of the children of Ammon who were confedarate with the Syrians, & of the Moabites & Amalekites & Edomites & Philistims, who were conquered before. For David destroyed the children of Ammon (2 Sam 11.1) & slew two thirds of Moab (2 Sam. 10.2) & every male in Edom those only excepted who fled to Egypt & other places (1 King 11.15, 16) & took Gath & her towns from the Philistims. And hence it is that {soon} the Phœnicians who came with Cadmus we meet with Arabians (Strabo l 10 p 447 & l 9 p 401) Erythræans or inhabitants of the red sea, that is Edomites. [Herodotus tells us that the Gephyreans as they themselves reported came originally from Erythræa. But, saith he, by inquiring I find that they were Phœnicians who came with Cadmus into Bœtia – – but were distinct They came therefore originally from Erythræa upon the red Sea & built Erythra in Bœtia. Herodotus adds that the Phœnicians who came with Cadmus of whom the Gephyreans were a part brought many doctrines into Greece & particularly letters. In Thrace there were a people called Edones & Odomantes that is Edomites, for Aristophanes tells us that they were circumcised whether these came with Cadmus may be enquired.] And the nations conquered & driven out by David, fled in great multitudes to seek new seats not only in Asia minor & Greece but also ion the sea coasts of Libya neare the Syrtes.

Iosephus mentions the League between Solomon & Hyram as entered in the Annals of Tyre & the expedition of Cadmus in quest of Europa was more memorable but voiage of Menelaus to Sidon was of so little consequence to the Tyrians that it may be doubted whether they entered it in their Annals. The Phenician Histori <34av> ans might note it from the Greeks histories as a thing done soon after the expedition of Cadmus. By this record of the Phœnicians, the rapture of Europa could not happen above 250 years before the building of Solomons Temple as the Greeks reccon, but it might happen very well in the reign of David where we have placed it, & is limit

{No}w this record of the three Phenicians Historians conjoyning the rapture of Europa & League of Solomon & Hiram within the compass on a Kings reign, is wholy inconsistent with the opinion of the Greeks who make the rapture of Europa about 260 years ancienter then that league but it suits perfectly well with our opinion that it was but about 25 years ancienter. So then we have the oldest & most authentic Chronologers on our side.

The building of Solomons Temple & Hirams assistance therein is mentioned.

Hirams friendship to David & the assistance he gave him in building the Temple of Ierusalem was recorded in the Annals of Tyre as Iosephus mentions & the expedition of Cadmus in quest of Europa was more memorable. But the voiage of

For the war was composed on these conditions that the Eleusinans in other things should be subject to the Athenians but should retain the initia to themselves & Eumolpus & the daughters of Celeus perform the sacrifices to the Goddesses Ceres & Proserpina. Pausan Attea p. 71. Ceres & Iris are by by Herodotus & others taken the same Goddes (Herod l. 2. c 59) which argues that in the opinion of the ancient Greeks they flourished about the same time.

& therefore Arcas reigned in Aradia in the latter part of Davids reign & Pelasgus in Peloponnesus three generations or about 80 years before, that is in the latter part of the highpriesthood of Eli. From Pelasgus & lycaon & Arca the people over whom they reigned were named Pelageans Lycaonians & Arcadians.

{illeg} Amphion & Niobe were therefore about two generations older then the Argonauts. If Laius when he fled from them may be supposed about 10 years old the birth of Amphion & Zethus & death of Nicteus & Epopeus will fall upon the 35^th of Davids reign or thereabouts. For Laius was born about the 5^th yeare of Solomon as above. Amphion with almost all – born at Thebes. And therefore if Oedipus may be supposed about 20 years old when he slew his father, the birth of Hercules will be about 12 years after the death of Solomon.

The Ivites were one of the nations whom the Israelites were to drive out. They were confederate with the Ammonites & David destroyed the Ammonites & made them pass unde axes & saws & hammers & those of the conquered nations who escaped destruction he & Solomon imployed as slaves for drawing of water & hewing of wood & doing all the drudgery in building Ierusalem & the Temple & the houses of the king. / For they were one of the ten nations whichthe Israelites were to drive out being sometimes called Ivites & sometimes Cadmonites that is Orientals Gen 15.19. & mount Hermon on which they bordered being put for the east in opposition to Tabor on the west Psal      From the names Cadmonites, Hermonites, & Hivites or Hevæans came the names of Cadmus & his wife Hermione or Harmonia & the fable of their being transformed into serpents as Bochart well observes. For הוιא Hevæus or Hivæus in the Syriæ signifies a serpent. If their flight from Sidon under the conduct of Cadmus may be pleased within a year after the conquest of their country by David it will have happened upon the 15^th year of Davids reign or thereabouts In this expedition of Cadmus it is to be understood that their confederates the Ammonites & Syrians of Sobah were mixt with them. For the Phœnicians which came with Cadmus were mixt with Arabians. They had also among them Erithræans or inhabitants of the red sea that is Edomites. For David conquered the Edomites & drove them from their seats a little before he conquered the Cadmonites & Ammonites. And the nations thus vanquished & driven out by David fled in great multitudes to seek new seats not only in Asia minor & Europe but also upon the sea coasts of Libya neare the two Syrtes & there also the people gave the names of Cadmus & Harmonia to their Leader & his wife & her they

To the Lord High Treasurer of
England

Diodorus in the beginning of his History tells us that he did not by no certain space the times preceding the Trojan war , because he had no certain foundation to rely upon. But from the Trojan war according to the recconing of Apollodorus Atheniensis whom he followed, there were 80 years to the Return of the Heraclidæ, & from that period to the first Olympiad there were 328 years, computing the times from the Kings of the Lacedemonians. Apollodorus wrote his Chronology about 200 years after the death of Alexander & Diodorus his history about 60 years after that, & yet in all this time Chronologers could frame nothing certain about the times before the Trojan war, nothing more certain about the times between that war & the Olympiads then by computing from the Kings of the Lacedemonians, that is from their numbers & making a reaonable allowance for the length of so many reigns.

Aristotle from the Olympic Discus in which the name of Lycurgus was written gathered that Lycurgus king of Sparta was the companion of Iphitus in restoring the Olympiads & & this recconing was followed by chronologers for Phlegon tells us that the Olympiads were restored by Lycurgus Iphitus & Cleosthenes together. But when Lycurgus Iphitus & Cleosthenes restored the Olympiads they knew not. For Phlegon reccons the space of 28 Olympiads from Iphitus the restorer of the Olympiads to Coræbus the Victor in the first Olympiad of the Vulgar Æra & Eratosthenes reccons 508 years from the Tuition of Lycurgus to the same first Olympiad & Plutarch tells us in general that they who collected the times from the successions of the kings of Sparta as Eratosthnes & Apollodorus shewed that Lycugus was many years older then the first Olympiad, that is they shewed by the succession of kings of Sparta that Lycurgus & his companion Iphitus who celebrated the first Olympiad was many years older then the first Olympiad gathered from the Olympionic victors. And to reconcile this difference they supposed that before Coræbus the first Olympionic victor there might be many others whose names were forgotten. Thus they lengthened the times of the Olympiads to make them agre with the times of the kings of Sparta which they had stated before whereas they should have shortened the times of the kings of Sparta to make them agree with the Olympiads.

For all nations, before they began to keep exact accounts of time – – especially in elective & turbulent kingdoms.

Now the Spartans from the time of the return of the Heraclidæ & beginning of the reigns of Eurystheus & Procles who were brothers & twins & began their reign together had two races of Kings whose names are conserved by Pausanias lib    & Herod l. One race was [Orestes Tisamenes] Euristhenes, Agis, Echestratus, Labotas, Dorissus, Agesilaus, Archelaus, Teleclus, Alcamenes, Polydorus, Euricratus, Anaxander, Euricrates, Leon, Anaxandrides, Cleomenes Dorieus Leonidas. Cleomenes was the brother of Dorieus & Leonidas & both were contemporary to Darius Hystaspis, <35v>

The other race of the Spartan kings were Orestes Tisamenes P{rocles} Sous Eurypion Prytanis Eunomus Polydectes Lycurgus, Charillus, Nican{der} Theopompus Zeuxidamus, Anaxidamus, Archidamus, Agasiches, Aristo, Demaratus, Leotychides.

Now the Spartans had two races of kings on whose succession the Greeks seem to have founded their Chronology. These two races are thus set down by Pausanias.

1 Orestes 2 Tisamenus Pausan p. 206, 207, 8, 9 et p. 288. 3 Eunstheues 3 Procles Pausan p. 219 Pausan. p. 382, 383. 4 Agis 4 Sous Thoas bello Trojano interfuit 5 Echestratus 5 Euripon Hæmon f 6 Labotas 6 Prytanis Oxylus f Aristomachi lib. sinctr 7 Dorissus 7 Eunomus Ætolus 8 Agerilaus 8 Polydectes Laias 9 Archelaus 9 Charillus Iphitus 10 Teleclus 10 Nicander 11 Alcamenes 11 Theopompus Pausan p 234 12 Polydorus 12 Zeuxidamus 13 Euricrates 13 Anaxidamus 14 Anaxander 14 Archidamus Pausan p 210 15 Eurycrates II 15 Agasicles 16 Leon 16 Aristo 17 Anaxandrides 17 Demaratus Pausan p 211 18 Cleomenes 18 Leolychides Leonidas frat

And thus by Herodotus

Hercules Pausan p 152 Hercules Hyllus Ctesippus Cleonideus or Cleodeus. Pausan p. 246 Thrasianor Corinthij Reges Messenij Reges Aristomachus Antiomachus Temenus Cresphontes Messiniæ Rex. Aristodenies Deiphon Temini gener socius consiliarius Cisus Æpytus Glaucus Istmius Euristhenes Procles Dotadas Hegesis Euriphon Sybotas Echestratus Prytanis Medon Phyntas Leobotis Polydectes Pausan p 206 Lacidaus Antiochus & Androcles Doriagus Eunomus Orestes Meltas Euphaes Aristodemus Ægesilaus Charilus Penthilus Interregnum Archelaus Nicander Grais, Agidi synchronus Aristomene Teleclus Theopompus Alcamenes Anaxandrides Polydorus^[17] Archidemus Oedipus Pausan p. 285, 296 Eurycrates Anaxileus Polynices Anaxander Leutichides Thersander. Euricratides Hippocratides Tisamenus Autesion Leon Gesileus Theras (Eurysthenis & Proclisti Futor) Anaxandrides Menaris Oyolycus, Ægeus, Hyræus, ✱ Ægeus, Euryleon Leonides Leutichides Araia Autesionis fila Aristodemi uxor. Pausan p. 285, 245

{illeg} & both of them were contemporary to Darius Hystaspis. So that from the return of the Heraclides & the beginning of the the reign of Darius Hystaspis there were 15 successive kings which at 21 years a piece one with another take up 315 years.

The other race of Spartan kings according to Pausanias were Procles Sous Euripon Prytanis Eunomus Polydectes, Charillus, Nicander, Theopompus, Zeuxidamus Anaxidanus, Archidamus, Agasicles, Ariston, Demaratus Leotychides. And according to Herodotus, Proctes, Euriphon, Prytanis, Polydectes, Eunomus, Chrilus, Alexander Theopompus Anaxandrides Archidemus Anaxileus Leutychides Hippocratides, Ariston Demaratus Leutychides, & between Procles & Eurypon Pausanius & Plutarch place Sous Herodotus differs from Pausanias in some of the names but both agree in the number of the kings, which are 14 before Demaratus who was contemporary to Darius Hystaspis, or 15 if the short reign of Lycurgus be inserted. And the reign of these kings recconed one with another at about 21 years a piece take up 315 years.

Now Eurysthenes & Procles were twins & the Poets represented that the Heraclides returned into Peloponnesus under them , but the Spartans themselves placed that return under Aristodemus their father : whence its probable that they returned under all three, the sons commanding under their father . And if the return was under their father we are to reccon a succession of sixteen kings between the return of the Heraclides & the reign of Darius Hystaspis whichone with another at 21 years a piece will take up 336 years. But because the Poets did not reccon the reign of Aristodemus, it's probable that it was but a short one And there if we reccon it at about 5 or 10 years & the following 15 reigns of both families at 315 reigns, the return of the Heraclides will be about 320 or 325 years before the reign of Darius Hystaspis that is about 135 or 140 years after the death of Solomon.

So then in both these races of the Spartans kings from the common beginning of the reign of Eurysthenes & Procles to the beginning of the reign of Darius Hystaspis there were 15 successive reigns of kings which one with another recconned at about 21 years apiece take up the space of about 315 years & therefore Eurythenes & Procles began their reign about 315 years before Darius Hystaspis that is about 60 years before the Olympiads, or 145 years after the death of Solomon whereas according to the recconing of the Greek Chronologers their reign took up 581 years, that is one with another about 38 years 9^m a piece which is certainly much too long for the course of nature.

And Numa who was a Pythagorean is by the Chronology of the Latines made mu{ch} {illeg} then Pythagoras.

Mint Office. 24 Nov. 1704

Orestes, Tisamenes, Aristodemi filius Procles, Sous f. Eurypon f. Prytanis f. Eunomus f. Polydectes f. Charillus f. Nicander f. Theopompus f. Zeuxidamus f. Anexidamus f. Archidamus f Agasicles f. Aristo f. Demaratus f. Leotychides

My Lord

Orestes Tisamenes Aristodemi filius Eurysthenes, Agis f, Echestratus f. Labotas f. Dorissus. Agesilaus f: Archelaus f. Teleclus f. Alcmenes f. Polydorus f. Euricrates f. Anaxander f. Euricrates f Leon f. Anaxandrides f. Cleomenes fil. Dario Histaspi synchronus. Leonidas frat Anaxandridæ filius

Nicandra regnant{illeg} Teleclus assiditus
Archelaus & Charilaus synchroni. Pausan p.208. Polydorus Theopompus & 1 Bellū Messen. Sync. p 209 Agesilao regnante Lycurgus leges tubit. Pausan. p 207. Dorissus & Agesileus cito moriuntur. Labotas in Tutela Lycurgi Legislaoris Herod. apud Pausan. p.207. et Charitus ib Sub Ti{a}mene Theras coloniam in Theram ducit. Pausan p. 206.

Since designs for Medals having been communicated to your Lordship by others I humbly beg leav{e} to present the enclosed Her Majesties Effigies may be on one side with the {illeg} by {in}scription & this designe on the other, & instead of Britannica sitting on a globe {the Queen} may be placed in a chair.

I have enclosed a design for a Medal which I take to be proper, especially if the Queen be put in the place of Britannia. Her Majesties Effigies may be on one side with the usual inscription & this design on the other. And if for saving her Majesty & your Lordship the trouble of approving Medals your Lordship shall the Gravers be empowered to make such medals , as I or the Officers of the Mint shall approve of I am ready to act in this or any other manner as your Lordship shall being

My Lord

as I shall approve of under any hand in writing, I am ready to undertake this trust or to act in any other manner as your Lord^p shall direct, being

My Lord

Your Lordships most humble

& most obedient Servant

Is. Newton

I attend without if Your Lordship has occasion to speak with me

It is to be conceived therefore the {illeg} the Assyrians {illeg} the Medes & Babylonians were small & inconsiderate kingdoms; that Phraortes began to raise the Medes but was soon opprest & Media subdued by the Scythians; that Cyaneres in the beginning of his reign freed the Medes from servitude by slaughtering the Scythians & conspiring with Nebuchadnezzar subverted the monarchy of the Assyrians that they divided this Monarchy between them & being Allies assisted one another in their conquests, the Medes helping Nebuchadnezzar to conquer the nations of Syria & the Babylonians mutually helping the Medes to conquer the nations of Persia & the eastern provinces of Assyria &; That as these Monarchies rose at one & the same time by the ruin of Nineveh so they fell together by the conquest of Cyrus & were both very potent while they stood, the Babylonians reigning over Susia Adiabene Mesopotamia Arabia Syria Edom & Egypt & the Medes over all the rest of Persia & over Armenia & Asia minor as far as the river Halys; & that the Medic kingdom was greater then the Babylon For the ancient Greeks & Latines in recconing up the successive general Monarchies make the Assyrian the first the Medic the second the Persian the third the Greecian the fourth the Roman the fift & omit the Babylonian as less considerable, tho Daniel begins with this as more considerable then the Medie in respect of the Iews

that as Susiana Sittacene Adiabene Mesopotamia & the regions westward fell to the lot of Babylon so Elymais, Parætacine, Armenia, Cappadocia & what they could further conquer in Persia & Asia minor fell to the lots of the Medes; & that as these Monarchies arose at one & the same time by the ruin of Nineveh so they fell together by the victories of Cyrus, & were both very potent while they stood & the Medie more potent then the Babylonian. For

So Iustin: Arbactus [ i.e. Cyaxares] qui præfectus Medorum fuerat imperium ab Assyrijs ad Medos transfert. – In 96 prœlio Astyages [i. e. Darius Medus] capiter cui Cyrus nihil aliud quam regnum abstulit – eumqque maximæ genti Hyrcanorum præposuit Nam in Medos reverti noluit. Hic finis Medorum Imperij fuit. Regnaverunt annis 350. And so Æmilius Sura & Velleius Paterculus: Assyrij principes ommium gentium rerum potiti sunt, deinde Medi, postea Persæ, deinde Macedones: exinde duobus regibus Philippo et Antiocho qui e Macedonibus oriundi erant, haud multo post Carthaginem subactam, devictis, summa Imperij ad populum Romanum pervenit.

Regnaverunt annis 350. This long reign he has from the fables of Ctesias Dionysius Halycarnassæus represents their reign a short one & Æschylus ✝ allows them only two kings reigns before Cyrus.

who was years old at the death of Cyrus born in the reign of Daniels The Mede, tells us that the Empire of the Medes lasted only during the reign of two kings before Cyrus.

Median anti regnum Cyri superioris et incrementa Persidos leginus Asiæ reginam totius, Assyrijs domitis. Ammianus l. 23 post med.

This skill in Astronomy shews that he had been instructed by the Chaldeans but Hystaspes travelled into India to be instructed by the Gymnosophists & then conjoyning their skill they instituted & instructed a new set of Magi or Priests & instructed them in matters of religion & Philosophy & these instructed others till from a small number they grew to a great multitude. For suidas tells us with Zoraster gave a beginning to the name of the Magi & Elmacinus that he reformed the religion of the Persians which before was divided into many sects & Agathias that he introduced the religion of the Magi among the Persians changing their ancient sacred rites & bringing in several opinions & Amminianus tells us that Hystaspes, Darij pater, cum &c

Sir Theodore


My Lord Treasurer has referred your Proposal to the Officers of the Mint & we humbly beg the favour of you to meet us on Thursday morning at ten a clock at Sir John Stanleys Office in the Cockpit to discourse the buisiness in order to our making a Report. I am


            Your most humble Servant                     Is. Newton. 1.

Niobe the daughter of Phoroneus is said to be the first women with whom Iupiter lay & Alcmena the last. This I understand of the mortal Iupiter of the Greeks during his reign amongst men in the silver age & therefore I begin that age the year before the birth of Argus the son of Iupiter & Niobe & successor of Phoroneus in the kingdom of Argos & end it the year before the birth of Hercules the son of Iupiter & Alcmena. Io the sister of Phoroneus was stole by the Phenicias when they first began to sail from Sidon as far as Greece that is presently after the Edomites fled David & mixed with the Philistims & for the sake of trade took Zidon: which was about the 16^th or 18^th year of David as above. And Niobe was one generation younger & therefore might beare Argus about 30 or 35 years later.

Niobe the daughter of Phoroneus is said to be the first woman with whom Iupiter lay & therefore this age comenced the year before the birth of Argus the son of Iupiter & Niobe. Io the daughter of Inachus & sister of Phoroneus was one generation older then Niobe. She was carried away from Greece by the Phenician Merchants when they began first to extend their trade as far as Greece that is presently after the flight of the merchants of the Red Sea from David & their mixture with the Philistims & taking of Sidon for the sake of trade. This was about the 16 or 18^th year of David as above & Niobe being one generation younger then Io, the birth of Argus & beginning of the silver age was was about 30 or 35 years later or about the 8^th year of Solomon. And the age or generation between the rapture of Io & birth of Argus answers to the golden age.

– & therefore Asterius reigned in Crete in the golden age, & the silver age began when Chiron was a child. And unless {sus} Chiron was about 85 years old in the time of the Argonautic Expedition, the silver age will not begin before the reign of Solomon.

After the taking of Troy there reigned six kings at Athens, one of them but one year The other five at about 17 years a piece one with another will take up about 85 years & so place the death of Codrus & Ionic migration under his sons about 86 years after the takin of Troy. Then reigned 13 Archons for life, the last of them only two years. The other 12 (of there were so many) at about 16 years a piece one with another take up about 192 years. Then reigned seven decennial Archons which if two or three of them died in the time of their government might take up 40 or 50 years. All these years place the end of the decennial Archons about 320 or 330 years after the taking of Troy, that is in the 48^th or 50^th Olympiad. Then reigned annual Archons amongst whome were two law - makers, Draco about the 50^th Olympiad, & Solon about the 54^th .

- Nabonassar & that the Assyrians in her reign might build Babylon For Diodorus (lib. 2. c. 1) tells us that the king who built Nineve & whom he calls Ninus, made a league with Arieus a king of the wandering Arabians, & by their assistance conquered the Babylonians & that Semiramis who built Babylon was his widdow: & therefore the Assyrians might build it in her reign for the Arabians who assisted her husband in conquering it

& probably she might reign Chaldea & Chalonitis after the death of Pul, & build Babylon & people it with a conflux of Assyrians & Arabians & be succeeded by Nabonasser. For Diodorus tells us (lib. 2. c. 1) that the Assyrians in the beginning of their Empire in conquering Chaldea, were assisted by the Arabians & people Babylon with a conflux of Assyrians & Arabians

For the towers & Palaces of Babylon were built & the city peopled with a mixture of Assyrians & Arabians in the days of Isaiah or not long before & For Chaldea was scarce subject to the Assyrians before Pul subdued Chalonitis & the towers - - - of Isaiah or not long before, that is, in the days of Pul & Tiglath Pileser. But the story of Semiramis as told by the Greeks is full of fables.

For the towers & palaces of Babylon (in which Nabonassar reigned) were built by the Assyrians in the days of Isaiah or not long before, that is in or soon after the days of Pul For he began to extend the domi{nion} of the Assyrians southwards conquering Calneh & Thalasser & thereby [began to extend the dominion of the Assyrians southwards] & thereby the Assyrian was enabled to found the kingdom of Babylon for them that dwelt in the wilderness. And Semiramis might reign there after him. But her history as told by the Greeks is full of fables

This city is said (by the followers of Ctesias) to have been built by Semiramis, & According to Herodotus she was five generations older then Nitocris the mother of Labynitus or Nabonnedus the last king of Babylon, & by the recconing she was contemporary to Tighlathpiliser. She might be the widow of one of the kings of Babylon & govern the kingdom during the mino minority of her son. But her story is full of fables. Other authors ascribe the building of Babylon to Belus that is, to Pul. So Dorotheus, an ancient Port of Sidon             [apud Iulium Firmicum]

The ancient city Babylon built by the Tyrian Belus, that is by the Syrian or Assyrian Belus; the words Tyrian Syrian & Assyrian being all of them derived from Tzor the Phenician name of the city Tyre. Herennius [apud Steph. in Βαβ.] tells us that it was built by the son of Belus; & this son might be Nabonassar. The father After the conquest of Calneh, Thalasser & Sipparæ might begin to build Babylon & leave it to his younger son. or other kings. And Nabonassar might erect the Temple of Iupiter Belus to his father or Vnkle For all the kings of Babylon in the Canon of Ptolomy are called Assyrians, & Nabonassar is the first of them

S^r
     I received your Letter by which I understand that you want a few more Bibles to be disposed of to poor people, & I have therefore delivered thirty to M^r Auditor Foleys Clerk who will send them to you. And I pray you to accept of them & dispose of them to poor people as you shall find occasion.. I am glad to heare of your good health, & wishing it may long continue, I remain

In the end of the marriage settlement of M^r Low, the three sisters severally & not joynthly covenant with Newton Chapman that upon his paying to them one hundred pounds a piece with interest for the same after the death of their grandmother Ione Chapman, & after their attaining to their several ages of 21 years, they shall give discharges &c. And the reason I take to be this.

No interest could become due upon the Principal before the Principal became due. And the Principal did not become due to any of the sisters before the death of their grandmother Ione Chapman. For the land out of the profits of which the Principal was to be raised by the Trustees was setled upon the said Grandmother in joynture without impeachment during her life; & no part of the profits of the land could become due to any of the sisters while the whole profits thereof were due to the Grandmother. She was to have the use of the Principal till her death without paying interest for the same & Chapman Lowe began to have the use of it from the time of her death & was not to pay interest for the same before he began to have the use of it.

To the Reverent Honourable the Lords Commissioners
of his Majesties Treasury.

May it please your Lordships

The salaries of the Clerks of the Mint which were setled about sixty years ago, being now not sufficient for their maintenance, I humbly pray that they may be augmented by about a quarter; so that the salaries of the Warden's Clerk, of my three Clerks & of the Comptrollers Clerk, which are forty pounds per annum each, may become 50^£ each; & that those of the Assaymasters Clerk & of the Purveyer to the Mint which are twenty pounds each per annum, may become twenty & five pounds per annum each: & those of the Clerk of the Weigher & Teller & of the Clerk of the Surveyor of the meltings which are ten pounds each per annum may becom twelve pounds ten shillings each. All which is most humbly submitted to your Lordships great wisdome     Mint Office.
Iune 26^th 1722.                    Isaac Newton. 4.

Rhampses built the western Portico, Mæris the northern, Asychis the eastern & Psammiticus the southern

The kings of the Thebans in the reign of their kings Mephramathosis & Amosis drave them out.

Rhapses Rameses or Rhampsinitus the successor of Memnon built the western Portico of the Temple, Mæris the Northern Portico & the Labyrinth & made the great lake of Mæris with two Pyramids in it. Some other kings built other Pyramids & Asychis built the stately eastern portico. Then Egypt brake into three or four kingdoms, [seated at meph or Memphys, Zoan or Tanis & Sais] & Gnephactus called also Neochabis Nectabis & Technatis) & his son Bocchoris reigned successily at Memphis, Stephinates Nichepsos & Nechus successively at Sais & some others in other places, & in the time of these kingdoms Ægypt was again subdued by the Ethiopians under Sabbacon. And about that time some Egyptians

....... reduced to a Monarchy. Psammiticus built the southern Portico of the Temple of Vulcan, The Priests of Egypt tell us that Memphis & this temple were founded by Menes the king of Egypt who reigned next after the age of the Gods. Whence Menes was scarce so old as Ammon & Sesak who built Thebes. For it is not likely that the Temple of Vulcan could be above two or three hundred years in building. The heathens in those days worshipped their kings, & their greatest Gods were their greatest potentates & founders of new dominions.

{‡} In his reign they also built long ships with sails upon the Red Sea & upon the coasts of Libya & for the sake of navigation began to study Astronomy, & in the reign of his son Sesak ...... beaten by Asa. And the people of the lowere Egypt revolting called in the Iews. But Amenoph, Amenophis or Memnon after a few years drave them out again & this is by Manetho called the second expulsion of the shepherds. This king built Memphys from him called Menoph, & by contraction Moph & Noph, & there founded the magnificent temple of Vulcan, & his successors...... labyrinth. Rhampses, Rameses or Rhampsinitus built the western Portico of this temple Mæris built the northern Portico & the Labyrinth & the lake of Mæris with two Pyramids in it. This Labyrinth was standing almos{t} entire in Plinies days when the Cretan Labyrinth was gone. Some following kings built other Pyramids & then Asychis built the stately eastern portico, & Ægypt soon after brake into three or four kingdoms Gnephactus (called also Neochabis Nectabis & Technatis) & his son Boccharis reigned successively at Memphys, Stephanatus, Nichepsos & Nechus successively at Sais & Ansysis & some others in other places. And in the time of these

$\begin{array}{r}31.\phantom{000}3100108\\ 36\\ \overline{310116}\end{array}$

300108. ₇₂ 2800. to 1

kingdoms. Egypt was again subdued by the Ethiopians under Sabbacon who slew Boccharis & Nechus & put Anysis to flight. About that time some Egyptians........ to a monarchy. Psammiticus built the southern Portico of the Temple of Vulcā & it is not likely that this Temple could be above two or three hundred years in building. Between the reign of the Ethiopians & the twelve Princes Diodorus {puts an} anarchy of two years, & this anarchy I take to be the reign of the Assyrians over Egypt, the Egyptians being.... Isa 20.

In the reign of Asarhadon .....

Sir,

Tower of London Aug 14 1712 The weights conteined in this Box I have examined by the standard weights of her Majesties Mint in the Tower & found them just. The pile of weights with a Harp graved on them is the standard for sizing & examining the penny weights & grains & the small round weights made for forreign pieces of money current in Ireland. I presume they will agree with the weights formerly sent from hence & established by Proclamation & so will need no new authority to make them usefull.
                              Is. Newton 3.

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To The Honrable
Sir Isaac Newton
at his house in St Martin
Street London

the Temple of Belus with the old Palace between that temple & the river. This was that Belus who founded the city & set on foot the study of the stars. He was recconned the progenitor of Nebuchadnezzar & might be Pul the founder of the Assyrian Empire or perhaps Sesac. For Babylon is sometimes called Sesac, & its first king mentioned by heathen writers is by Eusebius called Euechous (perhaps from the exclamation ἐυοι) & the Iupiter whom the Arabians called Dionysus & Bacchus the Chaldeans called Belus. And Pausanias tells us that the Belus of the Babylonians had his name from Belus an Egyptian the son of Libye. Its probable therefore that Sesac left a colony at Babylon which set up his worship & erected his temple to him.

This is that Belus who first made war with the sword & from whom war was called bellum, as above. For Hyginus calls him the son of Neptune & Libye.

Pausanias [l. 4. c. 23.] tells us that the Belus of the Babylonians had his name derived from Belus an Egyptian the son of Libye & Hyginus that the Africans & Egyptians fought at first with swords & then Belus the son of Neptune & Libye made war with swords, whence war was called bellum. Its probable therefore that Sesac left a Colony at Babylon which after his death set up his worship under the name of Belus & erected to him the temple of Belus on the east side of the river, whose foundation is still remaining. And this is confirmed by the name of Sesac sometimes given to Babylon [Ier 25. 26 & 51.41.] & by this kings setting on foot the study of the stars at Babylon (Plin l. 6. c. 26.) a study which began in Egypt in the days of his father Ammon & by consequence was quickly propagated from thence into Libya, Greece & Chaldea: the sphere of the Greeks was formed by Chiron a little before the Argonautic expedition & that of the Libyans by Atlas his contemporary. This Temple of Belus was a square building of two furlongs on each side encompassing a square court & had in the middle of the court a solid Tower or Pyramid a furlong square & a furlong high with seven retractions which made it appear like eight towers standing upon one another; & in the eighth Tower was a Temple with a Bed & a golden Table kept by a woman after the manner of the Egyptians in the Temple of Iupiter Ammon in Thebes. They went up to the top of it by steps on the outside & there observed the stars. The Babylonians imitated the Egyptians also in their sacred rites & mysteries & immunity of their Priests from Taxes & in the form of their Astronomical year. [But some of these things might be introduced afterwards by those Egyptians who fled from Sabacon & carryed Astrology with them to Babylon.] And Eusebius (out of         ) has set down a race of kings of the Chaldeans the first of which he calls Euechous, & takes him to be Nimrod; but its mo] all which were remains of an Egyptian dominion in Chaldea.

This is that Herculus who (according to Eudoxus) was slain by Typhon & (according to Ptolomæus Hephæstion lib. 2) was called Nilus, & who conquered Gerion with he three sons in Spain & set up the famous pillars at the straits mouth called Hercules's pillars. For Diodorus l 3 pag 145 mentioning three Hercules the Egyptian the Tyrian & the son of Alcmena, saith that the oldest flourished among the Egyptians & having conquered a great part of the world set up the Pillar in Afric. And Vasæus (in his Chron. Hispan. chap. 10) that Osiris who is called also Dionysius came from Ægypt into Spain & conquered Gerion & was the first who brought Idolatry into Spain.

And since Christ set on foot the Christian religion by ~ explaining to his Apostles the prophesies concerning himself in Moses & Prophets & Psalms & sending them to teach his interpretations to others: if any question at any time arise concerning his interpretations We are to beware of Philosophy & vain deceipt & oppositions of science falsely so called & to have recourse to the old Testament & compare the places explained with the explanations thereof in the new. As for instance if we would know what it is to be understood by calling Iesus ^a[18] the Christ or Messiah, ^b[19] the son of Man, ^c[20] the Son of God, the ^d[21] Lamb of God, the ^e[22] Word of God, ^f[23] the God who was in the beginning with God & ^g[24] Michael or by interpretation Quis-est-sicut-Deus.

p. 5. l. {illeg} salt Larynx & p. 6. l 22.
Par 3 pag 1 lin 6 for Constellation write Body.

Vir celeberrime

Epistolam tuam & chartas Italic{h} scrip{tas} quas unà misisti communicavi cum Societate Regia quæ rem retulit ad quendam e Socijs Italica at mathematice doctum. Ipsa enim opinionem propriam de rebus dubijs nunquam profert. Socius autem ille lectis chartis observationes suas in Schediasmate composuit quod una cum hac epistola accipies

Your letter I received together with the Papers which accompanied it concerning the letting of the Rheno into the Po, & I communicated them to the R. Society. But I should acquaint you that the Society make it a general Rule never to give their opinion in doubtful matters They can give their testimony in matters of fact which appear to them, but few of them are Mathematicians. They also avoid medling with civil affairs which have no relation to natural Philosophy. However, they desired one of their fellows who is skilled in Mathematicks & understands the Italian tongue to peruse the same & upon considering them he drew up his observations upon them in a Paper which you will receive from M^r Burnet. I am     Sir

A Monsieur

Monsieur

This Council did not use to trifle. They always met upon state affairs for the welfare of Greece & therefore sent the Argonauts upon an Embassy to the said Princes & coloured over their designe with the fable of the golden fleece. And probably their designe was to notify the distraction of Egypt & perswade the Princes to take that opportunity to revolt & set up for themselves. And thus ended the great Empire of Egypt.

Sir


My misforton is so great which makes me trouble you at this Time is that I been out of Bisness So Long and all my mony Spent by Resonn that my famaly fell ill when they Came to Town and then my Wife Dying; my Doughter falling ill of the Small Pox and not fitt for Seruis yoatwherfora – I humbly Craue your pardon in Takeing this freedom with you Sir as Latting my Case be known to you and Dew humbly Craue your – Asisdance in this my afares which is all at present from who was and is and Remeaines your Most – Dewty full Servant to Command London
June: 21: 1717 John Corker

Sir Tould you three Month agoe that my Wife was Dead and I wooda been willing to aworne your Leuerrey if you had – tould me that you wanted a footman When your man went away and I humbly Cray your one –            anser for my Case is uery hard

For Pliny tells us that Thales de{illeg} the Occasus matutinus of the Pleiades to be upon the 25^t day after the autumnal Equinox & thence Petavius computes the longitude of the Pleiades {illeg} in ♈ _ 23. 53' . which being their Longitude not before the Trojan war began but in the {39^th or} 40^th year of Thales (as I find by computation) shews that ] Thales did not retain the places of the Equinox determined by the Astronomers who lived before the Trojan war but placed it where he found it by his own observations, transferring the equinox & solstices from the end of the 15^th to the beginning of the 12^t degree of the Asterisms of the Zodiac. For Lucida Pleiadum in the end of the year 1660 was in ♉ 25.15.51 & thence recconing backward a degree for every 72 years the Lucida Pleiadum will be found in ♉ 25° 53' in the 40^th year of Thales, & therefore Thales did not retain the place – own observations [& therefore considering that he was of authority sufficient to propagate any opinion we may reccon him the man who first laid aside the opinion of the Equinoxes & Solstices being in the 15 degrees of the signes placed them in the 12^t.

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After the times of the Argonautic expedition & Trojan war, Astronomy lay neglected till the days of Thales. He

Hesiod flourished in the mountain Helicon neare Athens in the latitude of about 37°.45^s & He tells us that when sixty days after the winter solstice are past Arcturus has his ortus vespertinus, that is, as authors interpret he rises at sunset, sixty days after the day of the winter solstice. How many hours till the solstice happens before sunset is uncertain. If at a middle recconing we take 12, there will be 60 1/2 days from the solstice to the ortus vespertinus of Arcturus. The Apoge of the sun was the in ♉ 25° or thereabouts & in 60 1/2 days the sun moved 62°.

Of the Astronomers who flourished after the times of the Trojan war Thales is recconed the oldest. He revived Astronomy, observed the stars was the first who could predict Eclipses & wrote a book of the Tropics & Equinoxes.. Pliny tells us that he determined the Occasus matutinus of the Pleiades to be upon the 25^t day after the Autumnal Equinox, & thence Petavius computes the longitude of the Pleiades in ♈ 23^deg 53'. Now Ludica Pleiadum in the end of the year 1660 was in ♉ 25.15:51 & thence recconing backwards a degree for every 72 years (which is the motion of the Equinox according to the opinion of Astronomers of this age) Lucida Pleianum will be found in ♈ 23 57 in the 59{9}^th year before Christ that is in the 42^th year of Thales. And therefore Thales did not retain the place of the Equinox determined by Astronomers who lived before the Trojan war but placed it where he found it by his own Observations. For his publishing a book about the Tropics & Equinoxes shews that he receded from the opinions of former Astronomers , [& by consequence he was the first who removed the Equinoxes from the 15^th degree of the signes & placed them in the 12^th. & if he was the first who removed the Equinoxes & Solstices from the 15^th degrees of the signes (For his authority to do this was greater then any man's) we have reason to reccon him the author of the opinion that they were in the 12^t degrees.

Eudoxus according to Eusebius was contemporary to Meton, but according to Diogenes he lived a little later. He travelled into Egypt & having conversed with Astronomers of both nations published a new Octaeteris & wrote a book of the Constellations – – sphere

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Elizabeth Lucas being committed to the Poultry Counter on suspicion of stealing Plate from M^r Secretary Harley & being cleared from the suspicion but not yet set a liberty discovered that she had received counterfeit money of one M^s Bayly who made the same, & shewed a half crown & a six pence of the money & said that M^s Bayly imployed also one M^s Salt to put of such money. Afterwards one M^s Miller hearing that search was made for weomen, who had stole the plate , disco-vered to (M^r Secretarys M^r William Hegley Butler) where he might search & thereupon the Butler & one Cole a Constable apprehended thee weomenwho proved to be M^rs Bayly alias Labree & M^rs Salt, In apprehending them the constable found in the house some spand & ten shillings of conterfeit money, M^s Miller found about three or four pounds of counterfeit money & the Butler found some filings of silver. All which things were produced before M^r Secretary & at the triall, & by the evidence of the said M^s Lucas, M^s Labree was committed to Newgate & convicted of High Treason. M^r Hegley has in this service expended about 30^s & desires nothing further of the reward then his charges.

Afterwards one Mary Sistern watching M^s Salt & seing her go into a house in Trinity Lane told M^r William Hegley (M^r Secretaries Butler) where she might be taken & the houses on both sides that house were searched without finding her. Then one M^s Miller who lived over against the right house discovered to the Said M^rHegley that two suspicious weomen lodge{d} in the house over against her, & the said M^rHegley & one Cole a Constable there apprehended –

I find by examining M^rHegley, M^r Lucas, M^r Sistern, M^rs Mill & the Constable that the matter of fact above related is true.
 Is. Newton

Meton & Euctemon observed the summer solstice in the year of Nabonassar 316 on the 21^th day of Phamenoth in the morning, that is in the year of the Iulian Period 4282 Iune 27^th about six in the morning as Petavius collects out of Ptolemy.

Meton & Euctemon, in order to publish the Lunar Cycle of 19 years, observed the solstice & {in} the year of Nabonassar 316 & Columella tells us that they placed it in the 8^th degree of Cancer: which opinion being published to the people in the Tables of that Cycle became generally received & continued long in vogue. [Petavius collects out of Ptolemy that they observed the Solstice in the year of Nabonassar 316 on the 21^th day of Phamenoth in the morning that is in the year of the Iulian Period 4282, Iune 27, about six in the morning.] This obse] From the 21th year of Thales to (at which time he might begin to make observations) to the year of Nabonassar 316 there are but 187 years] Now recconing with Astronomers that the Equinox goes backwards one degree in about 72 years & by consequence three degrees in 216 years & seven degrees in 504 years & considering that Thales was born an. 1 Olymp 35 according to Laertius & that from the 24^th year of his age ( about which time he might make his first Observations) to the year which Meton & Euctemon observed the solstice there were but 184 years which time is too short by 32 years for the pasing of the solstice between the 12^t degree of Cancer. Let the error be ascribed to the observations (which in these days were but coarse) & let it be equally divided between the Observations of Thales & those of Meton by saying that the solstice was in the beginning of the 12^t degree about 16 years before the Observations of Thales & in the end of the 8^th about 16 years after the Observations of Meton, that is Anno Nabonass. 1332 & from this last period count backwards 504 years (the time in which the solstice moves 7 degrees backwards from the 15^th to the 8^th degree of Cancer & the recconing will end 61 years after the death of Solomon.

But considering that the first kings of Rome were elective & all of them except Numa either died a violent death or were dethroned I had rather allow but 15 or 16 years a piece to those kings reigns one with another & so make the building of Rome & destruction of Troy 20 or 40 years later. And this Numa who was a Philosopher may have lived after Pharecides Thales & Pythagoras began to bring Philosophy into Europe.

But for understanding the grownd of these recconings & removing Objections it is to be observed / & the epocha of Iehojakins captivity will fall upon the year the beginning of the year of Nabonassar 149 & the year of the captivity accordingly as it is recconed inclusively or exclusively will be either this year 149 or the year before. For the captivity of Iehojakin was after the return of the year that is in the Summer half year (2 Chron. 36.10,

For Iehojakim dying in the 11^th year of his reign was buried dishonourably without the city & Iehojakin his son succeeded him & reigned 3 months & 10 days in spring. For in the return of the year (2 Chron     ) that is in spring when kings go out to battel Nebuchadnezzar {in} the 8^th year of his reign sent & beseiged Ierusalem & Iehojakin surrendered & was carried to Babylon with his Princes & craftsmen & Smiths & all that were fit for war & the Vessels of the Temple & when none remained but the poorest sort of the people Nebuchadnezzar made Zedekiah their king. who reigned full ( Ier. 1.3) eleven years & ended his reign in summer in the 19^th year of Nebuchadnezzar. In the ninth year of Zedekiah in the 10^th month Nebuchanezzar laid siege to Ierusalem. In the 10^th year Pharaoh came out of Egypt with an army to raise the siege & the Chaldeans went up to meet him (            ) & then the Iews being freed from their fear brought back into servitude their manservants & maid servants which they had in their distress in the autumn before set at liberty according to the law of the sabbatical year. for the observation of which they had then entered into a solemn covenant in the Temple. Ieremias therefore being hitherto at liberty (          ) reproved them for this transgression but was imprisoned before the end of the 10^th year & continued in prison till the end of the siege, & after his imprisonment the Chaldeans returned in the same tenth year & continued the siege took the city in the 11^th year in the 4^th month & but it & the Temple the month following. So then the city was taken in the year next after the sabbatical year & by consequence in the year of Nabonassar 159

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