Drafts on chronology: section 2f

Herod according to Iosephus reigned 34 years from y^e taking of Ierusalem by & 37 years from his being declared king by the senate. These years end in Iuly or August two years & an half from y^e vulgar Æra. And Herod died on the 6 of the \of a lingering distemper/ month Kisleu \in November/ following|.| as|F|or the Iews in their C|K|alendar set down his death upon the 6^th of y^e Month Kisleu. And Iosephus tells us of |that in the time of his sickness he sent Emp|b|assadors to Augustus at Rome, † |† & received letters back| w^ch agrees best w^th summer when the seas were navigable & that there was an eclips of the Moon in the time| an Eclips of the Moon in the time of his sickness /soon after the sending of the Embassy\ w^ch Eclips happened upon Aug. 20. He died therefore two years & a month before the vulgar Æra & Christ might be born a few months before. For the children slain in Bethlehem were under two yearlings that is not yet entered upon their second year & the slaughter was wise men came from the east while Ioseph & Mary lodged in the Inn with the new born child. [Iohn began to baptize in the 30 year of Tiberia|u|s suppose in spring when the year summer was before him & Christ came to his baptisme when all the people came to his baptism suppose in the latter end of Chri summer Christ came to be baptized being thirty years old. This was in the end of the 15^th year of Tiberius or beginning of his 16^th year A. C. 29.] And by this recconing Christ might be but 30 years old in the beginning of the 15^th year of Tiberius & be baptized before he was 31 years old & suffer A. C. 34|3| {illeg} the fourth passover counted from the{illeg} \counting four passovers after his baptism/ or rather A. C. 34 in the fift \counting five. #/ < insertion from lower down f 1r > # For it seems to me that there were five, the first while Iohn was baptizing Iohn 2.13. the second four months after Iohn's imprisonment. Iohn 4.35. & 5.1. For Christ sa|t|aid in Iudea baptizing till the imprisonment of Iohn, & then went into Galile four months before y^e harvest {&} Iohn 4.35. And the after this there was a feast of the Iews Iohn 5.1 & Iesus went up to Ierusalem Iohn. 5.1. And therefore this feast was either the second passover or a later feast. And after this there were two more passovers mentioned by Iohn ch 6.4. & 12.1. And between the second & third of these four passovers there was a passover in w^ch t a month before the second chief passo sabbat or passover of the second month when the disciples pluckt \& eat/ the ripe ears of corn Mat. 12.1. For by \For by/ the ripeness of the corn you may know \shewing you may know/ that this second chief sabbath was the \second Passover or/ passover of the second{illeg} month (Num. IX.11.) the first fruits of the corn being \always/ offered in y^e Passov first Passover

Fo Christ began not to preach till after the imprisonment of Iohn Mat. 4.12, 17. After that he went about all Galile teaching in their synagogues & healing all man manner of diseases: This was in the first four months till the second passover & longer. For <1v> his fame went through all Syria & there followed him great multitudes from Galilee & from Decapolis & from Ierusalem & from Iudea, & therefore he had been preaching at Ierusalem By the multitudes w^ch followed f|h|im from Ieursalem & Iudea you may know that he was now returned from the second passover. This All this was before his sermon in the mount. And when this preached f sermon the lillies was preache this sermon was in spring when the grass & lillies of the field were in their beauty Matt VI.28, 30. And sometime after this there arose a great tempest in the sea Matt VIII.24. w^ch was an argument of winter. And after this Iesus went about all the cities & villages pr|t|eaching in the synagogues untill the time of harvest approached Mat. IX.35, 37. \The harvest was always between the Pentecost & Passover & Pentecost./ Then he sent the twelve to preach in |all| the cities w^ch mission \& villages. (Matt. 10.1) w^ch travelling/ is an argument that the third passover was now {illeg} it was the it was in the beginning it the summers half year & that their|y| passover was feast of y^e \{illeg}/ had already kept the feast of the Passover \For he would scarce send them away \to preach all of Iudea/ before they \{illeg}/ had kept {illeg} this solemnity/ {illeg}|And| t|T|hen followed the second chief{illeg} sabbath when the disciples pluct & eat the \ripe/ ears of corn. Matt. XII.1. And therefore \And from all \these/ things/ \it is manifes I gather that/ the preceding Passover in w^ch the first fruits were of the corn were offered could not be sooner then the third Passover. |It was therefore the third. And after this there were two more.|

For {t}|A|fter this Passover \& the mission of the twelve/ Iohn hearing of the fame of Iesus sent to him two of his disciples & therefore was still in prison. Mat XI.2. But while the twelve were preaching in the cities of Iudah Herod |about the time that the twelve returned to Iesus he was beaded {sic}| [beheaded him & sometime after heard|in||g| of the fame of Iesus said that it was Iohn whom he had beheaded & who was risen from y^e dead. Matt XIV.1, 2. This was in the winter for at that tim {sic} Christ alluding \delivered three parable with allusion/ to the time of sowing Matt XIII. & XIV.1. Iohn was therefore beheaded in t] & two of his disciples came & told Iesus, & when Iesus heard it he departed into a desert place & fed the multitude w^th five loaves & two fishes Matt XIV.10, 12, 17|3|, 17. Mark X|V|I.29, 30. Luke IX.10, 13. Iohn VI.9. \This was in the end of winter &/ And after this there were two Passovers more Iohn VI.4. & XI.55. About the time that {illeg} A little before the miracle of the five loves {sic} Iesus to And as after the third Passover c|C|hrist had sent y^e twelve to preach in the cities of Iudea so after the fourth he sent the seventy. |‡|

‡ And in the seed time fo

‡ Sometime after Christ told \in/ three Pa\ra/bles alluded to the time of sowing Matt XIII. And about that time {illeg} \or soon after,/ the twelve returned to Iesus & the Iohn was beheaded & two of his disciples having buried his body came & told Iesus & when Iesus heard it . . . .

‡ And after this \thence forward/ Iesus continued preaching & {illeg} & doing miracles until his disciples \the twelve/ returned \to him/ \Iohn was beheaded in prison & the twelve returned to Iesus/ & Herod \& the people/ hearing of his fame said it is Iohn the baptist who is risen from the dead. Matt XIV.1, 2. \Matt XIV.1, 2, 10, 12. Mark VI.14, 20, 30. Luke IX.6, 7, 10./ And this was in the winter: for at \a little before {illeg}/ that time Iesus alluded in three \several/ parables alluded to the time of sowing. Mat XIII. & XIV.1, 2. \11, 12/ Mark VI.14, \29/ 30 \Luke IX.6, 7, 10./ When therefore \And when/ two of Iohn's disciples had buried his body & came & told Iesus, he departed into a desert place ,|(| perhaps fearing to be apprehended by Herod.) {&} And when the people \&/ not long after, when the people heard where he was & followed him \thither/ out of the cities he fed them \there/ with five loaves & two fishes \& walked on the sea/ Matt XIV.10, 12, 13, 17, 25 Iohn VI.9, 19. \&/ This was in the end of winter a little before the passover Iohn VI.4. \which was therefore the fourth passover. ☉/ < insertion from lower down f 1v > ☉ For after the Parables relating to seed time he went through the cities teac & villages teaching journeying towards Ierusalem Luke XIII.22. And after this {illeg} ☉ And after his going up to Ierusalem \to this feast/ he sent the 7|s|eventy to preach in the cities Luke IX.51, 52, 57. & X.1. & afterwards went to y^e feast of Tabernacles Iohn VII.2 & was crucified the Passover following. He began to preach < text from higher up the middle of f 1v resumes > And after this Passover Iesus \sent the 70 to preach in the cities {illeg} Luke X.1. &/ went to the feast of Tabernacles Iohn VII.2. & suffered \was crucified/ the passover following. \He began to preach 8 or 9 months after the first Passover./ In the first year of his preaching he called his \{illeg}/ disciples \& instructed them,/ in the summer of the second year he sent \twelve of/ them to go through the cities & villages of Iudea \& teach the people,/ in summer of the third year he \sent {illeg}/ seventy on \to/ the same errant messa do the like & suffered on the Passover following \he suffered/. & after seven years more the gentiles were called. And \it is {illeg}able{illeg}/ according to this recconing the weeks of Daniel are sabbatical and Iewish, ending with sabbatical years.

Now According to this recconing &c.

For there were five passovers the first {illeg} Iohn 2.13. the second during the ministry of Iohn y^e baptist. the second {a} Iohn 5.1. or 6.4 after Iohns imprisonment. ^×. The third \ The fourth/ a month before his disciples plucked the ears of corn on the second chief sabbath or second passover \of the second month/ Mat. 12.1. Luk. 6.1. The last at his death The fourth was presently after the beheading of Iohn y^e baptist & the miracle of feeding 5000 w^th five loaves & two fishes Iohn 6. 4, 9. & Mat. 14.10, 13, 17. And the fift was that of the passion. \Iohn 2.13. After this Passover Iesus continued in Iudea baptizing Iohn 3.22. & Iohn was imprisoned ×/ < insertion from below the line > × Iohn was imprisoned the winter following & {illeg}h when Iesus heard it he went into Galile & began to preach. This was in winter four months before the harvest \Iohn 4.35./ & by consequence in December. Then followed the second passover Iohn 5.1. \&|F|rom w^ch time he went about all Galilee preaching in their synagogues Mat. 4.23. & many followed him from Ierusalem Mat 4. 25./ & the sermon in the mount when the lillies were flourishing in y^e fie{illeg}|ld|, Matt 6.28, 30. \& by consequence in spring/ & the & the tempest at Sea the next winter Matt. 24 8.24. \& the time of the next harvest approaches Mat. 9.37. & after the 3^d passover/ & the mission of the twelve the spring following Matt. 10.1. Iohn be{illeg}|i|ng still in prison \& hearing of the fame of Iesus sendeth to him/ Mat. 11.2. & the third passover & a month after before the disciples pluckt \the third passover follows the/ second chief Sabbath or Sabbath \passover/ of the second month \when the ears of corn were ripe/ Matt. 12.1. Luke 6.1. & three more parables relating to the seed-time \following/ Matt 13 & the fourth passover beheading of Iohn the baptist \& Herods hearing the fame of Iesus takes him for Iohn & return of the twelve/ & feeding of five thousand with 5 loaves & two little fishes \& Christ walking upon the sea in a tempest/ & the fourth passover Matt & the contempt of Christ by his countrymen Matt. 13.55. & 14.10, 13, 17, |25| & Iohn 6.4, 9, 19, \Luke 9.10, 13. & the mission of y^e 70/ & the feast of Tabernacles Iohn 7.2. & the last Passover Iohn 12.1. < text from f 1r resumes >

Ack|c|ording to this recconing the 70 weeks of Daniel will be Iewish, ending with sabbatical years, & the year of Christs passion will be sabbatical. This is also And that it was so |so| may be also gathered also from Christs \the/ alluding|sion| \of Christ & y^e Iews/ to y^e release of servants in the begi feast of Tabernacles in the beginning of the year sabbatical year, in saying \when he \Chris {sic}/ said/ to y^e Iews \at the in that feast/ If ye continue in my word — the truth shall make you free so & from the answer of \&/ the Iews, \answered/ We be Abrahams seed & were never in bondage to any man: h|H|ow sayest thou, Ye shall be made free Iohn 8.32, 33. For it was very usual with Christ to allude in his discourses to allude to things in view for|&| taking occasion from every thing to speak of \preach/ the gospel. // But if {illeg}|the| passion be placed a year sooner the difference of a year in recconing by weeks of years is no more to be considered then the difference of a day in recconing by weeks of days.

\\In explaining the weeks of Daniel/ We left it in doubt whether Christ died A. C. 33, or 3{illeg}|4|. But The first is the vulgar opinion but y^e latter seems more probable. For Herod was made king by y^e Senate - - - -/ ☉ Herod according to Iosephus reigned 37 years from his being declared king by the Senate & 34 years from the takin {sic} of Ierusalem \& death of Antigonus/ & these years end in Iuly or August |October or the beginning of November| two years & two months before the vulgar Æra by the first account, or three months sooner by the second.

☉ Herod was made king by the Senate ^{{illeg}|a|[1]} in \the end of/ Se|O|ctober or \beginning of/ t|N|ovember 39 years & about two months before the vulgar Æra \began/ & reigned thirty seven years ^b according to Iosephus & died on the sixt day of the Month Kisleu according to the Kalendar of the Iews. He died therefore in November two years & a month before the vulgar Æra |began| He died of a lingering disease & in the time of his sickness sent an Embassy to Rome & received letters back w^ch argues that circumstance agrees best with summer when the seas were navigable. And in the \Iosesephus {sic} tells us that/ soon after the sending of this embassy there was an Eclips of the Moon {n} And Christ might be born two or three \a few/ months before \his death/: for the children slain in Bethlehem were ^c under two-yearlings, that is not yet two ye entred upon their second year; & the wise men came from the east while Ioseph & Mary lodged \stayed/ in the i|I|nn with the new born babe & by this recconing Christ might be baptized in the end of the 15^th or beginning of the 16^th year of Tiberius before he was 31 years old. |But if he was born earlier he will be above 31 years old at his baptism.|

If from thence \his baptism/ there be recconed four Passovers to his passion his death will fall upon the \year of the/ vulgar Æra 33. But its more pro{illeg}|b|able that there were five. The first while Iohn was still baptizing, T Iohn 2.13. The second four months after Iohn's imprisonment. For Christ staid in Iudea baptizing till the imprisonment of Iohn & then went into Galilee four months before the harvest, Iohn 4.35, \& by consequence four months before the Passover. For that harvest was always between the Passover & Pentecost./ And after this there was a feast of the Iews & Iesus went up to Ierusalem Iohn 5.1. And therefore {illeg}|Th|is feast \being after \imprisonment of Iohn & by consequence after/ the feast of Tabernacles/ was either the second Passover or a later feast. And after this there were two more Passovers mentioned by Iohn chap. 6.4. & 12.1. And between the second & third of these four Passovers there was a Passover fift Passover \a week or perhaps/ a month before the second chief Sabbath when the disciples pluckt & eat the ripe ears of corn. Matt. 12.1. \Luke 6.1. For because the corn was then ripe, I understand/ B|b|y the second chief sabbath I understand the \either the 22^th of Nisan or/ the secondary Passover or Passover of the second month (Num. 9.11). In the first sabb Passover they offered the first fruits of the con|r|n before the harvest began: in the second the corn was ripe|.| |& the ripeness of the corn argues thus|

Christ began not to preach before the harvest began till after the imprisonment of Iohn Matt. 4.12, 17. After that he went about all Galilee teaching in their synagogues & hea{illeg}|l|ing all manner of diseases. And his fame went through all Syria & there followed him great multitudes from Galilee & from Decapolis & from Ierusalem & from Iudea \Matt. 4.23, 24, 25./. All this was before his sermon in the mount & required above four months & therefore the second passover was now past: for by the multitudes w^ch followed f him from Ierusalem & from Iudæa you may know that he {illeg} was returned from the second Passover. After all this he preached his sermon in the mount, & this was in Spring \suppose in the second or third month or fourth month/ when the grass & lillies of the field were in their beauty \& it was & ready to be set down/ Mat. 6.28, 30. Sometime \And/ a|A|fter \many other things the next seed time arrived, in allusion to w^ch Christ delivered three several parables at once Matt. 13. And then arose a great tempest in the sea/ there arose a great tempest in the sea (Mat. 8.24.) w^ch is an argument that it|the| |next| was winter \was now arrived/. And after this, Iesus went about all the cities teaching in the synagogues untill the time of the harvest approached|(| & by consequence {illeg} the third Passover |)| approached Matt. 9.35, 37. For the harvest <2v> was always between the Passover & Pentecost |And| After this Passover he sent the twelve to preach in the cities & villages, the summer half year being fittest for travelling Matt. 10.1. And then followe{d} the second chief sabbath when the disciples pluckt & eat the ripe ears of corn Matt. {illeg}12.1.

Hitherto Iohn remained in prison: for \at this time/ upon hearing of the fame of Iesus he sent to him two of his disciples. Matt. 11.2. And henceforward Iesus continued preaching & doing miracles untill \seed time arrived & Iesus in three several Parables delivered at once alluded to the time of sowing Matt. 13. & until{l}/ Iohn was beheaded in prison & the twelve returned to Iesus. \Then {illeg} Herod & some of/ & the people hearing of his fame said, it is Iohn the baptist who is risen from the dead Matt. 14.1, 2, 10, 12. Mark 6.14, 29, 2|3|0. Luke 9.6, 7, 10. And [ This rumor was in the \end of/ winter after the third Passover. For a little {p} before that time Iesus in three several parables alluded to the time of sowing Mat. XIII. 1 13.] And when some of Iohn's disciples had buried his body & came & told Iesus he departed into a desart place perhaps fearing to be apprehended by Herod. And non|t| long after, when the people heard where he was & followed him thither out of the cities he fed them there with five loaves & two little fishes, & walked on the sea Matt. 14.12, 13, 17, 25. Iohn 6.9, 19. And this was in the end of winter a little before the Passover (Iohn 6.4.) w^ch was therefore the fourth Passover. And after his going up to Ierusalem to this feast he sent the seventy to preach in the cities Luke 9.51, 52, 57. & 10.1. & afterwards went to the feast of Tabernacles (Iohn 7.2.) & was crucified in the Passover following.

He began to preach eight or nine months after the first Passover \& four months before the second/. In the first year of his preaching he called his disciples & instructed them. In the summer of the second year he sent twelve of them to go through the cities & villages of Iudea & teach the people. In the summer of the third year he sent seventy to do the like. On the Passover following he suffered \& this was in the sa/. And after seven years more the Gentiles were called. \And according to this recconing/ |He was born in autumn in the beginning of the sabbatical year, two years & three or four months before the vulgar Æra, the people going to Ierusalem in the|

According to this recconing the weeks of Daniel were Iewish ending with sabbatical years. And that the year of Christs passion was sabbatical may be also gathered from the allusion of Christ & the Iews to the release of servants in that feast of Tabernacles w^ch \next/ preceded his passion Iohn 8.32, 33. For it was very usual with Christ in his discourses to allude to things present, taking occasion from every thing \in view/ to preach the gospel. \The passion therefore was in spring \in the sabbatical year/ A. C. 34 Christ being \between/ 35 & \35 & 36/ years \& some months/ old:/ But if the passion be placed a year sooner, the difference of a year in recconing by weeks of years is no more to be regarded then the difference of a day \would be/ in recconing by weeks of days.

The law of the Iews & the Christians –

The Iews & time of the feast .|)| He died in the sabbatical year A. C. 34 being \was/ 30 years & about 10 or 11 months old at the time of his baptism & 35 years & six mon or seven months old at the time of his death. \& died in the middle of the sabbatical A. C. 34./ And in the feast of tabernacles preceding there was a release of servants Iohn 8.32, 33. which agrees well well with the feast of Tabernacles. sabbatical year.

first to the coast of the Red sea as the Israelites did \had done/ before under the codn|nd|uct of Moses. {In}|An|d {illeg}|this| sea being a|v|ery shallow & for that reason much calmer then the Mediterranea they readily applyed themselves to navigation upon it in such small vessels as were then in use. Hence it came to pass that when David had conquered Edom & thereby Eloth \Eloth &/ Ezion Gebar neare \& Eloth/ Eloth on y^e shoa|r|e of y^e Red sea came into his possession his son Solomon built a navy in Ezion Gebar & sent it on the Red sea with the fleet of Hiram king of Tr|y|re to Tarshish & Ophir for gold & silver & ivory & Peacocks (or Parrots) & Apes & pretious stones & Almug trees (by w^ch means the Queen of Sheba or Sabea in Arabia fælix heard of Solomon's glory) & Hiram sent \with Solo{illeg}|m|ons servants in/ in Solomons navy his own servants shipmen that \who/ had knowledge of the sea|.| with the servants of Solomon Solomon's servants were therefore novices & in sea affairs & Hiram's servants were experienced mariners well acquainted with these seas by former voyages of the Phœicians. For Hiram had also a navy upon y^e red sea 1 King 10.11, 22.

Strabo tells us after he had described the people of y^e barren regions upon y^e creek of the red sea between the Troglodites & Eloth, adds: Next these is the sinus Elanites or Eloth & the region of the Nabateans w^ch is populous & abounds with pastures & the Islands w^ch lye before them are inhabited by men w^ch anciently were quiet but afterwards began in great boats to rob those who navigated from Egypt but were punished for it being opprest by a navy set out against them. When those seas began to be frequented \w^th by merchants/ they began also to be infested with Pyrates till Sesostris set out a navy against them about the w w^ch whereby w^ch seems to have \whereby he seems also not only to have supprest/ \the Pyrates but also to have/ put an end to y^e merchandiz|c|e of y^e Iew Israelites & Phœniccians on those seas. {illeg}

The time when \Manetho tells \The shepherds {illeg} seating themselves in Phenicia Manetho/ that when/ the Shepherds were expelled Egypt Manetho expresses by saying that wh they went through the wilderness into Syria & built a city in the land which is now called Iudea w^ch might suffice for so many people & called it Ierusalem. \He confounds the shepherds with the Israelites as if the Israelites {came} were the shepherds expelled by Misphrasmuthosis & built Ierusalem upon their first coming out of Egypt, but where as the Israelites however by this circumstance he {illeg} came out of Egypt long before. But wh{illeg}|ils|t he conjoyns the expulsion of the shepherds w^th y^e building of Ierusalem he places it about the beginning of y^e reign of David or not long before. #/ < insertion from the top of f 4v > # For David reigned seven years in Hebron & then smote the Iebusites & took from them Iebus w^ch is Ierusalem & reigned there 33 years more & built Ierusalem round about & imployed the Canaanites in building it as Solomon did in building this houses & the Temple.^[2] For Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David & timber of Cedars with Masons & Carpenters to build him an house.^[3] Considering therefore that

Sidon was anciently the head city of Phenicia & continued so till & \so that/ the inhabitants of seacoasts of Phœnician were anciently called Sidonians, whence Homer makes frequent mention of|ten| \names/ Sidon & Sidonians but mentions not Tyre. Iustin tells us A rege Ascaloniorum expugnati Sidonij navibus appulsi Tyrum urbem ante annum ** Trojanæ cladis condiderunt. And accordingly Isaiah calls Tyre the daughter of Z|S|idon, & the inhabitants of the Isle whom the Merchan{ts} of Z|S|idon that pass over the Sea have replenished, & the Mart of nations whose revenue is the harvest of seed of Sihor [or Nile] the harvest of the river, that is the seed & harvest of y^e river Nile. Iosephus tells us that Tyre was built 240 years before the T|S|olomons temple, but the first king of Tyre mentioned in history is Abibalus the father of Hiram. If \Whether this trade of/ Tyre & Sidon traded to to Egypt before \began upon/ the expulsion of the Shepherds \or before/ its probale {sic} that many of the|m| Shepherds with their shipping retired out of Egypt to\when they were shut up in Abaris retired with their shipping to those cities &/ much increased their trade & \as well as/ the number of their people, Iosephus tells us that Tyre was built 240 years before Solomons Temple but [the first king of Tyre mentioned in history is Abibalus the father of Hiram [& therefore since Tyre in|| \was not famous till after/ the times of y^e Trojan war was famous enough to be mentioned by Homer I will suppose {illeg} that it] the f & in his days & Hirams the kingdome seems \been erected or at least/ to have grown considerable. For he enlarged \added to/ the city eastward, & made the το αστυ & built it For he|Hiram|^[4] \added to enlarged the cities eastward &/ built the city greater, & added to it \enlarged the cities/ eastward & joyned y^e Temple of Iupiter Olympius w^ch was in an Island he joyned to y^e city by |a ridge of| earth thrown between them & adorned the Temple of I w^th a golden Pillar gifts of gold, & demolishing the ancient Temples built new ones & dedicated the Temples of Hercules & Astartes. All w^ch argues that thi|e| kingdom of Tyre \the/ grew great {illeg} \we/ then began to flourish grow rich &\began to/ potent, it being usually w^th Kings to \usually/ built|d| their cities suitable to their {illeg}kingdoms, as |Kings upon founding or enlarging their kingdoms usually {illeg} build their cities accordingly \more larger/ & sumptuous accordingly as David & Solomon did Ierusalem & other cities of their kingdom & the Temple| Sesac did the cities & temples of Egypt, The but he the kings of Nineveh Media & Babylon & M Nebuchar|d|nezzar \the city/ Babylon, Dejores Zebatane & Augustus Rome. ^# < insertion from lower down f 3v > # And therefore from the buildings of Hiram \& his enlarging of the city/ it may be concluded that the kingdome of Tyre was either at this time either newly founded there was a new dominion erected at Tyre \by his under him & his father Abibalus/ under Habibalus & Hiram & if it be further considered that this dominion \in Solomons days/ extended to y^e Red sea & that the Phœnicians came first inhabited the coasts of that Red sea & came from thence into Phœnecia, it it seems highly probable that reasonable to beleive \think/ that upon their that upon their coming from the Rea {sic} this kingdom was founded under Abibalus by \the same people with/ those inhabitants of the Red sea {illeg} as Manetho tells\may be \further/ concluded that this kingdom was founded by those Phœnicians & the united to the old inhabitants of Tyre/ that is by the shepherds who, as Manetho tells us came, went \us, came/ from Egypt through the wilderness into Phœnecia|.| & that Abibalus was their first king. And as Hiram their second king \added new cities to the kingdom that is,/ enlarged the kingdom by conquest so its probable that their first king Abibalus founded it by the like conquest \unless you had rather say that the old inhabitants of Tyre received the shepherds into their kingdom body by compact & then so \by consent/ erected a new kingdom under Abibalus & enlarged it by their joynt forces under under {sic} him & his son Hiram. Now the first part of /. Now the first part of Hirams reign falling in w^th the latter part of Davids /reign,\ the first part of the reign of Abibalus \now/ must fall in \the first part of/ with y^e first part of Davids reign & by consequence the expulsion of y^e shepherds out of Egypt happened in y^e beginning of Davids reign or not long before as I noted above out of Manetho. < text from the top of f 4v resumes > & And so \So that whence And therefore/ from the buildings of Hiram it may be concluded that the kingdom of Tyre was \either/ newly founded or then began to [began then to \grow/ rich by trade & potent] by \its/ trade|fi|c & the co dominion at sea & f colonies sent into all parts of both y^e seas \began then to grow rich & potent/. We shall not err much therefore if we say that the Phœnicians began to grow rich \began to grow/ & potent at sea in the days of David & Solomon, presently after theei expulsion of their ma{illeg} body \of the shepherds/ out of Egypt putting them upon trafic & the search after new seats. For the first news we hear of the Phenician merchants in Greece was is in the story of Io the daughter of Inachus who|se| \rapture/ as we shall shew hereafter was in the time days of David.

Iosephus out of Manetho reccons about 20{2}|4| years between the reign of \Themosis the son of/ Misphragmuthosis \& his/ who expelled the Shepherds & Setho that of Sethosis or Sesac, according to w^ch recconing the Shepherds were expelled about 120 \or 130/ years before the reign of Saul. But the Egyptian chronology is very uncertain & generally errs in y^e excess of time.|*| < text from f 3r resumes > By w^ch circumstance the \he places the/ expulsion of the shepherds happened \a little a little before the building of Ierusalem \& the Temple/ & by consequence/ about y^e beginning of the reign of David or not long \not \very/ long/ before. For David reigned seven years in Hebron & then smote the Iebusites & took from them Iebus w^ch is Ierusalem & reigned there 33 years more & built the city round about \& imploy{illeg}d the Phœnicians & Shepherds \Canaanites/ in building it . For as Solomon did afterwards in building his house & the Temple. For Hiram/. ^[5] And Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David & timber of Cedars &|w|ith Masons & Carpenters to build him an house. [And \so/ Solomon imployed {illeg}|o|nly the Phœnicians & Canaanites /Its proble {sic} therefore that the shepherds were expelled Egypt in or immediately before /in\ the reign of Abi\ <4r> \Abibalus the father of Hiram & first king of Tyre mentioned in history./ in building the Temple. 1 King. 9.21, 23|2|.]

After the Phenicians began to frequent the Mediterranean & trade to Greece the Greeks there began to be \the Greeks also began to use the seas & had send colonies abroad & had/ frequent transactions between the Greeks & \w^th/ y^e nations of Phenicia & Egypt \whereby they became civilized in a short time & arts began to flourish among them. And/ And first the Phœnician Merchants stole away Io the daughter of Inachus & carried her into Egypt. Then the merchants of Crete s|i|n revenge stole away Europa the daughter of Agenor a Phenician king & \of her/ Arterius king of Crete married her & begat Minos Rhadamanthus & Sarpedon. At the same time \time Cadmus being sent by father/ Agenor sent his sons Cadmus & Phœnix in quest of Europa & C to seek his sister Europa brought letters into Greece & Evander with his mother Carmenta soon after carried them to Italy, & this gave a beginning to lea{illeg}|r|ning & history in Europe. For before this time a{illeg} there is no his the Europeans for want of letters have|d| no history \had have/ nothing more of history then the names of a few kings in Greece for 3 or 4 Generations backwards, w^ch they were able to remember till Cadmus taught them to commit things to writing. In those days days the Greeks seas About the same time Cecrops & Erectheus brought \a/ coloni|y|es from Egypt into Attica & & built Athens & Erectheus followed him with corn a great quantity of corn brought out of Egypt \& sowed in Parea/ & Ceres an Egyptian woman \& her son Triptolemus/ taught the Greeks to husbandry how to sow it. In those days the Greeks seas became much infested with Pyrates till Minos built a navy & suppressed them. About that time Sesac built long ships of larger size then formerly \in the red sea & Mediterranean/ & his brother Danaus sailed to Greece in one of them \w^th a new colony/: in imitation of w^ch the Greeks built the ship Argo w^ch was the first long ship built by the Greeks. Then also Dædalus invented sails for ships, so y^t navigation in a short time became very much improved|.| in Greece. \And/ These are the first antiquities of Greece \Europe/ of w^ch we have any certain memory.

{It has been the \{illeg}/ humour of mankind to raise the antiquity of nations to highs}

Before the invasion of Greece by the kings of Persia the k|G|reeks kept no certain account of time. All their ancienter chronology was guest at by later writers & by making the reign of their kings too long for the ordinary course of nature they have raised their originals too high. If we may reccon take three generations of men four generations of weomen & five {illeg}|rei|gns of kings one with another according to y^e ordinary course of nature to make an hundred years we may make a better guess.

Thus the 13|2| kings of Macedon w^ch preceded Orestes will take up 26|4|0 years w^ch but they are usually recconed at 400|5| years \w^ch is 165 years less then they are usually recconed/ the usuall recconing. And the seven \first/ kings of Rome w^ch preceded the Consuls will take up 140 years w^ch is 106 years more \less/ then the vulgar recconing. And the 15 kings of the Latines from Æneas \& y^e Trojan war includ/ to y^e Numitor & the founding of Rome will take up 300 years w^ch are \is/ 130 years less then y^e usually recconed allowed about 430 years \recconing/. And the first 8 kings of Argus (Inachus, Phoroneus &c, w^ch preceded Sthenelus & Danaus will take up 160 years w^ch is 213 years less then

After y^e Phœnicians began to frequent the Mediterranean & trade to Greece the Greeks also soon began to use the seas & send colonies abroad & hav|d|e frequent concerns w^th the Phœnicians & received colonies from them & formed themselves into po common wealths under \certain/ laws & forms of religion receiving from y^e Phœnicians the sacrifices|ing| of living men & from \them, &/ y^e Egyptians the worship|ping| of Iupiter & the Bacchinalia Bacchus Minerva \Ceres/ & other Gods, & the making of statues \images/ to them {offer} in the form of dead bodies w^th their eyes shut & their leggs bound together like y^e mummies of Egypt \w^ch was y^t/ w^ch till Dedalus began to ca\r/ve men alive with their leggs asunder. The first memory of the Phœnicians trading to Greece is in y^e stori|y|es of \Lycaon & Io ✝ < insertion from f 3v > ✝ Lycaon instituted \introduced/ the sacrificing of strangers \to Iupiter Lycæus in Arcadia to Iupiter Lycæus/ & Cecro in Lycæna city of Peloponnesus & the Greeks & sa & Cecrops brought a colony & \& this being done in the days of Deucalion a Prince of Thessaly/ the Greeks having heard of y^e Deluge of general Deluge \who had probably heard of the general Deluge/ \they/ f feigned that Iupiter in abhorrence of this f{illeg} sacrifice {illeg} drowned Thessaly with Deuclations flood overwhelmed Greece \drowned mankind w^th a flood w^ch they called Deucalion's/ w^th Deucalions flood, & thus made themselves their nation as old as tha the \general/ Deluge. For it was the humour of all nations to affect antiquity. \Before this flood/ Io the daughter of Inachus {illeg}|w|as stollen away by Phænician merchants & carried into Egypt. Then the merchants of Crete — < text from higher up f 3v resumes > Lycaon/ Io when they stole the daughter of Inachus whom they stole away & carried into Egypt. Then the merchants of Crete in revenge of this s injury stole away Europa the daughter of Agenor a k|K|ing or P{illeg}|r|ince of Phœnecia & of her Asterius king of Crete begat Minos Rhadamanthus & Sarpedon. At y^e same time Cadmus being sent by his father \the son of/ Agenor &{illeg} being sent to seek his sister Europa brought a colony of Phœnicians & Arabians into Greece & taught the \rude/ Greeks the use of these Phœnecian letters & Evander w^th his mother Carmenta soon after carried those letters into Italy & this gave a beginning to learning & history in Greece Europe. For before this time the Europeans for want of Letters ha could have nothing more of history then names & actions of a few kings 3 or 4 generations backwards {illeg} w^ch they were able to remember till Cadmus taught them to set down commit things to writing|.| About y^e same time \or not long before not long b/

Emendanda & addenda in Cap. 1

Pag. 6. l. 53. Post. 1689, was \☉/adde ♉ 21|4|. ^gr 23.' 27." & north Latitude 37.^gr 26.' 56." And the Equinoctial Colure cuts the Ecliptick in

P. 10. l. 48 47. Post a Greek ✝ adde. And the Chronologies of Gallia Spain Germany, Scythia, Suedeland, Britain & Ireland, are of a date still later. For Scythia beyond the Danube had no letters till Ulphilas their Bishop formed them w^ch was above 650 years after the death of Alexander the great. And Germany had none till it received them from the western Empire of the Latines, w^ch was above 700 years after the death of that king. The Hunns had none in the days of Procopius who flourished 850 years after the death of that king. And Sweden & Norway received them still later. And things said to be done above three or four generations before the use of letters, are of little credit.

P. 10. l. ult. Post taking of Troy. ☉ Adde. For Eurystheus was slain by Hyllus in the first attempt of Heraclides to return, & Atreus succeeded him, & after three years opposed them in their second attempt to return, & died just before Paris stole Hellena Menelaus being then gone from home to look after what his unkle \Grandfather/ Atreus had left him; & Hellena was stolen, according to Homer, twenty years before the taking of Troy. But in recconing 208 years &c.

P. 11. l. 10. Post originale ☉ adde. Herodotus tells us that the Egyptians & their Priests recconed from the reign of Menes to that of Sethon who put Sennacherib to flight, three hundred and forty generations of men & as many Priests of Vulcan, & as many kings of Egypt; & that three hundred generations make ten thousand years, (for, saith he, three generations of men make an hundred years;) & the remaining forty & one generations make 1340 years (he should have said 1366.) And so the whole time from the reign of Menes to that of Sethon was 11340 years. And by this way of recconing, & allotting long reigns to the Gods of Egypt who preceded Menes, Herodotus {tells} us from the Priests of Egypt, that from Pan to Amosis were 15000 years & from Heracules to Amosis 17000 years.

The Greeks & Latines have been \more/ modest in this point &c

Pag. 14. lin. 7. a Post Pisistratus ‡ an. 2. Olymp. 65; adde, the first annual Archon of Athens an. 1, Olymp. 5; & the first decennial Archons dying in their regency. And the death of Codrus king of Athens, & the Ionic migration under his sons might be about two hundred years earlier, or about 10 or 20 years after the return of the Heraclides; there reigning twelve Archons for life successively between the death of Codrus & the first decennial Archons, & six kings between the taking of Troy & the death of Codrus, viz^t, Demophoon, Oxyntes, Aphidas, Thymætes, Melanthus & Codrus, the third & fourth of w^ch reigned together but nine months years according to Chronologers.

Pag. 22. lin. ult. Post Minos. . adde. For Cadmus in coming to Greece, arrived first at Rhodes, an Island upon the borders of Caria, & left there a Colony of Phœnicians who sacrificed men to Saturn; & the Telchines being repulsed by Phoronæus, retired from Argos to Rhodes with Phorbas, who purged the Islands from serpents, & Triopas the son of Phorbas, carried a colony from Rhodes to Caria. And by this & such like Colonies, Caria was furnished with shipping & sea-men, & called ^e[6] Phœnice, Strabo ^f[7] & Herodotus tell us that the Cares were called Leleges, & became subject to Minos, & lived first in the islands of the Greek seas, & went <6r> thence into Caria a country possest even before by some of the Leleges & Pelasgi. Whence its probable that when Lelex & Pelasgus came first into Greece to seek new seats, they left part of their colonies in Caria & the neighbouring Islands.

Pag. 23. lin. 27. Lege. And this retiring of the Tyrians from the red sea to make long voyages on the Mediterranean, together with the flight of the Edonites from David, gave occasion to the

Ib. lin. lin. 37. Post Gades peopled by Phenicians. adde. So ^d[8]Solinus: In capite Bœticæ insula a continenti septingentis passibus memorantur, quam Tyrij a rubro profecti mari, Erythiam, Pœni sua lingua Gadir, id est sepen, nominarunt.

Ib. lin. 42. Post. wanted new seats ⟐ adde. Edom, Erythra, & Phœnicia are names of the same signification, the words denoting a red colour w^ch makes it probable that the Erythræas who fled from David, setled in Phœnicia, that is, in all the sea cost coasts of Syria from Egypt to Sidon; & by calling themselves Phenicians in the language of Syria instead of Erythreans, gave the name of all that sea coast.

|☉| < insertion from f 5v > ☉ Ib. l. 49 Dele. These Phenicians were - - - - - - with scriptures of the labours of Hercules, & scribe. These Phenicians were the Tyrians who at that time built Carthage in Afric & Tartessus in Carteia in Spain & Gab|d|es in the island of that name without the straits & gave the name of Hercules to their chief Commander because he sailed as far as the Egyptian Hercules had done before, & that of Heraclea to the city Carteia w^ch he built. So Strabo^c[9] :Mons Calpe ad dextram est e nostro mari foras navigantibus, et ad quadraginto inde stadia Vrbs Carteia vetusta ac memorabilis, olim statio navibus Hispanorum. Hanc ab Hercule quidem conditam aiunt, inter quos est Timosthenes, qui eam antiquitus Heracleam appellatam fuisse appellatam refert, ostendi adhuc magnum murorum circuitum & navalia. This Hercules, in memory of of {sic} his building & reigning over the city Carteia they called also Meleartus. And they built a temple to him also in the Island Gades, & adorned it with the sculptures of the labours of Hercules \\the king of Carteia/ Vnder him they sailed as far as Tarressus or Tarshish a place between the two mouths of the river Bœtis, And after his death they/ /& there met with much silver ^{d [10]} w^ch they purchased for trifles. And after his death they built a temple to him in the Island Gades & adorned {it} with the sculptures of the labours of Hercules.\ < text from f 6r resumes > Ib. lin. 56. Post Tyrij condidere \♀/ adde. For the Tyrians ^e[11] recconned Bacchus \to be/ their own, & Philostratus ^f[12] tells us that it was the Egyptian Hercules want to Gades & there setled the bounds of the earth:

Pag. 24. Lin. 11. Lege. And this temple & that of \w^ch/ Eurydice erected to her daughter by the name of Iuno Ars|g|iva, are the first instances that I meet with in Greece, &c

Ib. l. 60. Post David & Erectheus #, Adde & that the Temple of Iuno Argiva was built about the latter end of Davids reign, or the beginning of Solomons.

Pag. 25. lin 45. Pro Lycurgus Cepheus & Augeo ^a were &c Lege      The first kings of Arcadia were successively, Pelasgus, Lycaon, Nychimus, Arcas, Clytor, Epytus, Aleus, Lycurgus, Echemus, Agapenor, Hippothous, Epytus, Cypselus, Olæus &c, Vnder Cypselus the Heraclides returned into Peloponnesus, as above. Agapenor was one of those who courted Helena. He courted her before he reigned, & afterwards he went to the war at Troy, & thence to Cyprus & there he built Paphus. Echemus slew Hyllus - - - or thereabouts.

Pag. 30. lin. 62. Post 30 years after it. adde. And Homer ~ was of about the same age. For he ^c[13] lived sometime with Mentor in Ithaca, & there learnt of him many things concerning Vlysses, with whom Mentor ^c[14] {illeg}|h|ad there been personally acquainted. Now Herodotus, the oldest historian of the Greeks now extant, ^d[15] tells us that Hesiod & Homer were not above four hundred years older then himself; & therefore they flourished about 1{2}|0|0 or 120 years after the death of Solomon; & the taking of Troy was but one generation earlier.

Pag. 31. lin. 20. Pro Arcas the son of Callisto &c scribe. Lycaon died just before the flood of Deucalion as above, & according to Pausanias^[16] was contemporary to Cecrops, & had many children, & so might reign long, & Pelasgus was one generation older, being his father. If their two reigns together be recconed at about 50 or 60 years Pelasgus will be contemporary to the Prophet Samuel.

twelve Princes reigning in so many castles (Gen. 26.16.) as|An||d| as the posterity of Iacob according to the number of his sons continued in twelve distinct bodies or tribes in Egypt w^ch afterwards were seated in twelve distinct regions in Canaan each with his own Prince & Army & standard (Num. 1 & 2). So the Egyptians according to the number of their first fathers were distinguished from the beginning into several tribes or nations seated in several parts of Egypt each with its own Prince or \chief/ Captain & Armi|y|es : And {illeg} as Moses made laws for Israel \& united the Tribes under one Temple & Council common {illeg} High Priest & Common council/ so Thoth made laws for Egypt & |by| uniting every tribe under one common Council \& Metropolis & Market/ & Teml|p|le & mode of worship & Banner, prevented its breaking into such little kingdoms as were to be met with in Canaan & other places. And this I take to be the original of the Nomes of Egypt. But how these Nomes warred upon one another or confederated, what kingdoms arose out of them & what changes they underwent untill they became one Monarchy is not to be found in history, excepting what we meet with concerning the kingdom in the lower Egypt under w^ch Israel was in bondage, the invasion of that kingdom by the Shepherds & the conquest of the Shepherds by the kingdom of Thebes|a|is.

\& Egypt/ tho Mizraim is sometimes put for all Egypt including Pathros (        ) & sometimes \only/ for y^e lower Egypt or th & most commonly for the kingdom w^ch lay upon the mouths of the Nile.

Egypt & Mizraim extends from the Mediterranean

Egypt (called in scripture Masor, Misraim & the land of Ham & by the Coptites Missir & Cham) was a is a broad Valley between mountains & desarts running north & south between five & above 500 miles \on both sides y^e Nile in a streight line f 5000 furlongs in a streight line/ from the mediterranean sea to Syene an a town in an island of the Nile & Elephantine & \in/ the southern border {illeg} of Egypt. & the lesser Cataracts of the Nile. Its distinguished into two count lands, the lower a flat triangular land country upon the mouths of the Nile \about 3000 furlongs in compass/ called Delta by the Greeks & Rahab in scripture, & the upper a long valley on both sides the single streame of the Nile extending about 4200 furlongs from Delta to Syene. This part is again divided into two parts the lower called Heptanomis the metropolis of w^ch was & the upper called Thebais & in scripture the {illeg} the land of Pathros. {illeg} Next Next above the Cataracts was Phylæ w^ch called in scripture Phul (          ) & next above them the Chus or a^[17] the Megabar Æthiopians a people who used lances & buckets & clubs knotted with iron. The ethæ the Ethiopians used bows & lances an |y^e same valley on the banks of the Nile were watered by the Nile were on the eastern side of the Nile were the Ethiopians called the Megabars & Blemonyes & in scripture Chus. These extended as far as the Island Meroe w^ch & beyond it & \{illeg}{ against}/ on the western side of the {N}ile were the Nubians \called and/ a people not subject to the Ethiopians but under severall kings of their own {illeg} frequently at war| Phylæ was a town common to the Ethiopians & Egyptians. There were other Ethiopians sou westward & southward of these who used lances & large bows & darts & in scripture are called Lud.

Egypt is a long & narrow tract of land running north & south on both sides the Nile between mountains & desarts. The south end of this region is w^th y^e spacious country beyond it is Ethiopia. The middlemost tract is Thebais called in scripture the land of Pathros & the rest below Thebais was called Mizraim This last was distinguished into two parts the higher & narrow country called Heptanomis by the Greeks, & the lower a broad & flat country upon the mouths of Nile called Delta by the Greeks & Rahab in scripture. The Metropolis of Thebais was Thebes called in scripture No Ammon that is the City or {sic} Ammon or Iupiter & by the Greeks Diospolis. The Metrop In the south end of Thebais between the Nile & the Red sea, wet|st|ward from Berenice a city upon y^e red sea & not far from Thebes was C the City Coptus & the Nomus Coptites whose people gave y^e name of Coptites to all the old Egyptians as their reliques are still called. Whence the Greeks formed {illeg} ἆια Κόπτου, Egypt. Probably the Coptities founded Thebes & thereby spread their name with their dominion. The Metropolis of Heptanomis was Noph Moph or Memphys a city on y^e western side of the Nile just above y^e Delta. Near this city were the fields where the Egyptians buried their dead & built Pyramids to their memory. Within a mile or two below Memphys the Nile begins to divide it self into several streames t{o} water the Delta. The main stream runs through the middle of the Delta & is called the Thermusiac \river or Sebennitic/ Ostium. The first stream w^ch parts from it runs on y^e eastern side of the Delta & is called the Bubastic river or Pelusia{illeg}c Ostium, t{he} next steam w^ch separates from y^e main channel runs on the western side of the Delta & called the Canobic ostium. Between These are the three biggest streams & between them are several others. In the way from Syria into Egypt at y^e entrance of Egypt stands Pelusium about three miles from y^e sea stands the Pelusium, \called also/ Sen, Abaris, Setron & Pithom & upon the over against it westward from it upon y^e eastern bank of the Bubastic river stood Ramesses. These were the two cities w^ch the Israelites built for Pharaoh & between them lay the feild of land of Goshem where Israel was in bondage. In the eastern border of Eg & on the other side of this river l was the field & city of Zoan or Tanis. On the eastern side border of Egypt about 1500 furlongs above Pelusium stood the city On Aven or Heliopolis whose Priest Potiphe Potifera|phera| gave \named/ his daughter Asenath to Ioseph. An The way between these two cities was over \through/ a Desart through \over/ w^ch there was an open access from east into Egypt until Sesach fenced Egypt on that side w^th a great ditch of water carried from Pelusium to Heliopolis. The Ethiopic nations are in scripture called Chus & Lud & Phul. Phul is Phylæ & Elephantine a country next above Thebais Lud      A

twelve princes reigning in so many castles (Gen. 25.16) & as the posterity of Iacob according to the number of his sons continued in twelve distinct bodies or tribes in Egypt w^ch afterwards were seated in twelve distinct regions in Canaan each with his own Prince, Army & Standard (Num. 1, 2|&| 2) so the Egyptians according to the number of their first fathers were distinguished from the beginning into several tribes or nations seated in several parts of Egypt each with its own Prince or chief Captain & Army. And as Moses made laws for Israel & united the Tribes under one Temple & High Priest & Sanedrim or Common Council so Thoth made laws for Egypt & by uniting every Tribe \or Nome/ under one common Council & Metropolis & Market & Temple & mode of worship & Banner, prevented its breaking into such little kingdoms as were to be met with in Syria & other places. And this I take to be the original of the Nomes in Egypt. But how these Nomes warred upon one another or confederated, what kingdoms arose out of them & what changes they underwent and untill they became one Monarchy is not to be found in history, excepting what we m|m|eet with concerning the kingdome in the lower Egypt under w^ch Israel was in bondage, the invasion of that kingdome by the shepherds & the conquest & expulsion of the shepherds by the kingdome of Thebais.

In the kingdom where Israel was in servitude are mentioned these cities, Pithom, Ramsesses, On & Zoan Gen. 41.45. Exod. 1.11. Psal. 78.12, 43. Pithom was a city at the entrance of Egypt in the way from Syria about thre miles from the sea. It was otherwise called Sethron, Abaris, Sin & Pelusium. On or Aven was Heliopolis a city in the eastern border of Egypt about 1500 furlongs above Pelusium. The way between them was over a Desart through w^ch there was an open access from the east into Egypt untill Sesach fenced Egypt on that side with a great ditch of water carried from Pelusium to Heliopolis. Almost parallel to this ditch ran the eastern stream of the Nile called the Bubastic river or Pelusiotic ostium lay the country of Tanis or Zoan an ancient city w^ch was built seven years after Hebron, ( Num. 13.22). These thre cities were the Metropolises of three Nomes, the Sethroite, the Helipolitan & the Tanite. Vpon the eastern bank of the Bubastic river was the city Ramesses & Pharaoh's c|C|ourt & the <9r> between Pithom & Ramesses lay the land of Goshen. For Pithom & Ramesses were cities of treasure (that is fortified cities,) w^ch the children of Israel built for Pharaoh (Exod. 1.11) & therefore were seated in or neare the land where Israel dwelt. &|A|nd that land was in the territory or country of Ramesses (Gen. 47.11) bordering upon the River (Exod. 1.22. & 2.3, 8) & in the way from Syria to Pharaohs court (Gen. 46.28, 29) & Pharaoh's court was seated upon the same bank of the River (Exod. 2.5 & 7.15, 20 & 2|8|.20) or so neare to that land that Ioseph (the second man in Egypt) upon notice given by his brother Iudah went thence to meet his father in Goshen (Gen. 46.28, 29) & that when the first born of the Egyptians were slain at midnight, Pharaoh sent for Moses & Ara|ar|on & by their hand sent away the children of Israel the same night & they prepared for their journey & borrowed jewels & rayment of the Egyptians the same night, & in the morning under the conduct of Moses & Aaron began their journey from Ramesses the city w^ch they had been building & journied that day to Succoth a place in the desart where they baked cakes of unleavened bread (Exod. 12.29, 31, 37 & Num. 33.2). From all w^ch it may seem that Pharaoh then resided in the city of Ramesses tho Zoan became afterwards the roy{illeg}|al| city of the lower Egypt w^ch is therefore called the field of Zoan, Psal. 78.12, 43.

Doves in the ancient fables of the Greeks are put for Priestesses as Bochart has shewed, the same Greek word πελειαδες signifying both. The |^{[Editorial Note 2]}the Temple of Iupiter Trophe And this housing y^e y^e dead with glorious names, building \& Oracles &/ temples to them with Festivals \& sacrifices/ Oracles & Festivals & sacrifices, made it easy for Sesostris \&Iris & Orus/ to set up the worship of the|ir| priests in all Egypt. the Nomes of Egypt, & for the Greeks after the Example of the Egyptians to set up the worship of their kings & great men in all Greece. All this being done in Egypt before the death of Isis & in Greece before the Tr fall of ruin of Troy \& no/ so that {series} {the} & new \Gods with/ Oracles or Gods having been since recon admitted \by the nations/ into the number of the old ones we may safely conclude y^t y^e 4|f|our ages of the Gods so much celebrated by antiquity ended in Egypt w^th the death of Isis in Greece w^th the destruction of Troy.|

Strabo places the Soanes or Suanes upon the mountain Caucasus on the north of the Cochos in the nei{illeg} & Dioscurias \& Ptolomy on the north side of the mountain. And Strabo/ & saith that they were the stoutest of all tho|e|se northern Scythian nations, & had a king & a c|C|ouncil of 300 men & had an army of 200000, & that the torrents brought gold to them from the mountains w^ch they It seem w^ch they gathered w^th \woolly/ sheepskins, whence {illeg} whence the fable of y^e golden fleece might be occasioned. It seems y^e {illeg} progress of Sesostris \after his conquest of Persia & India/ was stopt by Sesostris & this nation, & therefore he left turned back & left leaving \left/ Prometheus at mount Caucasus with a part of his army to guard his conquests from them, & \&/ proceedin|ed|g through Asia minor into Egypt; & meeting there with new repulses he returned throuhg Asia into Egypt leaving \several/ Colonies of Egyptians. to cultivate & guard the pass between y^e Euxine & Caspians \seas/. So Valerius Flaceus.        And Strabo tells us that there was another body of Amazons \{illeg} seated/ in Albania, doubtless a colony of Se

– & the Oracles \Th|e|ples/ of Apollo at Delos, at Didyma \of the Milesians/, at Larissa, \of the Argives at Abæ in Phocis./ at Claros in Ionia, at Eutresis in Bœotia, {illeg}|a|t Orope \& Tegyræ/ in Eubœa, at Corype in Thessaly, — the \several/ temple|s| of Apollo \one/ in y^e Island Delos, &|a||not|that|er| \also of Apollo/ at Larissa a fort of the Argives, that of Apollo \another/ at Didyma in Ionia built by the Milesians, that \another/ of Apollo at Abæ in Phocis, that

¹ the Temple of Lucothea \that is of Ino/ the daughter of Cadmus built in the kingdom of Cholchos by Phryxus \Strabo. l. 11. p. 498. c.)/ |th|at ⁵ of Ceres at Patræ a city of Patræ in Achaia. (Pausan l. 7. c. 21) that of Hercules Mercury at Pharæ a city of Achaiæ of Æsculapius at Epidaurs|u|s a city of Peloponnesus (Pausan ³ Pasiphae in|at| Thalamiæ a city of Laconia (Plutarch in Agide. . ) ² {tha}t of Ino or Leacoth in the way between Thalamiæ & Oel|t|ylus in Laconia (Pausan l. 3. c. 26) ⁴ that of Æsculapius at Epidaurus a city of Poloponnesus frequented by sick for remedies revealed to them by dreams .|(|Pausan l. 2. c. 27.

– such as were the Oracle of Apollo \Iupiter/ at Dodona,              that of Apollo at Delpos {sic}

such as were

the Temples of Apollo at Delos in the {illeg} at Delos

the \several/ Temples of Apollo one \that ofAppollo {sic}/ in the Isand {sic} Delos (                            ) another \of Apollo/ at Larissa a fort of y^e Argives (Pausan l. 2. c. 24.    ) \of Apollo Branchides built by the {illeg}es Macrob. Saturnal. (l . 1. c. 171. Herod l. {illeg}|4|1. c). another/ {illeg}|a|t Didyma in Ionia built by the Argives Milesians \& consulted by all the Ionians & Æonians /, another at Abæ in Phocis \Herod l. 1. c. 46. Steph. in Αβαι) another of Apollo Da{pna}/ &c the Temple of Ceres at Patræ a city of Achaia (Pas|u|san l. 7. c. 21) that of Pasiphae at Thalamiæ a city of Laconia (Plutarch in Agide) that of Leucothea that is of Ino the daughter of Cadmus built in the kingdom of Colchos by Phryxus (Strabo l. 11. p. 498. c.) another of Ino in the way between Thalamiæ & Oetylus in Laconia (Pausan l. 3. c. 26.)

And in like manner the w

Oracles were set up in

And in like manner the worship of Dead men was set up in Greece by Oracles & b & these Oracles began to be erected about two generations before the Argonautic expedition, the \two/ first Oracles in Greece being that of the Pelasgians at Dodona, brou \set up to/ erected by an |a woman brought frō| Egyptian woman [ at the same time that another Egyptian woman at set up the Oracle of Iupiter Ammon in Ly|i|bya {illeg} in a Temple built by Danaus. [And Herodotus tells us that before the Greeks began /& that of Iupiter consulted by Minos in a Cave in Crete And the Oracles of Iupiter consulted by Minos in Crete was of a Cave in Crete was of about the same age\. to set up Oracles they had no variety of names of Gods for various Gods but called them only by the name of Gods, or P & that by the dictates of the Oracle of Dodona the Pelasgians received the names of - - - - - - - - to the weomen attending on Venus.] And after the example of their Oracles there were a great multitude of other Oracles soon erected in \all/ Greece as the Oracle of Iupiter Olympus Apollo in the Temple of Delphos, that of Iupiter Olympius in the Temple at Olympia near Elis, the temple of Oracle of Apollo in a temple in the Island Delus the Oracle of Iupiter Trophonius in a cave, the Oracle of Apollo <10v> Branchides at D in a temple at Didyma built erected \built/ by the Milesians, f & frequented by all the Ionians & Æolians, another of Apollo in a temple at Larissa a fort of the Argives, another of Apollo in a temple at Abæ in Phocis, another of Ceres in a temple at Patræ a city of Achaia, another of Pasiphae at Thalamiæ in a temple at Thalimiæ in a city of Laconia another of Leucothea, that is of Ino the daughter of Cadmus in a temple built in the kingdom of Colchos by Phrixus, another of Ino in a temple built in the way between Thalamiæ & Oetylus in Laconia, another of Amphiaraus one of the seven captains who warred against Thebes. Mercury had his Oracle at Pharæ a city of Achaia, the Muses theirs at Træzen a city of Peloponnesus, set up by Adalus the son of Vulcan \from whence they were called Ardalides,/ Hercules had his at|n| |Oracle at| Bura in Achaia, & Apollo had one at Claros instituted by Manto the daughter of Tiresias in the time of y^e second Theban war called the war of the Epigoni. And divers \several/ other Oracles there were in Greece were in those days erected in Greece some of w^ch remained in vogue till the times of the Persian Empire & are mentioned by historians from that Empire \& some till the times of the Roman. But when the Romans prevailed the Orac{illeg}|l|es gre{illeg}|w| siled|n|t meeting with no encouragement. For they did not use to give answers at any time but to such men as brought them presents./

Herodotus tells us that before the Greeks - - - - - - - clouded the history of the ages of the Gods

Now by honour the kings & \Princes/ Priests of Egypt \& Greece/ by honouring their dead men with great men after death with glorious new names \& with hymns composed to honour of their memory in their praise/ & wi{illeg}|t|h altars & Temples & Priests for sacrificing to them, & with Oracles at \& furnishing/ their Altars to|&| Temples with Oracles to make the nations beleive that they \dead/ were still alive & took care of \knew things present & to come & governed/ humane affir|ai|rs & knew things to come. & by causing the Oracles to dictate wo the worship of \the/ dead men {illeg} & the forms & ceremonies of worshipping them & to give such answers \upon occasions/ as might tend to the honour \credit/ of the Oracle, the wealth of the Temple {illeg}|&| the \honour &/ advantage of |the \kings &/ Priests| the Priests & great men the Kings Priests & great men of the country nations: \& great men: the kings & Priests of Egypt & Greece bu/ |were enabled| in a short time to set up the worship of their dead ancestors in all Egypt & Greece. For Sesos \By/ These practices made it \was it became/ easy for Sesostris Orus & Isis to|&| set up the worship their great counsellour Thoth to set up the worship of their dead friends in all Egyp the Nomes of Egypt \before the death of Isis/ & for the Greeks afte\after/ the example of the Egyptians to set up the worship of their dead kings & heros in all Greece: & \For/ by these practises the worship of the dead overflowed all Gree{k}|c|e w^th such a torrent \spread Greece so quickly/ that Hesiod who lived in the age next after the Trojan war wrote that there were then so great a multitude of Gods in Greece, that \there were three thousand deified daughters & as many deified sons/ deified daughters of Occanus & Thetis were amounted to three thousand & their \deified/ sons were as many ^[18] \then thirty thousand Gods in Greece/ besides \all/ the rest of their \greater/ Gods & their deified sons & daughters \of all the rest of the Gods./. And after Greece was replenished with Gods & \the worship of the chief of the chief of/ these Gods, by were established by began to be celebrated by began to be reve\re/nced \was established & by f custome by the custome \& antiquity/ of worshipping them & ant/ for their \some/ &|a|ntiquity & celebrated by the Poets, it grew difficult to make any new Gods take place amongst the old ones w^th equal credit & honour. The custome of consecrating dead men continued in use in all ages while the heathen religion lasted, but no new Gods could ever attain the honour of being numbred amongst the Dij magni majorum gentium. Seing therefore that the worshop of the great Gods of Egypt wer|as|e set up in all the Nomes of Egypt before y^e death of Isis & the worship of the th|g|reat Gods of Greece was set up in all Greece before the end of the Trojan war: we ret ruin of Troy:|;| & the wa & no new Gods w^th Oracles have been since admitted by the nations into the number of the old ones: we may safely conclude that the number \four ages/ of the Gods so celebrated by antiquity ended in Egypt with the death of Isis & in Greek|ce| with the return of the Greeks from the Trojan war.

We have told you that when Bacchus invaded Greece he was enterteined by Amphi|y|cty|i|on the son of Deucalion - - - - - - - - - - - - - enterteined Bacchus & his great men & erected an altar to him & building a temple to Iupiter Phyxius instituted an annual festival to him \another alter {sic} to the twelve Gods/ in memory of his escape built a Temple to Iupiter Phyxius, & instituted an annual festival w^ch was kept at Athens.

They tell us that when the rain fell w^ch overflowed the kingdō of {illeg} Deucalion - - - - - the fleece to Iupiter Phyxius. This re They tell us also that when Deucalion instituted an annual festival to Iupiter Phyxius & that the Athenians observed this festival \in the temple of that God/ th upon the first day of the month Anthesterion \in the/ & shew pouring an offering into a hole in the earth <11r> in memory of the waters the flowing down there in the time of the flood: all w^ch savours of a allegory. When Bacchus with his army had conquered Thrace & invaded \invaded/ the kingdom of Deucalion invaded Greece, Deucalion fled from this army as from a flood. He fled to Athens, for there he built a temple & instituted a festival to Iupiter Phyxius, there Amphictyon the son of Deucalion enterteined Bacchus & erected an altar to him & there Deucalion built an altar to y^e 12 Gods of Egypt w^ch was the first step of setting up the worship of those Gods in Greece.

Deucalion is reputed a Scythian - - - - - - - - son of Iupiter.

We have told you that Bacchus invaded Greece in the days of Amphictyon the son of Deucalion & was enterteined by Amphictyon at Athens. This was that Amphictyon who by the advice \& assistance/ of Deucal Acrisius erected the Amphictyonic Council appointing it to meet every spring & autumn at Delphos in the temple of Apollo & at Thermopylæ in the temple of Ceres|.| & his \And whose & whose His/ father Deucalion w|b|uilt an altar to the twelve Gods, & thereby made the first step of introducing the worship of the Gods into Greece, This is that Deucalion \&/ In whose \his/ days, \as/ the ancients feigned, that a great great f|G|reece was overflowed, meaning by the flood {illeg} (if I mistake not) the overflowing of Greece by the armies of Sesostris. For in the allegorical language of the ancients a flood was an invasion was called a flood. In this|e| days \of this Deucalion/ Greece was overflowed not by a flood of real waters but by y^e armies of Sesostris. For in y^e allegorical language of the ancients, w \nations & {illeg} waters & armies/ peoples were ca called represented by waters & an invasion by a flood. Whether there \was/ another Deucalion the father of Hellen & king of Athens I leave to {illeg}|be| examined.

These & \several/ others were set up before the end of y^e Trojan war

Doves in the ancient fables of the Greeks are put up for Priestesses, as Bochart, & Marsham \& Potter/ ^[19] have shewed. And, saith Herodotus ^[20], the Oracle at Dodona is the oldest in Greece & is very like that at the Egyptian Thebes, & the way of divining in temples came from Egypt. Oracles were set up by the Politicians for give|i|ng \divinity to dead men &/ laws to y^e people \living/. Zaleucus pretended to receive his laws from the Goddess Vesta, Numa his from the Goddess Egeria, Minos his from the Cretan Iupiter. Lycurgus ^[21] backt his laws by the authority of the Delphic Oracle. When Acrisius erected the Amphictyonic Council & & {sic} built a temple \was built/ at Delphos for them to meet in, the Temple was furnished with an Oracle not for governing the Council but for influencing the people \& bringing wealth to the Temple & credit to the God./. And the same is to be understood of all the Oracles in Temples built by publick authority.: such as were the Temple of Iupiter in Thebes built by the king of Egypt who reigned in that city; the Temple of Iupiter Ammon in Libya built by Danaus in the reign of his brother Sesostris; [the The {sic} Temple of Iupiter at Dodona built \at the same time/ by the Pelasgians for all Pelasgia; the Temple of Iupiter Olympius in Olympia neare Elis.] \☉/ < insertion from f 12v > ☉^[22] that of Apollo in the island Delos, another of Apollo Branchides at Didyma built by the Melesians & consulted by all the Ionians & Æolians, another of Apollo at Larissa a fort of the Argives, another \of Apollo/ at Abæ in Phocis, the temple of Ceres at Patræ a city of Achaia, that of Pasiphae at Thalamiæ a city of Laconia, that of Leucothea, that is of Ino the daughter of Cadmus, built in the kingdom of Colchos by Phryxus, another of Ino in the way between Thalamiæ & Oetylus in Lacomia < text from f 12r resumes > & as many of the Temples of the Nomes or Provinces of Egypt as had Oracles in them. For Sesostris divided Egypt into 36 Nomes & built a Temple for every Nome \or Church/ & all these Temples had their Councils of Elders or Senators who met at set times of the year to consult & regulate the affairs of the Nome & Temple, the people of the Nome also coming together to sacrifice & feast together & to buy & sell. For the several Nomes had their several Gods & several ways of worshipping their Gods & these Gods had their Oracles some of w^ch continued in vogue till the days of Herodotus, as the Oracles of Hercules & Apollo in their cities, that of Minerva in the city Sais, that of Diana in the city Bubastis, that of Mars in the city Pampremis, that of Iupiter in Thebes, that|os||e| of Apis \& Serapis/ in the|ir| temples of Apis; but of all the Oracles that of Latona in the city of Buti remained most in repute. And these Oracles were not all alike but delivered themselves in different manners. And indeed I do not see how Sesostris could have set up \so many Gods &/ so many religions in Egypt as there were Nomes & Temples, if he had not furnished the temple of every Nome w^th an Oracle in the beginning.

Herodotus^[23] tells us that before the Greeks began to set up Oracles they had no variety of names for various Gods but called them only by common names of Gods: By \& that by/ the \& that by the/ dictates of the Oracle of Dodona the Pelasgians received the names of the Gods of Egypt & propogated them into all Greece|.| before And soon after ^[24] by the dictates of the Delphic Oracle & prophesying of Pegasus Melampus & Orpheus the Greeks received the worship of Bacchus. But under these names they worshipped their own dead men, it being usual to consecre|a|te the dead by new names \for promoting their worship , as {sic}/; as by giving the name ^3|2| of Bacchus to the son of Semele, ^2|3| that of Hercules to \Alcæus/ the son of Alcmena, that of Pan to the son of Penelope, ¹ that of Iupiter to Minos \Trophonius, Agamemnon & other kings/, {illeg}|4| that of Neptune to Erecth|h|theus & Æolus, |7| that of Mars to the father of Alcippa <13r> |6| that of Mercury to the son of Maia, \9/ that of Thetis to the mother of Achilles, \{4}|5|/ that of Leucothea to Ino the daughter of Cadmus, \5|6|/ that of Palæmon to her Melicertes, \10/ those of the Muses to the daughters of Pierus, & those \11 those of the Graces to the weomen attending on Venus, And so the Egyptians & other nations gave the names of {sic}/ of Osiris, Bacchus, Belus, Hyperion, Ilus, \Dionysus/ Mars, Hercules to Sesac And this confusion of names & persons |& those of the Gods of the Nomes of Egypt to the great men of {illeg}|his| court, & those of Baal, \Baalim/ Melech, \Melcone/ Asteroth to the k dead kings & Queens of the cities of the east. And this changing of names & calling several dead men by the same new name & the same dead man by several new names| has very much clouded the history of the ages of the Gods.

When Bacchus invaded Greece he was entertained by Amphictyon the son of Deucalion, & in memory thereof there were set up at Athens in a cell consecrated to Bacchus, many earthen statues & amongst them the statue of Amphictyon enterteining Bacchus & the Gods, & also the statue of Pegasus of Eleutheris who first introduced the worship of Bacchus amongst the Athenians. This was that Amphictyon who by the advice of Acrisius erected the Amphictyonic Council appointing it to meet every spring & autumn at Delphos in the temple of Apollo & at Thermopylæ in the temple of Ceres. They tell us that when the rain fell w^ch overflowed the kingdom of Deucalion in Thessaly \& Lycorea/, he fled from the rain to Athens & in memory of his escape built there a Temple to Iupiter Phyxius. This cannot be understood literally without a miracle. For Athens was lower then Thessaly & Lycorea, & no man without a divine admonition would fly from rain before he was in danger by the rising of the waters, & then the waters would hinder his flight. Iupiter Phyxius signifies the Iupiter of them that fly escape by flying. So the Scholiast of Pindar ^[25] tells us that when Phryxus fled from his stepmother & came \escaped/ to Colchos he consecrated the fleece to Iupiter Phyxius. When Sesostris invaded & overflowed Thessaly, Deucalion fled with his son Amphictyon to Athens & there they made their peace with Bacchus. For there Amphictyon enterteined Bacchus & his great men There Deucalion erected an Altar \also/ to the 12 Gods & \& erected an altar to him, & th th{illeg} as/ instituted an annual festival to Iupiter Phyxius w^ch was long observed. And by these & such like practises the worship of the Dij magni majorum gentium was set on foot in Greece.

Deucalion is {by} reputed a Scythian, & might with a body of Scythians invade Thessaly & erect a kingdom there before the coming of Sesostris. \ Strabo^[26] relates that the Delphic Oracle was a Bæo a woman of Delphos in a hymn composed by her related th wrote that the Delphic Oracle was dedicated to Apollo by a people coming from the Hyperboreasis amongst whom were Pagasus, Agyieus, & {Oben} & Deucalion might be their king./ And whether thes|r|e be another Deucalion the father of Hellen \& son of Prometheus/ & another Amphictyon the son of that Deucalion & king of Athens I leave to be examined. For Prometheus was an Egyptian contemporary to \Atlas &/ Sesostris, & Hellen was much older & b is by some called the son of Iupiter^[27].

between them T without naming the kings who reigned \in those intervalls/. Those intervalls were therefore invented since the days of Herodotus & are to be neglected, & no more kings allowed then those which he names. And they are these. Iupiter, Ammon & Iuno, Osiris & Isis, Horus, Menes, Busiris I, Busiris II, Osymanduas, Vchoreus, Myris, Sesoosis I, Sesoosis II, Amasis, Actisanes, Mendes vel Marrus, Proteus, Remphis, Chembis, Chephren, Mycerinus or Cherinus, Gnephactus, Boccaris, Sabacus, Duodecim Reges Psammiticus, ** Uaphres, Amasis. In reciting the kings w^ch follow Actisanes & some of those w^ch precede him, namely Menes, Myris, Sesoosis I, & Sesoosis II, Diodorus agrees with Herodotus. Amasis & Actisanes an Ethiopian who conquered him I take to be the same w^th Anysis & Sabacus in Herodotus. Osimanduas is the same with Menes in Herodotus, & Busiris is the same with Osiris, the Greeks deducing the names from the Egyptian lamentations O-Siris, Bu-Siris. \For/ Diodorus saith that the Tumb of Osiris where they sacrificed red men was called Busiris, & the building of Thebes he ascribes to both Osiris & Busiris. He {illeg} omits Nitocris & Nechus & Psammis & next before Sabacus adds Gnephactus & \his son/ Boccaris. These two kings reigned successively at Memphys \after Asychis/. And at the same time Anysis or Amosis reigned \in the lower Egyp/ at Amysis or Hanes (Isa. 30.4.) Petabastes Osorchon & Psammis at Tanis, Stepanates, Nechepsus & Necheus as|t| Sais, \Senscoris or Sesonchis, Osorchon & Tacellotis at Bubaste/ & perhaps others at some other places. And Egypt being weakened by this division was invaded & conquered by the Ethiopians under Sabacon|us|, who slew Boccharis & Nechus & made Anysis fly.

Isaias^[28] speaking of the times next preceding the reign of Sabacon, mentions the kingdoms seated at Zoan or Tanis & Noph or Memphis. I will set, saith he, the Egyptians against the Egyptians & they shall fight every one against his neighbour, city against city & kingdom against kingdom — And the Egyptians {illeg}

After the study of Astronomy was set on foot{illeg} of navigation, & the Egyptians by the heliacal ri{sing}{illeg} of the stars had determined {the} length of the so{lar}{illeg} days & by other observations had fixed the so{lar}{illeg} the fixt stars into asterisms ({all} which was don{e}{illeg} Ammon Sesak & Memnon:) it may be pres{umed}{illeg} {con}tinued to observe the motions of the Planets{illeg} them after their Gods; & Nic{illeg}psos their{illeg} of Petosiris a Priest of Egypt, {in}vented A{illeg} upon the aspects of the Planets. {A}nd{illeg} Sabacon invaded Egypt, a bo{dy}{illeg} Babylon & ca{illeg} Astrology A{illeg} & this wa{illeg} of Asa i{illeg} reign, t{illeg} years{illeg} re{illeg}

In the Dynasties of Manetho, Sevechus is made the successor of Sabacus, but I take them both to have been one & the same king. He is that So or Su{illeg} with whom Hoshea king of Israel in the conspired against the Assyrians in the 4^th year of Hezekiah, Anno Nabonass. 24. For Herodotus tells us that Sabacus after a long reign relinquished Egypt voluntarily, & that Anysis who had fled from him, returned & reigned again in the lower Egypt, & was succeeded by Sethon, & that Sethon defended Pelusium against the army of Sennacherib & was relieved by a great multitude of mise which eat the bowstrings of the Assyrians: in memory of which the Statue of Sethon (seen by Herodotus) was made with a mouse in its hand. A mouse was the Egyptian symbol of destruction, & the mouse in the hand of Sethom signifies only that he overcame the Assyrians with {illeg}|a| great destruction. The Scriptures inform us that when Sennacherib invaded Iudea & besieged Lachish & Libnah, (w^ch was in the 14^th year of Hezekiah, Anno Nabonass. 34) the king of Iudah trusted upon Pharaoh king of Egypt, that is upon, Sethon, & that Te|i|rhakah was \king of Ethiopia/ came out also to fight against Sennacherib ~ (2 King. 18.21. & 19.1|9|) Which makes it probable that when Sennacherib heard of the kings of Egypt & Ethiopia coming against him, he went \from Libnah/ to Pelusium to oppose them & was there surprized & set upon in the night by them both, & routed with a great a slaughter as if the bowstrings of the Assyrians had been eaten with \by/ mise. After this victory Tirhakah carried his arms westward through Libya & Afric to the straits mouth, & was succeeded by Meores or Ammerres. But Herodotus tells us that the Egyptian Priests recconed Sethon the last king of \who reigned/ Egypt \was/ before the 12 contemporary kings, & by consequence before the invasion of Egypt by the Assyrians.

For Asserhadon king of Assyria in the reign {of} Manasses king of Iudah invaded {& conq}uered Egypt & Ethiopia & reigned over them three years \(Isa. 20.3, 4.)/ {illeg}at is untill \{illeg}w^ch was/ in the year of Nabonassar 80|1|.

^{[Editorial Note 5]}{illeg}in Abaris. And {illeg}\{H}eliopolis./ And then reigned {illeg}is of the upper {illeg}found in {illeg}t expelling {illeg}ted the

Israel conspired against the Assyrians in the fourth year of Hezekiah, three years before the captivity of the ten tribes (2 King. XVII.4.) And Tirhakah reigned over Ethiopia & Egypt in the 14^th year of Hezekiah (2 King. XVIII.21, 24. & XIX.9) & therefore succeeded Sevechus between the 4^th & 14^th year of Hezekiah. And in the reign of his son Manasses, Asserhadon king of Assyria invaded & conquered Egypt & Ethiopia, thre & reigned over them three years untill his death (Isa. 20.3, 4.) that is untill the year of Nabonassar 80. Then \Egypt became subject to/ twelve contemporary \kings/ reigned over Egypt. They reigned 15 years including the reign of Asserhadon whom the Egyptians reccon not among their kings. Then Psammiticus conquered them|ose| \kings/ & built the last Portico of the Temple of Vulcan founded by Menes about 260 years before Psammiticus reigned 54 years including the 15 years of the 12 Kings. For he was one of them. Then reigned his son Nechus or Nechaoh 17 years, Psammis 6 years, Vaphres or Hophra 25 years, Amosis 44 years & Psammenitus six months. Egypt was subdued by Nebuchadnezzar in the last year of Vaphres, Anno Nabnass. 179 & remained in subjection to Babylon 40 years, \(Ier. 44.39||, & Ezek. 19. 12, 13, 14, 17, 19)/ that is almost all the reign of Amasis a plebeian set over Egypt by the conqueror. Cyrus reigned over Egypt & Ethiopia aacording to Xenophon, & the 40 years ended with his death. At that time therefore those nations recovered their liberty, but after four years \more/ they were invaded & conquered by Cambyses, Anno Nabonass. 223, & have ever since remained in servitude as was predicted by the Prophets.

To the division of Egypt into more kingdoms then one both before & after the war of Sennacherib, the Prophet Isaias^[29] seems to allude in these words. I will set, saith he, the Egyptians against the Egyptians, & they shall fight every one against his neighbour, city against city & kingdom against kingdom, & the spirit of Egypt shall fail. — And the Egyptians will I give over into the hand of a cruel Lord [viz^t Asserhadon] & a fierce king shall reign over them. — Surely the Princes of Zoan are fools, the counsel of the wise Counsellours of Pharaoh is become bruitish How say ye unto Pharaoh, I am the son {illeg}|o|f the wise the son of the ancient kings. — The Princes of Zoan are become fools; the Princes of Noph are deceived; they have also seduced Egypt, they that were the stay of the tribes thereof. — In that day there shall be a high way out of Egypt into Assyria & the Egyptians shall serve the Assyrians.

Pliny tells us that the Egytian Obeliscs were of a sort of stone dug neare Syene in Thebais, & that the first Obelisc was made by Mitres (that is Mephres) who reigned in Heliopolis, & afterwards other kings made others, Sachis (that is Sesochis or Sesak) four each of 48 cubits in length, S|R|amises two, Smarres (that is Marrus or Mæris) one of 48, Eraphius (or Hophra) one of 48 & Nectabis one of 80. Mephres therefore reigned over all the upper Egypt from Syene to Heliopolis. His successor

The histories of the Persians now extant in the east represent that the oldest Dynasties of the kings of Persia were those whom they call Pischdadians & Kaianides, & that the Kaianides immediately succeeded the Pischdadians. And the three last kings of the second Dynasty they call Ardshir Diraz, Darab his bastard son & Darab who was conquered by Ascander Roumi, that is Artaxerxes Longimanus \& his son bastard son called/ Darius Nothus & Darius who was conquered by Alexander the Greek. They omit the kings between the two Dariuses, which shews that their history of this kingdom is imperfect: but by the names of the kings here mentioned tis certain that the Dynasty of the Kaianides was that of the Medes & Persians mentioned in scripture & therefore the Dynasty of the Pischdadians was that of these Elam conquered by Cyaxes|r|es a little after the fall of Nineveh.

The oriental historians say that the fourth king of their second Dynasty was Lohorasp & that he was the father of Kishtasp, & the grandfather of Cyrus & the great grandfather of Bahaman the grandson of Kish|c|htasp, taking Bahaman sometimes for Darius His|y|staspis. And by these recconings they make Lohorasp as old as Cyaxeres. They say also that Lohorasp was the first of their kings who reduced their army|i|es to good order & discipline, & Herodotus affirms the same thing of Cyaxerxes. And they say further that Lohorasp went eastward & conquered many provinces of Persia & that one of his Generals whom the Hebrews call Nebuchadnezzar & others call Raham & Gudarz went westward & conquered all Syria & Iudæa & took the city Ierusalem & destroyed it. And by these circumstances {they} take Lohorasp for one & the same king with Cyaxeres, calling Nebuchadnezzar his General because he assisted him in the taking of Nineveh. Seeing therefore that Lohorasp was the fourth king of the second Dynasty of the Persians, this Dynasty began about three reigns or sixty years before the fall of Nineveh & by consequence at that time when the Medes & other nations revolted from the Assyrians. And soon after the fall of Nineveh, in the reign of its fourth king it {inva} conquered the Provinces of Persia, \&/ thereby put an end to the first Dynasty.

✝ < insertion from f 16v > ✝ The first three kings of thes \second/ Dynasty they call Kai Cobad, Kai Caus & Kai Cosros, & derive the name Kaianides from the word Kai w^ch they say in the old Persian language signified a Giant or great King. The three next kings they called Lohorasp, Kischtasp, & Bahaman & tell us that Bahaman was Ardschir Diraz, that is Artaxerxes Longimanus, so called from the great extent of his power. And yet they say that Bahaman went westward into Mesopotamia & Syria & conquered Balthaser the son of Nebuchadnezzar & gave the kingdom to Cyrus his Lieutenant general over Media Assyria & Chaldea, & here they takae Bahaman for Darius the Mede. By Kischtasp they mean Darius Histaspes. For |Darius Hystaspes the father of Patius & master of the Magis. For| they say that he was contemporary \to Ieremiah Daniel & Ezra & to {sic}/ to Zardust or Zoroaster the legislator of the Ghebers or Fireworshippers, & established his doctrines throughout all Persia. And by Lohorasp they mean Cyaxeres. For they say that Lohorasp was the first of their kings who reduced their armies to good order & discipline, & Herodotus affirms the same thing of Cyaxeres. And they \say/ further that Lohorasp went eastward & conquered the many provinces of Persia, & that one of his Generals whom the Hebrews call Nebuchadnezzar & others call Raham & Gudars went westward & conquered all Syria & Iudea & took the city Ierusalem & destroyed it. And by these circumstances they take Lohorasp for one & the same king with Cyaxerxes, calling Nebuchadnezzar his General because he assisted him in the taking of Nineveh. The oriental historians therefore between Cyaxeres & Darius Hystapis omit \{illeg}{have}/ Darius the Mede, Cyrus & Cambyses, & |by the name of Bahama{illeg}|n|, but| confound the|is| actions of Darius the Mede with those of Artaxerxes Longimanus. They say that Kischtasp was the son of & successor of Lohorasp; whereas Darius whom they call Kishtasp was the son of |& here they take him for Darius the Mede confounding this Darius with Darius| Hystaspes \was/ a Persian who reigned not. By placing telling us that Lohorasp was the fourth king of the second Dynasty they place the beginning of this Dynasty about sixty three reigns or sixty years before the fall of Nineveh & by consequence at that time when the Medes revolted from the Assyrians, & by this kings conquering the Provinces of Persia they put an end to the first Dynasty soon after the fall of Nineveh.

The oriental historians tell us that in those days the Scythians on the north side of the river Oxus - - - - - Afrasiab & his captains.

In the first dynasty of the Persians the oriental historians reccon eleven succ

In this \first/ Dynasty the Oriental historians reccon eleven successive kind|g|s. And these kings at about 18 or 20 years to a reign will take up about 200 or 220 years & thereby place the beginning of this Dynasty about 20 or 40 years before the Olympiads, that is, \soon/ about the time that the oriental nations revolted from Egypt, |or soon after.| But|And| \yet/ the Oriental historians make this Dynasty much ancienter. For they tells us that some of thi|e| Pischdadian kings reigned a lived a thousand years a piece & that they reigned all together above three thousand years. And to the first king of the second Dynasty they assigne a reign of {illeg}|1|20, to the second a reign of 150 years, to the third a reign of 60 years to the 4^th a reign of 120 years, to the fift as much, & to the sixt called Artaxerxes Lond|g|imanus a reign of 112 years. So then we need not wonder that the Egyptians have made the kings in the first Dynasty of their Monarchy (that w^ch was seated at Thebes in the first days of David Solomon & Rehoboam) so very ancient & so long lived, since <17r> the Persians have done the like to the kings who \began to/ reigned in Persia above two hundred years after the death of David king David \Solomon making them older then Adam/.

The oriental historians tell us also that in those days the Scythians on the north side of the river Oxus w^ch runs westward into the Caspian sea having erected there a potent kingdom called the kingdom of Touran or Turquestan, invaded Persia frequently in the reign of one of their kings called Afrasiab; & that in the reign of the eighth king of the Pischadadians, Afrasiab conquered Persia & reigned over it twelve years together, & then was repulsed by the tenth {illeg}|K|ing of the Pischadadians, & invaded it again in the reign of the eleventh & last king of the Pischadadians called Kischtasp \the son of Zab/; & was at length slain in the mountains of Media by the third king of the second Dynasty. Whence its probable that the three first kings of the second Dynasty were contemporary to the three or four last of the first Dynasty, & that the Scythians whom Cyaxeres slew in a feast in the latter end of his fathers reign \or beginning of his own/ were Afrasiab with \and/ his captains or some of them.

The Persians in their histories have no memory of the wars of Sesac or of the dominion of Egypt over Persia, or of any thing ancienter in Persia then the Dynasty of the Pischadadians. So then before the beginning of the Olympiads & the reign of Pul & the revolt of the Persians from Egypt, there were no great empires in the world (on this side of India) except that of Egypt founded by Ammon & Sesac w^ch was but of a short continuance. \They begin their history w^th that Dynasty as the Ethiopians do theirs w^th the Dynasty of their Gods & make it three or four thousand years older then the truth Adam tho it was not much older then the Olympiads. So then the first great Empire in the world on this side India was y^t of Egypt founded by Ammon & Sesac & this Empire lost some Provinces upon the Euxine & Mediterranean seas about the time of the Argonautic expedition, but kept its dominion over Chaldea, Elam, Assyria, Armenia & Cappadocia till the reign of Mæris or his successor Sephis. And then those nations becoming free set up the kingdoms of Elam Assyria Babylon & Media. And these are the first great Empires in the world on this side India. Great Empires &c/ Great empires are always accompanied w^th great imperial cities, & the first city w^ch reigned over all Egypt was Thebes, the first w^ch reigned over all Phœnicia between Egypt & Euphrates was Ierusalem, the first w^ch reigned over all Assyria was Nineveh, the first w^ch reigned over all Chaldea was Babylo{n,} the first w^ch reigned over all Media was Perse Ecoatane, \the first w^ch reigned over the gr{eates}t part of Asia minor was Sardes,/ the first |w^ch| reigned over all Greece was Macedon, & the first w^ch reigned over all y^e Italy was Rome. Persepolis was the capital of the Medo-Persian Empire, & Darius Hystaspis built it out of the spoiles carried from Egypt by Cambyses. These great Empires arose out of smaller kingdoms by conquest & were the first that did so; & those kingdoms arose out of others still smaller, & those out of single cities each of w^ch at first had its own king, & those out of small single cities each of w^ch at first had its own king, & those out of small villages built by mankind upon the first peopling of the earth, & those began not to be built in Europe before the days of Eli & Samuel.

Herodotus tells us that all Media was peopled by δήμοι towns without walls when \till/ they revolted from the Assyrians & that after that revolt they built Ecbatane with walls for the seat of their kings set up a king over them & built Ecbatane w^ch walls for his seat, the first town w^ch they walled about. And it will be difficult to name a town in all Europe w^ch was built with walls before the warrs of Sesostris. The antiquities of Libya were not much older then those of Europe for Diodorus tells us that the Libyans had a tradition that Vranus the father of Hyperion & grandfather of Helius & Selene (that is, Ammon the father of Sesac) was their first king & caused the people who then wandered up & down, to dwell in towns & cities, & reducing them from a lawless & salvage {sic} course of life taught them to wander in use & lay up the fruits of the earth, & do many other things usefull for mans life. When Ioshua conquered the land of Canaan, every city of the Canaanites had its own king like the cities of Europe before the|y| Olympiads \conquered one another/ : which is an argument that towns began to be built in Canaan \that land/ not many ages before the days of Ioshua. For the Patriarchs wandred there in tents & fed their flocks wherever they pleased, the field of Phenicia not being yet appropriated for want of people. The countries first inhabited by <17v> mankind were in those days so thinly peopled that four kings from the coasts of Shinar & Elam, invaded & spoiled the Rephaims & the inhabitants of the countries of Moab Ammon Edom Amalec & the kingdoms of Sodom Gomorrah Admah & Zeboim & yet were pursued & beaten by Abraham with an armed force of only 318 men the whole force w^ch Abraham & the Princes confederate with him could raise. And Egypt was so thinly peopled before the birth of Moses that the king Pharaoh said of the Israelites; Behold the people are of the children of Israel are more & mightier then we; & to prevent their multiplying & growing too strong, caused their male children to be drowned. These footsteps there are of the first peopling of the earth by manking|d| not long before the days of Abraham & of the overspreading it with villages towns & cities & their growing into kingdoms first smaller & then greater untill the rise of the Monarchies of Egypt, Elam, Assyria, Babylonia Media & Persi{illeg}|a|, Greece & Rome, the first great Empires on this side India.

out of gratitude for the benefits received of him they had received of him. He being therefore king of Cyprus & part of Phenicia & in so great esteem & honour among them for his benefactions, 'tis not to be doubted but that after his death his friends & subjects deified him according to the custome of that age. In several respects he had several names. His proper name was Thoas or Theias. From his skills on the Harp he was called Cinyras; from his skill in works by fire את;שא בא, Ἥφαιστος Ignis-piter, & Διαμίχιος Baal machinator; & perhaps from the place where he was worshipped Baal-Cana, Volcanus, the God of Canaan.

While Sesostris & his great men were thus deified by the nations, the commander of his fleet in the Mediterranean was not to be buried in obscurity: for he was the great Neptune of the ancients. For the Cretans ^a[30] affirmed that Neptune was the first that began to handle sea aff{illeg}|a|irs & set out a Fleet having obteined this Prefecture of Saturn, whence posterity recconed things done in the sea to be under his government, & mariners honoured him with sacrifices. By Saturn I understand here the father of Iupiter Belus, Neptune & Pluto. For Ammon who was the Iupiter of Egypt \& Libya/ was the sa|Sa|turn of some other nations. Neptune was therefore an Egyptian being the brother of Iupiter Belus & Pluto. And even his name Neptune is Egyptian signifying a Lord of the sea coasts. For the ^b[31] outmost parts of the earth & promontories & whatever borders upon the sea the Egyptians call Nephthys. The God ^c[32] was first worshipped in Africa & from thence his worship was propagated into other countries & therefore he was king over som{illeg}|e| part of Afric bordering {f} on the sea where there were good harbours for shipping. Now ^d[33] in all the sea coasts of Egypt from Ioppa in Palestine to Parætonium in Afric, for the space of 625 miles there was not one safe harbour to be found except Pharus. At Parætonium was a very good harbour & from thence along the sea coasts of Cyrene (including Marmonica) were several other good ones, & there Bochart & Arias Montanus place the Naphtuhim a people sprung from Misraim Gen. 10.13. For all this region as far the river Triton was imbued w^th the manners & language of the Egyptians, being peopled by colonies from Egypt as we mention shewed above. Stephanus ^e[34] tells us that this region had many names as Libya properly so called, Olympia, Oceania, Hesperia, Ammonis, Cyrenæ. Its probable that it had the name Hesperia from its bordering westward on Egypt & the name Oceania from its being a long & narrow tract of land bordering on the sea & being fitted with good harbours. The names Naphtuhim Ammonis, Nap\h/tuhim, Hesperia & Oceania discover it to be the kingdom of Neptune Ammon & his son Neptune, the people Naphtuhim & their king Neptune bar deriving their names from the sea coasts w^ch the A|E|gyptians called Nephthys. {illeg}Oceania Cyrene was famous for the breed \& management/ of good horses. And thence ^f[35] Neptune Pallas & the Amazons were called Equestres. The scholiast upon Pindar (Ptyh. Ode. 4) saith: Equestrem Neptunum \Poeta/ vocat non ex præsenti occasione sed quia Neptunus Libyes docuit equos currui jungere. And Pausanias: Equestris Neptunus vocatur quod equitationem Neptunus invenisse dicatur. And Pamphus, ^h[36] who is reputed the author of y^e <19r> oldest Hymns amongst the Athenians calls Neptune Ἵππων τε δοτῆρα, νεῶν τ' ἰθυχρηδέμνων The inventor of horses & of tall ships with sails.

Herodotus (l. 6.) tells us that Leocides the son of Phidon & Megacles the son of Alcmæon at one & the same time courted Agarista the daughter of Clisthenes, king of Sicyon, & the Amphityons by the advice of Solon made Alcmæon & Clisthenes & Eurolycus king of Thessaly commanders of their army against Cyrrha. And hence Phidon Megacles Alcmæon, Clisthenes, Eurolycus & Solon were all of them contemporary to one another & the war against Cyrrha was in their days. They were also contemporary to Crœsus For Solon in his travels|l|s visited Crœsus, & Alcmæon enterteined & conducted the Messengers whom Crœsus sent to consult the Oracle at Delpo|h|os An. 1 Olymp. 56 according to the Marbles, & for so doing was sent for by Crœsus & rewarded with much riches.  < insertion from the middle of f 20r >  — rewarded w^th much riches. Megacles the son of Alcmæon married Agarista, And Pisistratus when he obteined the tyranny at Athens married the daughter of Megacles & Agarista, & Clisthenes the son of Megacles & Agarista expelled the sons of Pisistratus An. 1 Olymp. 67 according to the Marbles. And t The Cyrræans therefore were conquered about two generations by the eldest sons before the con expulsion of the sons of Pisistratus, or about the 53 Olympiad. And thus the Legislature of Solon may have been about the 55^t Olympiad – – – Draco about the 50^th Olympiad. But {illeg} \the old/ Chronologers placed the conquest of Cyrra An. 2 Olymp. 47 A & thereby made Solon older t too old to be conversant with Crœsus, P as Plutarch complains.

The kingdom of Macedon – – p. 13, 14 - - - - - upon the 46^th Olympiad or thereabout. It could not be older because earlier because Phidon was contemporary to Alcmæon Cly|i|sthenes Eurolycus & Solon as above.

Iphitus presided – p. 15 – not to be admitted. < text from f 20r resumes > The \According to the/ Marbles place the message of Crœsus \was/ a|A|n. 1 Olymp. 56 & the war of Cyrrhæans were conquered An 2 Olymp. 47. But \that of Solon may be contemporary to C/ I had rather place the first \message of Crœu/ And|.| {illeg}|1| Olymp. 57 & the second \conquest of Cyrrha/ An. 1 Olymp. 53. And thus the Legislature of Solon may have been about thee 55^th Olympi{ad} the return of Solon to Athens after a travel of ten years, about the 58^th Olympiad, the conversation of Solon with Crœsus about the 58|9|^th Olympiad, & the taking of Sardec an 2 or 3 Olymp. 59 & the Legislature of Draco in the 50^th or 51^th Olympiad.

Iphitus presided both in the Temple of — p. 15 — not to be admitted.

Between the taking of Troy & the death of Codrus king of Athens their reigned six kings over Athens viz^t Demophoon Oxyntes Aphidas Thymetes Melanthus & Codrus; the third & fourth of w^ch reigned together but nine years according to Chronologers. If we should allow 21 years a piece to y^e other four, the death of Codrus will be 17|3| years after the return of the Heraclides. Then reigned twelve Archons for life successively w^ch being if we should reccon them|ir| \reigns/ one with another at about 15 or 16 years a piece one w^th another (for they were \all elected & by consequence/ grown up to years of discretion before they were elected \reigned/) they might take up 180 or 190 years. Then reigned seven decennial Archons w^ch might take up 40 or 50 years some of \them/ dying before their tenn years were expired. And then reigned the annual Prytanees till the tyranny of Cypselus & his son Periander reign \tyranny/ of Pisistratus w^ch might begin about the 58^th Olympiad. About two years after the death of Codrus - - -

Pausanus represents that Melas – – – –

Thus do these four prophesies, that of the image composed of four metals, that of the four beasts, that of the Ram & He-goat & that of the scripture of truth \treat all of them the same subject &/ tend all of them to the same purpose, as if the latter were but repetitions of the former under vare|i|ous modes & forms of representing things. And therefore I consider them all together as four parts of one great prophesy w^ch each of w w^ch must be compared w^th one another for understanding them whole; each of them conteining the state of the Iews, & of Christians & of the kingdoms w^ch they live under during all times till the day of judgement & the resurrection of the dead & day of judgement. When the first of these prophecies was given, Daniel by recovering the dream of Nebuchadnezzar & interpreting it, gained the reputation of the wisest of men from whom no secret could lye hid, as is mentioned by Ezekiel who lived in those days. Thou art wiser then Daniel, saith he to the king of Tyre, there is no secret that they can hide from thee. Ezek. XXVIII.2. The first prophesy of the four was therefore certainly Daniels. And they were all of a piece. And the Apocalyps is written upon the same subject & in the same figurative style.

240-6         From Ægialus to Xeuxippus were twelve kings inclusively, & there reigns after the rate of 20 years a piece one w^th another take up 240 years. And so long it was fro |Apis or| Epopeus or Epophus & Nickus were slain in battel & in th about the 10^th year of Solomon as above & And from Apis to Xeuxippus wer {sic} {ten}|eight| reigns inclusively w^ch at 19|20| years a piece one with another am\o/unt unto 1{illeg}|60| years w^ch recconed counted from the 10^th year of Solomon end in the 122^th year after the place the death of Xeusxippus death <20v> 122|30| years after the death of Solomon or     46|55| years after the d|t|aking of Troy & there so long after the taking of that city Eusebius places it. And the four preceding kings might reign 80 years & so place the begin̄ing of the reign of Ægialeus & P his brother Phoroneus about the 10^th year of Samuel.

For Epopeus & the \first/ four kings, Sicyon \Agialeus/, Europs, Telchin, Apis, after the rate of \about/ 20 years a piece one w^th another take up about 80 years, & Apis &|or| Epopeus & Nicteus were slain {at} in battle about the tenth year of Solomon, & the 80 years counted upwards\3/ from\1/ thence\2/ place the beginning of the reigns of Ægialeus & his brother Phoroneus about the tenth \eleventh/ year of Samuel. And the eight reigns following {illeg}|tha|t of Apis, after the same rate, take up 160 years w^ch to be \w^ch/ counted \forwards/ from the death tenth year of Solomon, place the death of Xeuxippus about 55 years after the taking of Troy, & there Eusebius places it. And [Between Adrastus & Pelasgus I have omitted Polyphides as being unknown to the ancienter Greeks. If he be inserted, the death of Xeuxippus \will/ be about 75 years after the taking of Troy, which recconing agrees better with the opinion of those who tell us that M \Melanthus/ upon the return of the Heraclides into Peloponesus, Melanthus fled from them to Ath was \was by them from them/ expelled Messene & flying \Melanthus king of Messenæ fled from them/ to Athens \&/ became their king of that city.]

\be delivered/ every one that shall be found witten {sic} in the book. And many of them that sleep in the dust shall awake some to everlasting life & some to \shame &/ everlasting shame to contempt. And they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament, & they that turn many to righteousness as the starrs for ever & ever.

I place the end of the reign of Sesac upon the 5^th year of Asa because Asa at that time \in that year/ Asa became free from the dominion of Egypt so as to be able to fortify Iudæa & {get} raise that great an army with w^ch he beat \met/ Zerah & routed him. so that he The Libyans under therefore under Typhon \(that is Iapetus {illeg})/ & his son Atlas, invaded Egypt in \the/ 5^t year of Asa & raised that famous warr between the Gods & Giants from whence the Nile had the name of Eridanus. But Orus by the assistance of the Etiopians prevailed, & reigned till the 14^th & \14^th or/ 15^th yeare of Asa. And then A the Ethiopians under Zerah invaded Egypt drowned Orus in Eridanus & were \& were/ routed by Asa And the lower Egypt revolting from under Osarsiphus, & {illeg} |so that Zera could not recover himself them| & Zerah \who could not recover himself/ was succeeded by Amenophis a youth {illeg} king of thero an Ethiopian youth, {illeg} a youth of the royal family of the Ethiopians. But the people of the lower Ægypt revolted from him & set up Osarsiphus a priest over them & called {illeg} in to their assistance a great body of men men from Phœnicia I think a part of the army of Asa, & thereupon the Amenophis with his army of Ethiopians retired to Memphis & \there/ turning the river Nile into a new channel fortified that city against Osarsiphus, & then retired into Ethiopia & stayed there 13 years & then returned, \came back w^th a great army &/ subdued the lower Egypt|.| & When|ile| Amenophis was in Æthiopia & Ægypt was in its greatest distraction, \And then it was as I/ conceive was that the Greeks hearing thereof contrived the Argonautic expedition, & sent the flower of Greece in the ship Argo to perswade the nations upon the sea coasts &|of| the Euxine & Mediterran {sic} seas to revolt \from Egypt/ & set up for them selves, as the Libyans & Ethiopians \& Iews/ had done before. And this \is/ a further argument for placing that Expedition about {illeg} 44 years after the death of Solomon. Amenopis|his| might return from Ethiopia & conquer the lower Egypt about 8 or 9 years after that |e|e|x|pedition & having subdued the lower Egypt, & expelled the Phenicians f might lead h \& setled his government there over it he/ might, for putting a stop to the revolting of the nations, la|e|ad his army into Persia & build the Memnonia at Susa, fortifying that city as the Metropolis of Persia his dominions in those parts.

Pag. 26. lin. 25. Danaus, Perseus &c are setled.

After navigation in long ships with sails & about 50 \one order of/ oars had been propagated from Egypt to Phœnicia & Greece & thereby the Tyrians had carried on their trade with Spain & Britain & other remote nations about {illeg} one hundred & \forty or/ fifty years, the Corinthians began to improve navigation by building bigger ships with three orders of Oars called Triremes. |p. 18.| For Thucydides tells us that the Corinthians were the first who b of the Greeks who built long ships w^th three orders of — later then the days of Solomon & Rehoboam.

And \at/ that time \And in those days/ the king of the north (who reigneth over besides his \newly/ northern countries \dominions/ reigneth over Iudea, Egypt, Libya & Ethiopia, \shall go forth with great fury to destroy & to make away many & he/ shall plant the tabernacle of his palace between the seas (the dead Sea & the Mediterranean) in the glorious holy mountain; but he shall come to his end. And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great Prince who standeth for the children of thy people & was annointed that to reign over them. And there shall be —

And [until the time of the end] a||\the/ king shall do according to his will & he shall exalt himself & magnify himself above every God & shall speak marvellous things against the anci God of Gods [the ancient of days,] & shall prosper till the indignation [or long captivity of the Iews] be accomplished: for that \that/ is determined shall be done. Neither shall he regard the God of his fathers [those who were holpen with a little help] nor the desire of weomen [in lawful matrimony, but set up the professions of Muncks & Nuns] nor regard any God; for he shall magnify himself [&|or| his own will] above all. And in his estate shall \shall he honour/ \& togetherw^th/ Mahuzzims [\putting his trust in/ potent saints, the souls of dead men] honnour \shall he together with/ a strange God a new God whom his fathers, he [those who were holpen with a little help] knew not, shall he honour them with [things dedicated to gold & si{h}|l|ver & with pretious stones & & valuable things [dedicated to them.] Thus shall he do in the most strong holds [or temples of his Gods] with a strange God whom he shall acknowledge & increase with glory & cause them [the Mahuzzims \or Guardians/ to to rule over many & divide \[among them]/ the land [over which he reigns] for a patrimony.

And at the time of the end shall the king of the south [or the Empire of the Saracens] push at him. And the king of the north shall come [the Empire of the Turks shall come against him like a whirlwind with chariots & with horsemen & with many ships, & [by conquering Constantinople A. C. 1453] he shall enter into the countries & shall overflow & pass over. He shall enter also into the glorious land [of Iudea] & many countres {sic} \[in those parts]/ shall be overflown. But these shall escape out of his hand, even Edom & Moab & the chief of the Children of Ammon [to whom his caravans in their way to Mecca pay tribute.] He shall stretch forth his hand also upon the countries, & the land of Egypt shall not escape. But he shall have power over the treasures of gold & silver & over all the pretious things of Egypt. And the Libyans & the Etiopians shall be at his steps.

But tidings out of the east & out of the north shall trouble him: therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy & utterly to make away many. And he shall plant the tabernacles of his palace between the seas in the glorious holy mountain: yet he shall come to his end [in the battel of the gret {sic} day] & none shall help him. And at that time shall Michael stand up the great Prince w^ch standeth for the children of thy people [the prince of princes, he & his army on white horses shall stand up] & there shall be a time of trouble such as never was since there was a nation even to that same time. And at that time thy peo{ple}

as he left sons surviving him.

The first kingdom after the flood was that of Noah reigning over all his posterity till the confusion of languages. For in his reign the whole earth was one language & of one speech \by living together in one society/ Till that time all mankind lived together in one socit|e|ty & by conversing together the whole earth was of one language & of one speech. And it came to pass as they journied from the east that they found a plane in the land of Shinar & they dwelt there (Gen. 11.1, 2) And they said to one another Go to, let us make brick & burn them throughly. And they had brick for stone & slime had they for mortar. And they said, Go to, let us build a city & tower whose top may reach unto heaven & let us make a name least we be scattered abroad upon the face of y^e earth Gen. 11. This was Noahs kingdom \the people/ building the city Babel for its seat & raising a Tower so high that in seeking for food for themselves & their cattel they might see the same from all parts of the great plane of the land of Shinar & know whether to resort least they should be scattered from their main body.

The river Tigris just below Bagdad becomes divided into two streams one of w^ch runs South south east & compasses \between Susiana & on y^e east & Eden &/ the land of Chus \on y^e west/ the other runs \between Eden & Mesopotamia/ about 40 /or 45\ miles between Me to the point of Mesopotamia where it meets with the river Eufrates. Eufrates runs from thence by \to/ Babylon & from Babylon to

The river Tigris run at the ruins of Seleucia a little below Bagdad becomes divided into two streams, one of w^ch runs south or south & by east between Susiana on y^e east & Eden & the land of Chus on y^e west till it meets w^th Eufrates about 440 miles below at Gorno

But the Lord came down to see the city & tower & said: The people is one & they have all one language; & this they have begun \begun/ to do: & now nothing will be restrained from them w^ch they have imagined to do. Go to, let us go down & there confound their language that they may not understand one anothers speech. So the Lord scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of the all the earth, & they left of to build the city. That is, by the counsel of God they were forced to leave relinquish their city Babel & the fruitful land of Shinar to an enemy & were scattered abroad from thence abroad to |fell out amongst themselves & (by discord) were forced to separate & leave the| seek new seats \& build new cities/, going into in several bodies to several places parts of y^e earth according to their tribes & families, & by cea the want of conversation becoming various nat peoples & nations & tongues & languages. Sem seated his sons {illeg} Elam Ashur Arphaxad & Aram {at} Elymais, Assyria, Araphachitis above Assyria & Syria on both sides Euphrates |upon the E the river Tigris Euphrates & Euley or Choaspis gazing upwards from the land of Shinar|. Ham seated his four sons in Arabia Egypt, Afric & Canaan & Iapheth went into Asia minor & spread thence into Scythia & Europe, every father seating his sons in distant regions to avoid new discord. And this division happened abo at \or soon after/ the birth of Eber Peleg w^ch was 101 years after y^e flood.

Nimrod being the youngest son of Chus was & by consequence two little generations older then Peleg was in his prime at the division of the earth & at that time or soon after began to be potent \a mighty one/ in the earth,                                Sem staid with his the eldest son of Noah staid w^th his \father &/ family upon the rivers Euphrates & Tigris, th \placing/ His second son Ashur seated himself in Assyria \in Assyria a region next above Shinar &/ the most fruitful region next \after/ Shinar, & \his third son/ Arphaxad \setled/ in Arraphachitis \a region next/ above Assyria & next to Assyria in fruitfulness: & therefor the eldest son Elam staid w^th his father Sem & Grandfather Noah {in}|at| the most <22v> Babel most fruitful region of Shinar in Shinar \in Shinar that being the most fruitful region./ The youngest son Aram seatled himself on both sides the river Euphrates & h having many \placing/ his eldest son Vts inhabiting \in/ Cælosyria & his younger {song} higher up the river. And \Ham & Iapheth/ the younger sons of Noah went from those rivers to

~ Noah sent away his younger sons Ham & Iapheth & staid with \Sem/ his eldest at \in th/ Babel. And Sem sent away his younger children placing them upon the rivers Tigris & Euphrates above the plains of Shinar, via his second son & staid with his eldest Elam his eldest at Babel. For he placed his second son Ashur in Assyria a count region next above Shinar & next to it also in f degree of fertility, & \his/ third son Arphaxad in Arraphathitis a region next above Assyria & next to it also in fertility & his fourth son Vtsor Vz or Guz in the count between Arraphachitis & the Caspian sea in Gauzania \& also & in the northeast part of Mesopotamia lying upon Tigris, the sons of Ioctan dwelling there./ & his youngest son Aram in all the country \in the country/ on both sides Euphrates called Aram by the Hebrews, that is, in Syria Mesopotamia & Armenia. \T|A|rphaxad possessed also the northeast corner of Eufrates lying upon Tigris, the sons of Ioctan dwelling there./ Cham placed his four sons in Arabi Chus Mizraim Phut & Canaan in Arabia, \round the Persian gulph & in/ Egypt, \&/ Africa beyond Cyrene & \Mauritania/ Cyrene & Ind{illeg} Canaan & Iaphet divided Asia minor & the regions upon placed his sons in several \w round the Euxine sea & in other/ parts of Asia minor & the isles of y^e Gentiles. And again the Grandsons of Noah t subdivided their territories among their children as is {illeg} manifest by the Geography of Moses, And explained by Ba & particularly Chus placed his sons {round} upon the borders |& particularly Chus stayed w^th his eldest son in Euxiana called the land of Chus by Moses, & Cutha in 2 King. 17. & Chazestan by the Arabians & Cossæans by Ptolemy & his second son Havilah was seated or the mouth of Euphrates westward.| But Nimrod \being/ the youngest son of Chus & therefore seated after his brothers & being a mighty hunter & by conquering wild beasts being emboldened \emboldened & inured to violence &/ enabled to conquer men was not content with his lot but invaded the land of Shinar & thereby grew mig began to be a mighty one in the earth. For the beginning of his kingdom was Babel & Erech & Accad & Calneh in the land of Shinar. And he went out thence into Assyria & conquered built Nineveh And Elam the eldest son fled from him & seated himself on the \next/ river Choaspis or {Euley} giving the name of \Vlay to the river &/ Elymais to the region /& leaving Babylonia to be peopled by Nimrod: Whence Babylonia is called the land of Nimrod Micha 9.\ |And| This was done soon after the division of the earth because Nimrod was two {illeg}|g|enerations older then Peleg in whose days the earth was divided. And \Afterwars {sic}/ Nimrod being not yet content with his seat went out{illeg} thence to conquer \invade/ Assyria & then built Nineveh & Rehoboth & Calah the metropolis of Calachene & Resen (le{illeg} Resen Larissam) between Nineveh & Calah. \And all this was And thence Nineveh \Assyria/ is called the land of Nimrod days soon after the division of y^e earth because Nimrod was/ But as|it| being the custome in those days for every father to divide his territory between \all/ his sons: so it is to be conceived that Nimrod bet divided his territory \& cities/ between his sons & they theirs between their sons so \& so on till every city had its king./ And thence it is that we hear nothing more of {illeg}raly \the kingdoms Empires kingdoms/ founded by Nimrod {illeg}|This| kingdome by division & subdivision quickly becoming as small splitting into kingdoms as small & numerous as in other parts of the earth. \And thence it is that we hear nothing more of the kingdome foun/ /And thence it is that we hear nothing more of the kingdome founded by Nimrod\ For I shall shew presently that the Assyrian Empire so much established in history grew up by conquest out of many small kingdoms long after the days of Nimrod. |Yet Nimrod by {illeg} reason of the greatness of his conquests & dominion being called y^e Lord, w^ch in the Chaldean language is Belus, seems to have retained that name after death amongst his subjects, & to have been the first king whom they worshipped by that name. For idolatry began soon after < insertion from f 23r > his death amongst the Chaldees. Ios. 24.2, 14. < text from f 22v resumes > |

And as Nimrod invaded the Babylonia & Assyria so other wars arising \frequently/ between the lords of \kings of/ cities \or countries/ in some places sooner in others later about their possessions put things frequently into disorder Which made it nea as in the case of the five \kings/ invading Arabia Petræa & the southern parts of Canaan in the days of Abraham. And this made it necessary for those of of a Tribe or neighbourhood to consult together for their common safety & chuse out wise & valiant men to lead their armies against their enemies & fortify places w^th walls w^thin which should be many houses for the people to resort unto out of the fields & villages in time of danger. And this ....... proper king

After this manner the most fertile places upon the rivers Vlai Tigris Euphrat{es} & the Nile seem to have been planted w^th cities {illeg}|&| the cities planted at thinly peopled before the days of Abraham. But places less fertile were planted later. The Holy land was so thinly peopled \w^th villages/ in Abrahams days that he & lot fed their herds & flocks <023r> wherever they pleased, Abraham built {founded} the city Beersheba in that southern border of Canaan |& that Abraham fo{unde}d room {illeg} to build the city Beersheba in the southern border of Canaan.| And Arabia Petræa was so thinly peopled as to be subdued invaded & subdued by the four kings whom Abraham beat w^th 318 men, & that Ismael the twelve sons of Ismael found room dwelt from Havilah unto Shur that is before Egypt as thou goest to Assyria, & were named by their towns & by their castles twelve Princes according to their nations (Gen. 25.) that is, Princes of twelve cities w^ch they founded & w^ch were founded by them & grew into 12 nations. And about y^e same time that y^e Israelites peopled this country the Horites peopled mount Seir. For Seir the son o Horite or Son of Hori placed his sons \Duke/ Lotan Zibeon Shobal Zibeon Anah Dishon Ezer Dishan, And in this mount. And these were Dukes of Seir that is \{the or} heads of the families reigning in Mount Seir/ /of Seir, or heads of families according & founding of cities, \ & Timnah their sister was Esau's concubine, & Aholibamah the daughter of Anah was his wife. And in y^e next generation, he \Esau/ seated his sons the Dukes of Edom in the same mout|n|t, & they in time expelled the Horites. Neither was the lower Egypt people much sooner. For Tanis or Tsoan a royal city of thereof was built 7 years after Hebron. And after the same manner it may be conceived that the lands of Moab & Ammon \were peopled/ first by the Emims & Zuzims & then by y^e the Moa sons Moab|ites| & Ammon|ites| in the days of Abraham & Isaac & Iacob. And even in that fertil country the lower Egypt they continued building new cities till Abrahams days For Tsoan or Tanis a royall city thereof was built seven years after Hebron And Hebron was \founded in Abrahams days being/ first called Mamre & the fields of Hebron the field of Mamre from Mamre the Amorite the brother of Eshcol the brother of Aner who were contemporary to Abraham, then Kirjath Arba from Arba the father of Anak & lastly Hebron by the Israelites when they took it from y^e sons of Anak in {illeg} Sheshai Ahiman & Tolmai the three sons of Anak in the days of Ioshua.

So then the first kingdoms were single cities

parts of Egypt w^ch renders them the less memorable. In the time of y^e monarchy of Egypt has given the best account of & sets them {illeg}

The Monarchs of Egypt Herodotus {sets} /sets\ down \their kings/ in this order. Sesostris {illeg}

Between Rhampsinitus & Cheops are to be inserted Amenophes & Mæris, |.| & {illeg} to Anysis \or Amasis/ are to be added his contemporaries Baccharis & Nechus and contemporary to Anysis are to bed added {Bocchis} {illeg} T|G|nephactus w^th his son Boccharis & Nechus the father of Psammiticus {illeg} \For Manetho reccons Sesostris Rampsinitus & {illeg}/ For Ma\ne/tho reccons

The Kings of Thebes

Eusebius \out of Manetho/ thus reccons these Kings Sethos, Rhapsaces, Amenephthes Ramases Amenemes Thuor where that is Sesostris R\h/ampsinitus

- - over \Proteus/ \Proteus/ y^e lower Egypt. For he is distinguished from y^e race of y^e \{Thebain}/ Kings by his being a Memphite & reigning there, & Herodotus tells [the name being Proteus being not an Egyptian name word but a Greek \one translated from y^e Egyptian as Herodo/ it seems to be not y^e proper name of a man but \an appellative,/ a title of honour like Adad in y^e Syrian tongue & Princeps \or Prince/ in the Latin &|o|r English|.| {illeg} For & therefore translated into Greek according to its signification For Proteus, Adad, Princeps, a Prince are work||s of y^e same signification, {&} & no doubt the/] and y^e word Proteus {illeg} \is a Greek word/ of y^e same signification with Adad in Syriac & Primus or Princeps in Latine & therefore {illeg} that {illeg} \or a Prince in English, & therefore seems to be/ not the proper name of a man but a title of honour|.| like For Herodotus tells us that it For had it been a proper name the Greeks would have retained y^e Egyptian word without translating it whereas Herodotus tells us that it is the Kings name in Greek. |Pr|h|ruron, Nilus.|

In the chronical canons of \chronical canons of Eusebius &/ {illeg} A Dynasties of y^e Kings of Egypt published by Africanus \publis/ out of Manetho Suphus \Pyr/is put y^e successor of Soris, Lachares \the ✝ of y^e Labyr./ of Sesostris, Thuor of Amenemes      Saophis of Ayres Siphaosis of Maris

In y^e Greek chronical canons published by Home Scaliger      Th\u/oris is the successor Amenophis or Amenemes & said to be the Polybus of Homer in whose reign Troy was taken. And Aiyres, Soris, & Maris are the predecessors of Saophis \& or/ Syphoasos or Hermes. So that Amenophis Mæris & {illeg} Saophus or Cheops succeeded one another.

Αμμενέμμης, Θούωρις by Homer called Polybus under whom Troy was taken Ἀιύρης, Σαῶφις. Μαρις Σιφωασος ὁ καὶ Ηρμῆς Αμενωφις, Θούαρις Σῶρις Σοῦφις

Saophis called also Phiops Cheops Chembis & Chemmis was a merchant - - - - Pyramids. For among y^e successors of Sesostris Herodotus & Diodorus reccon y^e founders of the three great Pyramids neare Memphys & ascribe the biggest of them to Cheops or Chemmis. & the next \another of them/ to his brother & successor <024v> Cephren &|(| called also Suphis Sen Saophis Mente Iuphis \Metha {Saphis Achescas Ocharas}/) & & the third either by the daughter of Cheops or by Mycerinus the whom Manetho calls Nitocris or by Mycerinus the son of Suphis & successor of Cephren |who| In the Chronical canons {illeg} is called \also/ Moscheres & Mencheres.

His successor Asychis – – – – wifes & children.

After y^e reign of Asychis {Aiyres} the kingdom became divided

In y^e reign of Anysis the Kingdom of Egypt seems to have been divided between & For Gnephacthos & his son & successor Boccharis reigned in another part of Egypt & Stephanathis Necepsos & Nechos {A reigned} \successively/ in Sais & Gnephacthos \(called also Neochabis & Technatis)/ & his son & successor Boccharis reigned \reigned/ in some other part of Egypt. For Sabbacus the Ethiopian invading Egypt took Boccharis & burnt him alive, made Anysis fly & slew Nichus. \This Nechus was the father of Psimmiticus who reigned afterwards & his predecessor Nicepsos/ Boccharis is Diodorus makes Boccharis the 4^th from King from Mycerinus but names not the intermediate Kings. \And in another place calling him Uchoresus {Uchoresus}/ He saith that Uchoresus the son of Uchoresus & \was/ eighth King from Osymandes & built Memphys \& fortified it w^th a lake & reigned there/ & |y^e| most of y^e following Kings preferred it to Thebes & removed their court thither, & from that time the magnificence of Thebes decreased & that of Memphys increased to y^e times of Alexander the great King of Macedon who built Alexandria that \\drained/ lessened &/ outgrew Memphys \as that had done Thebes/. By making \This/ Uchoresus \by being/ y^e 8^th from {Psynandes} he {illeg} \seems to/ be \the same w^th/ Boccharis or some other \contemporary/ King of that

{illeg} Some take Sabacus or {Sua} \or Sevacus/ to be {So} \So Sua \or {illeg}cus/ who reigned in Egypt at y^e time of y^e/ king of Egypt & his son {went fled} \captivity of y^e ten tribes/ {illeg} 2 King. 17.4. After his reign A\n/ysis returned to his kingdom & Sethon Priest of Vulcan su succeeded him or rather reigned at Memphys for he was Priest of Vulcan. Herordotus tells us{illeg} that Sethon was beseiged at in Pelusium by Sennacherib king of Assyria & freed by mise eating the Bowstrings \&/ Quivers of y^e Assyrians leathers \{latchets}/ \strings/ of their Arms, in memory of w^ch his statue seen by Herodotus was {erected} of him \& this/ ho|e|lding a mouse in his hand. The scripture relates his the Assyrians went at that time against {illeg} \{illeg} king fou/