Drafts of the 'Short Chronicle' Isaac Newton c. 43,192 words Newton Project Brighton 2014 Newton Project, Sussex University

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 1701-2 and later, in English and Latin with some Greek and Hebrew, c. 43,274 words, 85 ff. 85 ff.

in English and Latin with some Greek and Hebrew

 Cataloguer's Notes for New College Oxford Ms. 361(1)B [361(1)B(1)]Ms. 361(1) Ms. 361(1)A, New College Library, Oxford, UK UKOxfordNew College Library Ms. 361(1)A

24

The folios now numbered 50-55 had clearly become disordered prior to foliation. They are here presented in their intended sequence.

 ReligionChronology Mint 1701-2 and later England English Latin Greek Hebrew Isaac Newton Samuel Horsley Unknown Hand Transcribed by Kenneth Royce Moore XML audited by Michael Hawkins Checked by John Young The first four folios are taken up with cataloguer's notes.
5

Mercurius dulcis, or in that of a red opake volatile earth called Cinnaber, or in that of a red or white precipitate, or in that of a fluid salt; & in destillation it forms into vapour, & being agitated in vacuo it shines like fire. And after all these changes it returns again into the its first form of Mercury. Eggs grow from insensible magnitudes & change into animals, Tad-poles into Froggs & Worms into Flyes. All Birds Beasts & Fishes, Insects, Trees & other Vegetables with their severall parts, grow out of water & watery tinctures & salts, & by putrefaction return again into watery substances. And water standing a few days in the open air, yields a tincture, which (like that of a Mault) by standing longer yields a sediment & a spirit, but before putrefaction is fit nourishment for animals & vegetables. And among such various & strange transmutations why may not nature change bodies into light & light into bodies?

Now in bodies of the same kind & vertue, attraction is strongest in the smallest bodies in proportion to their bulk. It is found stronger in small Magnets for their weight then in great ones. For the parts of small ones being closer together unite their forces more easily. And for this reason Gravity in the surfaces of small Globes is greater in proportion to the globes then gravity in the surfaces of great globes of equal density. And therefore since the rays of light are exceedingly small bodies we may expect to find their attractions exceedingly strong. And how strong they are may be gathered by this Rule.

The remainder of f. 5r and the first few lines of f. 5v are taken up with mathematical calculations apparently unrelated to the rest of the manuscript.

The upper Egypt was in those days divided into many kingdoms reigning at Thebes, Thais, Coptos, Thebes, Thais, Elephantis, &c which by conquering one another grew into one kingdom from which the people had the name of were called Coptites & in the language of the Greeks Α Αυ γυ Ægyptians Ἀια-γύπτιοι Egyptians. Over this kingdom reigned Misphragmuthosis in the days of Eli.

After the manner of the fi common council of the five Lords of the Philistims, the Greeks set up the Amphictyonic Council first at Thermopylæ by the influence of Amphictyon the son of Deucalion, & then a few years after at Delphi by the influence of Acrisius. The Councils worshipped Ceres & therefore these Council were instituted after her death. Among the cities whose deputies met at Thermopylæ I do not find Athens, & therefore do not reccon Amphictyon among the kings of that city.

896 Hadad or Benhadad king of Syria dies & is deified at Damascus.

852 Hazael king of Syria dies & is deified at Damascus. These Gods Hadad & Hazael with Arathes the wife of Ha Ben Hadad the Syrians worshipped in the sepulchres or Temples & continued to worship them till the days of Iosephus the Iew, & boasted thier antiquity not knowing, (saith Iosephus, that they were novel.

963 Amphyction brings the 12 Gods of Egypt from Thrace into Greece & these are the Dij magni majorum gentium. About this time the Son & singing weomen of Sesostris began to be celebrated in Thrace by the names of Apollo & the Muses. And in imitation of these weomen Muses the daughters of Pierus a Thracian caused his daughters to be were also celebrated by the name of Musæ Pierides

956 Sesac a fratre occiditur

956 Sesac is killed by his brother. He had his sister Bubaste threw her her sel He had cut channels from the Nile to all the cities of Egypt & thence was called in Egypt by the names of that river Sihor or Seris, Ægyptus & Nilus. The Greeks hearing the Egyptians lament O Siris & Bou Siris called him Osiris & Busiris. The Arabians called him Bacchus. that is, the Great. For all agree that Osiris & Bacchus were the same man. The Phrygians called him Ma-fors or Ma-vors, that is, The Valliant, & by contraction Mars. The Tyrians called him Melcarthus Because he set up pillars in all his conquests [he was painted by an Hercules with pillars, & because] & in his expedition to the straits mouth the Africans & Egyptians fought with clubs he is represented with pillars & a club. This is that Hercules who according to Cicero was born upon the Nile & whom the Tyrians called Melcarthus & the Indians Belus. [He was succeded by his son Orus Vpon his death the Lybians under the conduct of Antæus & Atlas invaded Egypt but were expelled by Orus his son & successor.] Hitherto Iudea had laboured under great vexations: but hence forward Asa king of Iudea had peace ten years.

947 The Ethiopians invade Egypt & drown Orus in the Nile. Thereupon Bubaste the sister of Orus kills her self by falling down from the top of an house, & their mother Isis or Astræa goes mad. And thus ended the reign of the Gods of Egypt.

Phryxus & Helle flee from their stepmother Ino the daughter of Cadmus. Helle is drowned in the Hellespont so named from her but Phryxus arrives at Colchos.

In the Temple or Sepulcher of Amenophis at Abydus above the room where his body lay buried was an astronomical monument was a circle of 360 cubits in compass plated over with gold each cubit having representing so many days of the year. Each cubit represented a day of the year inscribed upon it with the heliacal risings & settings of the stars on that day. And this monument continued till Cambyses spoiled the Egyptian Temples. From wh This monument seems to be in memory of the kings settling the Egyptian year of 365 days. The length thereof might be settled by celestial observations in the days of Ammon & Sesac, but Memnon seems to have established it in the room of the old Lunisolar year & fixt its beginning to one of the cardinal points. The thoth Its beginning or Thoth in the first year of Nabonassar fell on the 26th of Febr. And

The five days added to the Egypt calendar year of 360 days the Egyptians dedicated to Osiris Isis Orus senior, Typhon & Nephthe the wife of Typhon, saying feigning saying that those days were added to the year when those five Princes were born. They were added therefore in the reign of Ammon. In the sepulchre of Amenophis at Abydus they placed a circle of – days of Cambyses. After they had6 had found the length of the solar year in the reign of Ammon, they determined the solstices & equinoxes according to the mean motion of the Sun, the equated motion being not yet found out, & there introduced this year in the room of the old Lunisolar year, fixing the beginning thereof at the vernal equinox, & in memory thereof erected this sepuchral monument to Amenophis. Vpon the first year of Nabonassar the Thoth of this year fell upon the 26th of Febr. Which was 33 days & five hours before the vernal Equinox according to the suns mean motion. And the Thoth of this year moved backwards 33 days & 5 hours in 137 years before the Æra of Nabonassar began, that is 884 years before Christ. And if it began on the day next after the vernal equinox, it might begin three or four days years earlier. And there we place the death of this king. The Greeks feigned that he was the son of Tithonius & therefore he was born after the return of Sesac into Egypt with Tithonius & many other many captives amongst which was Tithonius, & so might dye about 76 years old for he lived long.

8876. Vlysses in his errors found Calypso (whom Homer calls the daughter of Atlas) in the island Cades or Cales: & the ancients at length feigned that this island (which from Atlas they called Atlantis) had been as big as all Europe & Afric but was sunk into the sea.

883. Dido He wrote tells us himself that he wrote – And Virgil makes Æneas still alive.

865. Hesiod flourished in the age next after the destruction wars of Thebes & Troy & this age (as he himself affirms) & that this age was to end when the men then living grew hoary & dropt into the grave, & therefore it was but of an ordinary length, & Herodotus tells us that Hesiod & Homer were but 400 yr years older then himself.

Henceforward to yethe end of the first Messenian war, reigned ten kings of Sparta by one race & nine by another, the ten of Messene & the nine of Arcadia which (recconing according to the ordinary course of Nature about 18 or 20 years to a reign, one reign with another) will at a medium amount scarce take up above 180 or at the most 200 years. And recconing the seven reigns more in each of the two races of the kings of Sparta to the battel of Thermopylæ to amount to about 130 ye 140 years more: the return of [the Heraclides will scarce be above about 340 years earlier then the said battel or 820 years before Christ] the Heraclides may be about 340 years earlier then that battel or 820 years before Christ.

820. Cephren reigns in Egypt & built another pyramid. 800 Mycerinus began the third Pyramid & his sister & successor Nitocris finished it. 778 Asychis reigned in Egypt & built the eastern Portico of the Temple of Vulcan very splendidly, & large Pyramid of brick. Egypt begins to break into several kingdoms. 750 Boccharis reigns in part of Egypt.

The remainder of the text on this page is written upside down.

Qu. 8. Do not all fixt bodies when heated beyond a certain degree emit light & shine, & is not this emission performed either by the vibrating motions of their parts? or else by the vibrating motions of the parts of an exhalation which they some subtle medium which is pervading them & is diffused through their pores [emit by means of their heat, & which as often as it is emitted to a sensible distance from the body appears like flame, but when it only lurks within the pores of the body, makes the body appear like a burning coal of fire?]

Iohanan Iohanan filius Eliasib & pater Iaduæ adultus erat anno septimo Artaxerxis Longimani et in Sacerdotio summo successit regnante Dario Notho Ezra 10.6. Nehemiah 12.22. 23, 26.

458 Iohanan filius Eliasib pater Iaduæ jam adultus

428 Nehemiah fugat Eleazarum vel Iohananis vel Iaduæ fratrem qui matrimonio acceperat filiam Sanballatis Nicaso dictam.

424 Darius Nothus regnat.

425 Sanballates templum in monte Gerazim construit & Eleazarum constituit primum eius sacerdotem summum.

420. 418 Iohanan fit Sacerdos summus Iudæorum

410. 404 Hitherto the Priests & Levites were recconed & written & recconed & written in the chronicles of the Iews before the death of Nehemiah. And among them was either Iohan or Iadua was then High Priest. Nehem. 12.22, 23, 26. And here ends the sacred History.

412 Huc usqꝫque Sacerdotes et Levitæ numerabanti sunt & scripti in Chronicis Iudæorum ante mortem Nehemiæ: quo tempore vel Iohanan vel Iadua erat Sacerdos summus Iudæorum. Nehem. 12.22, 23, 26. Et hic desinit historia sacra

390 Alexander Ægus Alexandri magni filius cum matre Roxana occiditur & anno sequente Hercules Alexandri magni filius alter etiam cum matre Barsina occiditur. Et monarchia Græcorum jam in regna quatuor principalia dividitur, & eorum regiones post annos quatuor assumerat etiam nomina regum Ptolomæus in Ægypto, Seleucus in Syria et Babylonia, Antigonus cum filio Demetrio in Asia minore, & Cassander & paulo post Lysimachus in Macedonia.

282 Philatærus Pergami Præfectus, deficit a Seleuco Lysimacho Macedoniæ, Thraciæ, Bithyniæ, Phrygiæ, Lydiæ et Lycaomiæ rege.

241 Attalus Pergami Præfectus Asiam occupat et a militibus rex salutatur

168 Regnum Macedonicum ad Romanos transfertur.

131 Regnum Pergamia Romanos datum dono Attali descendit.

65 Syria in Provinciam a Pompeio reducitur.

30 Alexandria capitur Ægyptus in Provinciam Romanorum religitur. Et sic Imperium Romanorum Imperio Græcorum successdit.

To the RtRight HonbleHonourable the Lords CommrsCommissioners of his MatsMajestys TrearyTreasury.

May it please yorur LordpsLordships

In obedience to yorur LordpsLordships Verbal Order to lay before you a Said Proposal or Memorial for coyning copper money. in his Mats Mint: I humbly represent that the Copper be imported into a Mint by weight in barrs of a due fineness & size fit for cutting blanks out of them of such a weight as your Lordps shall appoint his MatyMajesty shall appoint; that the fineness be such that when the barrs are heated red hot at one end they will spread thin under the hammer without cracking; that the Scissel be delivered back to the Importer by weight & the Importer be paid for the excess of the Copper imported above the Scissel returned back & after the rate of per pound weight; that it be in the power of the Master & Worker Copper or Mint Master to refuse such copper as doth not beare the assay or is not well sized; that when the Moneyers have coyned a parcel of copper money, suppose of half a Tun or a Tunn is coyned, the same be well mixed by shovelling it forward & backward in a heap before sufficient witnesses & then assayed in four or five places & the Assays entered in books & the tale of the heap estimated by taking taking a Medium of all the assays suppo [with an allowance of about the 8th or 10th part of a penny in the pound weight for preventing complaints about the tale]; & these the money when put into baggs by weight to be delivered to the people & & the weight & value price of every bagg entred in books. ☉ ☉ And three pence or four pence allowed in every quarter of a hundred weight for turning the scales, & preventing clamours about the weight or tale. And half a pound or 34 of a pound allowed in every hundred weight for turning the scales & preventing Clamour. And out of every heap assayed, three or four pieces may be put into a Box & kept to be examined at the years end before whom yorur LordpsLordships shall appoint & a remedy allowed of an half penny in the pound weight. The Officers requisite in this service will be A Smith for forging the Dyes & Puncheons, A Graver for graving & polishing them The A man Moneyer or body of moneyers A Moneyer or body of moneyers for cutting out the Blanks & coyning them & taking care of the coyning tools, the A Clerk for entring the proceedings in books. A Kings Clerk And Another Clerk (who may be called the Kings Clerk) for doing the like in behalf of the King & his people & an Assayer. The Assays may be made by the of the Moneyers or Smith. And either the barrs must be blanched the copper may be blanched either in barrs by the Importer or the blanks by the Moneyers.

The remainder of this page is taken up with mathematical calculations of no apparent relevance to the text.
8 The Introduction The Greek Antiquities are full of Poetical fictions because they wrote nothing in Prose before the conquest of Asia by Cyrus. The Phereides, Sirus & Cadmus Milesius taught to write in Prose. Phereides Atheniensis about the end of the reign of Darius Hystaspis, wrote of Antiquities & digested his work by Genealogies, & was recconed among the best of the Genealogers. Epimenides the historian proceeded also by Genealogies. And Hellanicus who was twelve years older then Herodotus digested his history by the ages or successions of the Priestesses of Iuno Argiva. Others digested theirs by the Archons of Athens or Kings of the Lacedemonians. Hippias the Elian about 30 years before the fall of the Perisan Empire published a Breviary or list of the Olympic Victors. Ephorus the disciple of Isocrates formed a Chronological history of Greece beginning with the return of the Heraclides into Greece Peloponnesus, and ending with the siege of Perinthus in the 20th year of Philip the father of Alexander the great (An. 4, Olymp. 128) & yet But he digested things by generations, & the recconing by Olympiads was not yet in use. The Arundelian Marbles were composed sixty years after the death of Alexander the great, (An. 4 Olymp. 128) & yet mention not the Olympiads. But in the next Olympiad, Timæus Siculus published an history in several books down to his own times according to the Olympiads, comparing the Ephori, the kings of Sparta, the Archons of Athens, & the Priestesses of Argos with the Olympic Victories, so as to make the Olympiads & the Genealogies, & successions of Kings, Archons, & Priestesses, & the poetical histories suit with one another according to the best of his judgment; & where he left off, Polybius began & carried on the history. So then about 50 or 60 years after the death of Alexander the great they began to set down the generations reigns & successions in numbers of years, & by putting reigns & successions equipollent to generations & three generations to an hundred or 120 years (as appears by their Chronology) they have made the antiquities of Greece three or four hundred years older then the truth. And some have made the Antiquities of Sicyon, Ægypt, Chaldea, Assyria & Germany about a thousand years older then the first use of Letters. And this was the original of the technical Chronology of the Greeks now in use. Eratosthenes wrote about an hundred years after the death of Alexander the great. He was followed by Apollodorus & these two have been followed ever since by Chronologers. But how uncertain their Chronology is & how doubtful it was reputed by the Greeks of those times, may be understood by these passages of Plutarch. In vita Lycurgi sub initioSome reccon Lycurgus, saith he, contemporary to Iphitus & to have been his companiporaryon in ordering the Olympic festivals; amongst whom was Aristotel the Philosopher; arguing from the Olympic Disc which had the name of Lycurgus upon it. Others supposing the times by the succession of the kings of Lacedæmon, as Eratosthenes & Apollodorus, affirm that he was not a few years older then the first Olympiad. First Aristotel & some others made him as old as the first Olympiad, then Eratosthenes Apollodorus & some others made him above an hundred years older And yet he it was in the 18th Olympiad that he gave the Disc. And in another place Plutarch tells us: In Solon p. 151. The congress of Solon with Crœsus some think they can confute by Chronology. But a history so illustrious & verified by so many witnesses, & which is more, so agreeable to the manners of Solon & worthy of the greatness of his mind & of his wisdom I cannot persuade my self to reject because of some Chronical Canons as they call them, wchwhich hundreds of Authors rejecting correcting, have not yet been able to constitute anything certain amongst them selves about repugnancies. It seems the Chronologers had made the Legislature of Solon so ancient to consist with that congress. And as for the Chronology of the Latines, that is still more uncertain. Plutarch represents great uncertainties in the Originals of Rome, And so doth Servius. The old Records of the Latines were burnt by the Gauls 64 years years before the death of Alexander the great. And Quintus Fabius Pictor the oldest historian of the Latines lived an hundred years later then that King. Now since Eratosthenes & Apollodorus computed the reigns times by the reigns of the kings of Sparta & (as appears by their Chronology still followed) made the 17 reigns between the return of the Heraclides into Peloponnesus & the battel at Thermopylæ take up 622 years wchwhich is after the rate of 3612 years to a reign, & yet a race of 17 kings wchwhich takes up 600 years of that length is no where to be met with in all history, & kings at a moderate recconing reign but about 18 or 20 years a piece one with another: I have drawn up the following Chronological Table so as to make Chronology suit with the course of nature & with the sacred history & with its self without the many repugnancies complai complained of by Plutarch. I do not pretend to be exact to a year. There may be errors of five or ten years & seldom above sometimes twenty, And considering that nothing could be remembered above an hundred years before the use of letters, I & not much above. The Chro And Some by feigning not only long reigns but also many names of Kings & long reigns who never reigned have made the antiquies of Sicyon Germany, Ægypt, Chaldea Assyria Persia & China above a thousand years older then the truth; tho nothing could be remembered above an hundred years before the use of letters & some of them much older then the flood, tho & yet before the use of Letters. the names and actions of men could not be remembered above 80 or 100 years after after their deaths. before the use of letters For wchwhich reason I ha allow no history of things done in Europe above 80 years before Cadmus letters were brought in by Cadmus, & sometimes sometimes where it reconciles difficulties reject the names of kings who did nothing memorable. So in the kingdom of Sicyon from that Ægialeus the founder of that kingdom may be contemporary to his brother Phoroneus I have rejected all the kings between Apis & Epopeus taking Apis & E & taken those two to be one and the same king. with distinguished into two by a corruption of the name Apis being Epopeus So So also I have rejected all the kings of Eg the names Apis Epaphus & Epopeus being one and the same. So also finding that the kings of Egypt named by Herodotus who did someanything memorable, are sufficient are sufficient for the times between the reign of the Gods of Egypt Sesac & Psammiticus I have rejected all the rest rest who did nothing memorable as feigned by the Priests of Egypt to make their kingdom look ancient. And so all the names of the kings of Assyria set down by Ctesias & his followers I have rejected as feigned because they have no Assyrian names, not having any affinity with the Assyrian names in Scripture except that of Sardanapalus, & I have therefore considered Pul & Tiglathpilasser as the real founders of that empire. Folios 9-10 are blank. 11 A Short Chronicle of things done before the end of the Persian Empire from the first memory of things in Europe to the conquest of Persia by Alexander the great. The times are set down in years before Christ. The Canaanites who fled from Ioshua retired in great numbers into Egypt & there conquered Timaus Thamus or Thammuz king of the lower Egypt, & & reigned there under their kings Salatis, Beon, Apachuas, Aphophis, Ianies, Assis &c untill the days of Eli & Samuel. They fed on flesh & sacrificed men after yethe manner of the Phenicians & were called Shepherds by the Egyptians who lived only on the fruits of the earth & abominated flesheaters. The upper parts of Egypt were in those days under many kings As ante Christum And Atmosis reigning at Coptos, Thebes, Thais, Elephantis &c which by conquering one another grew by degrees into one kingdom. [from which the people were called Coptites by themselves Coptites & by the Greeks Ἀια-γύπτιοι Egyptians.] Over this kingdom reigned Mistphramuthosis in the days of Eli. An. A. C. ante Chr. 1120. About this time Methres reigned over the upper Egypt from Syene to Heliopolis & his successor Misphramuthosis made a lasting war upon the Shepherds soon after & caused many of them to fly into Palestine, Idumea, Syria & Libya & under Lelex, Æzeus, Inachus, Pelasgus, Æolus the first, Cecrops, & others captains, into Greece. And these strangers built the first houses in Greece. Before those days Greece & all Europe was peopled by wandering Cimmerians & Scythians from the back side of the Euxine sea who lived a rambling wild sort of life like the Tartars in the Northern parts of Asia. Of their race was Ogyges in whose days the Egyptian Shepherds came into Greece. The rest of the Shepherds were shut up by Misphramuthosis in a part of the lower Egypt called Abaris, that is, in th or Pelusium. A.Ç. 1100 The Philistims (strengthened by the access of the Shepherds) conquer Israel & take the Arc. Samuel judges Israel. 1085. Hæmon the son of Pelasgus reigns in Thessaly. Deucalion flourishes 1080. Lycaon the son of Pelasgus builds Lycosura. Phoroneus the son of Inachus Phoronicum or Argos, Ægialeus (the brother of Phoroneus & son of Inachus) Ægialeum or Sycion, the oldest towns in Peloponnesus. Till then they built only single houses scattered up & down in the fields. About the same time Cecrops built Cecropia in Attica & Eleusine the son of Agyges built Eleusina. And these towns gave a beginning to the kingdoms of the Arcadians, Argives, Sicyons, Athenians, Eleusinians &c Deucalion flourishes. 1070. Amosis or Tethmosis the successor of Tethm Misphramuthosis drives the Shepherds out of Abaris & abolishes the Phenician custom in Heliopolis of sacrificing men. By their access the Philistims become so numerous as to bring into the feild against Saul 30000 chariots, 60000 horsmen & people as the sand on the sea shore in multitude. 1069 Saul made king of Israel & by the hand of Ionathan gets a great victory over the Philistims. Eurotas the son of Lelex, & Lacedæmon who married Sparta the daughter of Eurotas the daughter of Eurotas, reign in Laconia, & build Sparta. Deucalion flourishes 1069 1060 Samuel dies. Deucalion flourishes 1059 David made king Hellen the son of Deucalion flourishes Hellen the son of Deucalion flourishes 1048. The Edomites are conquered by David. Their mariners fly from the red sea to the Mediterranean & take Sidon & the Sidonians who fled from them build Tyre & make Abibalus their first king 998 Endymion builds yethe city Elis 1045 The Phenician mariners who fled from the red sea, being used there to long voiages for the sake of Trafic, begin the like voiages on the Mediterranean, & sailing as far as Greece, carry away Io the daughter of Inachus, who with other Greecian weomen came to their ships to buy their merchandise. The Greek seas begin to be infested with Pyrates. 1047 Acrisius marries Eurydice the daughter of Lacedæmon & Sparta. 1044. The Syrians of Zobah & Damascus are conquered by David. 1042. Nyctimus the son of Lycaon reigns. Deucalion still alive. 10421. Many of the Phenicians & Syrians who flee from David Sidon & come under the conduct of Cadmus, Cilix, Phœnix, Memblianius, Nicteus, Thasus, Alymnus, & other captains into Asia minor, Crete, Greece & Lybia, & introduce letters, Music, Poetry, the Octaeteris, Metalls & their fabrication, & other arts & sciences & customs of the Phenicians. At this time Cranaus the successor of De Cecrops reigned in Attica, & in his days reign & the reign of Nyctimus the Greeks placed the flood of Deucalion. This flood was succeded by four ages or generations wchwhich according to Hesiod ended with the Tojan war Trojan war, & so place12 place the Troy destruction of Troy four generations (or about 134 years) later then the coming of Cadmus, recconing with the ancients three generations to an hundred years. With these Phoœ;nicians came a sort of men skilled in the religions & mysteries arts & sciences of the Greeks Phenicia & setled in several places under the names of Curetes, Corybantes, Telchines, & Idæi Dactyli. 1039. Erechtheus reigns in Attica. Hellen flourishes. Amphictyon reigns in the borders of Attica. Hellen & Amphictyon the son of Deucalion & father of Æolus Xuthus & Domus flourishes. 10387 Orcus king of the Molossians Pluta steales Erechtheus reigns in Attica 1035 tThe daughter of Ceres a woman of Sicily is stoln, & Ceres in seeking her daughter comes into Attica & there teaches the Greeks to sow corn: for which benefaction she was deified after death. She first taught to Triptolemus the young son of Celeus king of Eleusine. Hellen the son 10365. The Idæi Dactyli find out iron in mount Ida in Crete & work it into armour & iron tools & thereby give a beginning to the trade of Smiths & Carpenters in Europe & enable the Greeks to build their houses better. They nurse up the Cretan Iupiter in a cave of the same mountain. 1034. Ammon reigns in Egypt. He conquered Lybia & reduced that people from a wandering salvage life to a civil one, & taught them to lay up the fruits of the earth, & from him Lybia & the deserts above it were anciently called Ammonia. He was the first who built long & tall ships with sails, & had a fleet of such ships on the Red sea, & another on the Mediterranean. Till then they used small & round vessels of burden without sails invented on the Mediterranean Red Sea, & kept within sight of the shore. For enabling them to cross the seas without seeing the shore the Egyptians began in his days to observe the stars. And from this beginning Astronomy & Navi Sailing had their rise. Hitherto the Luni-solar year had been in use: but in his days & in the days of his sons & grandsons by observing the Heliacal risings & settings of the stars they found the length of the Solar Year, & made it to consist of five days more then the old Kalendar year the twelve Calendar months of the old Lunisolar year. Hellen Æolus Xuthus & Domus the sons of Hellen flourishes. 1028 Oenotrus the youngest son of Lycaon (the Ianus of the Latines) led the first colony of the Greeks into Italy & there taught them to build houses. Erechtheus having first celebrated the Panathenæ, joyned horses to a Chariot. Perseus born of Ægina the daughter of Asopus & mother of Æacus born. 1025 Arcas the son of Callisto & grandson of Lycaon & Eumelus the first king of Achaia, received bread-corn from Triptolemus. 10260. Apis Epaphus or Epopeus the son of Phoroneus & Nicteus king of Bœtia slain. Lycus inherits the kingdom of his brother Nicteus. 1020. Æolus the son of Endymion flyes into the country of the Curetes in Achaia & calls it Ætolia, & of Pronoe the daughter of Phorbus begets Pleuron & Calydon who built cities in Ætolia called by their own names. Antiope the daughter of Nicteus is sent to Rome to Lycus by Lamedon the successor of Apis & in the way brings forth Amphion & Zetus. 1019. Solomon reigns & marries the daughter of Ammon, & by means of this affinity is supplied with horses from Egypt. And his merchants from thence also bring horses for all the kings of the Hittites & Syrians. For horses come originally from Lybia & thence Neptune was called Hippeus equestris. Tantalus king of Phrygia, (or, as others say, Minos) steales Ganimede the son of Tros. Hyagnis the Phrygian invents the Pipe 992. Sysiphus reigns in Corinth & some say that he built the city. 10167. Erechtheus having first celebrated the Panathenæa, joynes horses to a chariot. Solomon by the assistance of the Tyrians sets out a fleet upon the sea. Creusa the daughter of Erechtheus marries Zuthus the son of Hellen. 1015. The Temple of Solomon is founded. Minos reigns in Crete expelling his father, who flyes into Italy & becomes the Saturn of the Latines. Ammon takes Gezer from the Canaanite & gives it to his daughter Solomons wife. 1010 About this time Temples begin to be built in Greece. Ceres being dead Eumolpus institutes her mysteries in Eleusine. The mysteries of Rhea are instituted in Phrygia in the city Cybele. After the example of the f Common Council of the five Lords of the Philistims the Greeks set up the Amphictyonic Council first at Thermopylæ by the influence of Amphictyon the son of Deucalion, & a few years after at Delphi by the influence of Aenisius. These Councils worshipped Ceres & therefore were instituted after her death. Among the cities whose deputies met at Thermopylæ I do not find Athens and therefore do not reccon Amphictyon king of that city. Hyagnis the Phrygian invents the Pipe. 1008. Erechtheus slain. Ion the son of Zuthus flourishes. Cecrops II reigns in Attica. Caucon teaches the mysteries of Ceres in Messene. Sesac in the reign of his father Ammon invades Arabia13 311 Arabia fælix. Cephalus & Casseopeia reside at Ioppa. 1007. Pandion brother of Cecrops II reigns in Attica Pelops the son of Tantalus comes into Peloponnesus & by his riches grows potent. 1006. Car the son of Phroneus builds a Temple to Ceres. Hellen the son of Deucalion reigns in Phthiotis. 1008. Sesac in the reign of his father Ammon invades Afric & Spain & sets up pillars at the straits mouth & in all his conquests, & returns by the coast to Gaul. 1005 Minos prepares a fleet, clears the Greek seas of Pyrates, & sends colonies to the islands of the Greeks some of wchwhich were not inhabited before. 998 Thoas is sent to Lemnos & there applyes himself to manufactoring copper & iron. War between Pandion & Labdacus the grandson of Cadmus. 1004 Andromeda carried away from Ioppa by Perseus. 1002 Sesac reigns in Egypt & adorns Thebes dedicating it to his father Ammon by the name of No-Ammon or Ammon-no, that is the people or city of Ammon. Whence the Greeks called it Diospolis, the city of Iupiter. Sesac also erected Temples & Oracles to his father in Thebes, Ammonia & Æthiopia, & thereby caused his father to be worshipped as a God in those countries & I think also in Arabia fælix. And this was the original of the worship of Iupiter Ammon, & the first mention of Oracle that I meet with in profane history. 1000. Amphyion & Zetus slay Lycus, put Laius the son of Labdacus to flight, & reign in Thebes. 995. Cepheus reigns at Ioppa in Iudea & Perseus carries away his daughter Andromeda. 998 Endymion builds the city Elis. 994 Ægeus reigns in Attica. 993 Endymion builds the city Elis. 993 Sisyphus the son of Æolus & grandson of Hellen reigns in Corinth & some say that he built ytthat city. 990 Dædalus & Tal his nephew Talus invent the saw, the Turning Lath, the Wimble, the Chip-ax & other instruments of Carpenters & Ioyners & thereby gave a beginning to those Arts in Europe. Dædalus also invented the making of statues with their feet assunder as if they walked. 988. Minos makes war upon the Athenians for killing his son Androgeus. Æacus flourishes. 987. Dædalus kills Talus & flyes to Minos. A Priestess of Iupiter Ammon being brought by Phenician merchants into Greece, sets up the Oracles of Iupiter at Dodona. And this gave a beginning to the Oracles in Greece. And by their dictates the worship of the dead is every where introduced. 981. Alcmena born of Electryo the son of Perseus by Andromeda & of Eurydice yethe daughter of Pelops. 980 Lacus recovers the kingdom of Thebes. Athamas the brother of Sisyphus & father of Phryseus & Helle marries Ino the daughter of Cadmus. 979 Rehoboam reigns. Thoas is sent from Crete to Lemnos, reigns in Hephæstia & there works in copper & iron. 974. Sesac spoiles the Temple & invades Syria Persia & India setting up pillars in in all his conquests. Ieroboam becoming subject to Sesac sets up the worship of the Egyptian Gods in Israel. 971. Sesac invades India & returns with triumph the next year but one. 970 Thoas marries Callicopis the mother of Æneas & daughter of Otreus king of Phrygia. 968. Theseus reigns having overcome the Minotaur, & soon after unites the twelve cities of Attica under one government. Sesac leaves Prometheus at mount Caucasus & Æetes at Colchos. He had in his army Ethiopians commanded by Pan, & Lybian weomen commanded by Merina or Minerva. 967. Sesac passing over the Hellespont subdues Thrace. Hercules & Eurystheus born. Minos dies upon his sepulchre (visited by Pythagoras was this inscription the Sepulchre of Iupiter.. Phemonoe the first Priestess of Iuno Argiva. 967. Sesac passing over the Hellespont thereupon conquers Thrace, kills Lycurgus, & gives his kingdom & Calliope one of his own singing weomen called Calliope to Oeagrus the father of Orpheus. Sesac had in his army Æthiopians commanded by Pan, & Lybian weomen commanded by Merina or Minerva. It was the custome of the Æthiopians to dance when they were entering into a battel, & from their skipping they were painted with Goats feet. Phemonoe the first Priestess of Iuno Argiva. 967 Minos dyes. He was eminent for his dominion, his laws, & his justice. Vpon his sepulchre (visted by Pythagoras was this inscription ΤΟΥ ΔΙΟΣ, the sepulchre of Iupiter. 966 Thoas being made king of Crete Cyprus by Sesac goes thither with his wife Callicopis & leaves his daughter Hipsipyle in Lemnos. 965. Sesac is bafled by the Greeks & Scythians, composes the war, is received by Amphictyon at a feast, buries Ariadne, goes back through Asia & Syria into Egypt with innumerable captives amongst whom was Tithonus, & leaves many part of his army under Æetes at Colchos, another part under his Nephew Prometheus at mount Caucasus, & his Lybian Amazons under Marthesia & Lampeto (the successors of Merina or Minerva) at the river Thermodon. He left also in Colchos Geographical Tables of all his conquests in Colchos, & thence Georgaphy had its rise. His singing weomen are celebrated in Thrace by the names of Muses. Minos dies. Vpon his sepulchre (visited by Pythagoras) was this inscription, ΤΟΥ ΔΙΟΣ, the sepulchre of Iupiter. 964 Danaus cum filiabus Ægyptum fratrem (cum with his daughters flying from his brother Ægyptus, (that is from Sesac,) comes into Greece. Sesac (using14 (using the advice of his Secretary Thoth) distributes Egypt into Nomes & in every Nome erects a Temple & appoints the several Gods Festivals & religions of the Nomes, the Temples being the sepulchres of his great men where where they were to be buried & worshipped with ceremonies & festivals appointed by him. He divided also the land of Egypt by measure amongst his soldiers: & thence Geometry had its rise. Hercules & Eurystheus born. 963. Amphictyon brings the twelve Gods of Egypt from Thrace into Greece, & these are the Dij magni maiorum gentium. 962. Phryxus & Helle flee from their stepmother Ino the daughter of Cadmus. Helle is drowned in the Hellespont so named from her, but Phryxus arrives at Colchos. 960. The war between the Lapythæ & the people of Thessaly, called Centaurs for their skill in horsemanship. The daughters of Pierus celebrated by the name of Muses. 958 Oedipus kills his father Laius. Sthenelus the son of Perseus reigns in Mycene. 956 Sesac is slain by his brother Iapetus who after death was deified in Afric by the name of Neptune & called Typhon by the Egyptians. Orus reigns & routs the Lybians who under the conduct of Iapetus & his sons Antæus & or Atlas invaded Egypt. Sesac from his cutting making the river Nile usefull by cutting channels from it to all the cities of Egypt was called by its names, Sihor or Siris, Nilus & Ægyptus. The Greeks hearing the Egyptians lament O-Siris & Bou-Siris, called him Osiris & Busiris. The Arabians from his great acts called him Bacchus, that is, The Great. For all agreed that the Osiris & Bacchus were one & the same man. The Phrygians called him Ma-fors or Ma-vors, The valiant, & by contraction Mars. Because he set up pillars in all his conquests & his army in his fathers reign fought against the Africans with clubs, he is painted with pillars & a club; & this is that Hercules who according to Cicero was born upon the Nile & according to Eudoxus was slain by Iupiter. ✝ ✝ & according to Diodorus was an Egyptian & went over a great part of the world, & set up the pillar in Afric. He seems to be also the Belus who (according to Diodorus) led a colony of Egyptians to Bablyon & there instituted Priests called Chaldeans, who were free from taxes & observed the stars as in Egypt. Iudea Iudah & Israel had laboured under great vexations, but henceforward Asa king of Iudæa had peace ten years. 950 Eurystheus the son of Sthenelus reigns in Mycene 947 The Ethiopians invade Egypt & drown Orus in the Nile. Thereupon Bubaste the sister of Orus kills her self by falling from the top of an house & their mother Isis or Astræa goes mad. And thus ended the reign of the Gods of Egypt. 946 Zerah the Ethiopian is overthrown by Asa. The people of the lower Egypt make Osarsiphus their king, & call in two hundred Iews thousand Iews & Phenicians agains the Ethiopians. Menes reigns. 944 The Ethiopians under Menes or Amenophis (the young son of Zerah & Cissia) retire from the lower Egypt & fortify Memphis against Osarsiphus. And by these wars the great Empire of Egypt brake in pieces. Eurystheus & Gelanor the son sons of Sthenelus reigned in Mycene. Gelanor expelled by Danaus. 943 Evander & his mother Carmenta carry letters into Italy. 942. Orpheus deified the son of Semele by the name of Bacchus & appointed his ceremonies. For it came now into fashion for the Greeks to deify their own men by the names & with the ceremonies of the Egyptian Gods. So the son of Alcmena was deified by the name of Hercules, the son of Penelope by the name of Pan & the daughters of Pierus by the name of the Muses. 940 The Amphictyonic Council great men of Greece hearing of the civil wars & distractions of Egypt resolve to send an Embassy to the nations upon the Euxine & Mediterranean seas subject to that Empire, & for that end order the building of the ship Argo. 9439 The ship Argo is built after the pattern of the long ship in which Danaus came into Greece. And this was the first long ship built by the Greeks. Chiron who was born in the golden age, forms the constellations for the use of the Argonauts, & places the solstitial & Equinoxial points in the 15th degrees or middles of the Constellations of Cancer Chelæ Capricorn & Aries. Meton in the year of Nabonassar 316 observed the summer solstice in the eighth degree of Cancer & therefore the solstice had then gone back seven degrees. It goes back one degree in about 72 years, & seven degrees in about 504 years. Count those years back from the year of Nabonassar 316 & they will place the Argonautic about 910 Expedition about 936 or 910 years before Christ. Gingris the son of Thoas slain & deified by the name of Adonis. 9398 Theseus being 50 years old steales Hellena then seven years old. Pirithous the son of Ixion endeavouring to steal Persephone the daughter of Orcus king of the Molossians is slain by the dog of Orcus & his companion Theseus is taken & imprisoned. Helena set at liberty by her brothers. 937 The Argonautic Expedition. Prometheus leaves mount Caucasus being set at liberty by Hercules. Laomedon king of Troy slain by Hercules. Priam succeeds him. in Troy Talus a brazen man of the brazen age the son of Minos slain by the Argonauts. Æsculapius15 310 Æsculapius & Hercules were Argonauts, & Hippocrates was the 18th from Æsculapius by the fathers side & 19th from Hercules by the mothers. And because these generations being noted in history were most probably by the principal of the family & so for the most part by the eldest sons, we may reccon about 28, or at most 30 years to a generation. And thus the 17 intervalls by the fathers side & 18 by the mothers, will at a middle recconing amount unto about 507 years; which counted backwards from the beginning of the Peloponnesian war, at which time Hippocrates began to flourish, will reach up to the time where we have placed the Argonautic Expedition. 936 Theseus ab Hercule liberatur is set at liberty by Hercules. 935 The hunting of the Calydonian Boar, slain by Meleager. 930 Amenophis with an army out of Ethiopia & Thebais invades the lower Egypt, conquers Osarsiphus, & drives out the Iews & Canaanites: & this is recconed the second expulsion of the shepherds. 929 The war of the seven captains against Thebes. 929 Callicopis dyes & is deified by Thoas with a Temple & sacred rites & becomes the Venus & the Dea Syria of the ancients & her three waiting weomen become the three Graces. 927 After the death of Hercules Eurystheus drives the Heraclides out of Peloponnesus. He is slain by Hyllus the son of Hercules. Atreus the son of Pelops succeeds him in the kingdom of the Mycene. Hercules & Æsculapius are deified. Menestheus the great grandson of Erechtheus reigns in Athens. 925 Theseus is slain being cast down from a rock. 924 Paris steals Hellena Hyllus invading Peloponnesus is slain by Euhemus. 919 Atreus dies. Agamemnon reigns. In the absence of Menelaus who went to look after what his father had left him, Paris steals Hellena. 920 918 The second war against Thebes. 919 Atreus dies. Agamemnon reigns. 912 Thoas dies & for making armour for the kings of Egypt is deified with a sumptuous Temple at Memphis by the name of Baal-Canaan, Vulcan. This Temple was said to be built by Menes the first king of Egypt who reigned next after the Gods, that is, by Menoph or Amenophis who reigned next after the death of Osiris, Isis, Orus, Bubaste, Thoth. The city Memphys was also said to be built by Menes. He built it when he fortified it against Osarsiphus. And from him it was called Menoph, Moph, Noph, & is to this day called Menuf by the Arabians. The Priests of Egypt made And therefore Menes who built the city & Temple was Menoph or Amenophis. The Priests of Egypt at length made this Temple above a thousand years older then Amenophis & some of them three or four five or ten thousand years older. But it could not be above two or three hundred years older then the reign of Psammiticus who finished it & died 614 years before Christ. When Menoph or Menes built the city he built a bridge there over the Nile, a work too great to be older then the Monarchy of Egypt. 909 Amenophis builds the Memnonia at Susa. 904 Troy taken. Amenophis was then still then still at Susa, the Greeks feigning that he came from thence to the Trojan war. 903 Demophoon the son of Theseus by Phædra the daughter of Minos reigns at Athens. 901 Amenophis builds small Pyramids in Colch Colchome. 895 Teucer builds Salamis in Cyprus. Hadad or Benhadad king of Syria dyes & is deified at Damascus with a Temple & ceremonies. 887 Amenophis dies & is succeded by his son Ramesses who built the western portico of the Temple of Vulcan. The five days added by the Egyptians to the old Calendar year of 360 days, the Egyptians dedicated to Osiris, Isis, Orus senior, Typhon & Nephthe the wife & sister of Typhon, & said that they were added when those five Princes were born. They were added therefore in the reign of Ammon the father of those Princes. But this year was not brought into use before the reign of Amenophis. For in his sepulchre or Temple at Abydus, they placed a circle of 365 cubits in compass covered on the upper side with a plate of gold & divided into 365 equal parts to represent all the days of the year, every part having the day & the Heliacal risings & settings of the starrs on that day noted upon it. And this circle remained there till Cambyses spoiled the Temples of Egypt. And hence from this monument I collect that Amenophis setled this established this year fixing the beginning thereof to one of the four cardinal points of the heavens. For had not the beginning thereof been now fixed, the heliacal risings & settings of the starrs could not have been noted upon the days thereof. The Priests of Egypt therefore in the reign of Amenophis continued to observe the heliacal risings risings & settings of the starrs upon every day & when by the suns meridional altitudes they had found the days of the solstices & equinoxes according to the suns mean motion (his æquation being not yet known) they fixed the beginning of this year to the vernal Equinox, & in memory thereof erected this monument. Now this year being carried into Chaldæa, the Chaldeans began their years of Nabonassar on the same Thoth with the Egyptians & the Thoth of the first year of Nabonassar fell upon the 26th day of February; wchwhich was 33 days & five hours before the vernal equinox according to the suns mean motion. And the Thoth of this year moves backwards 33 days & 5 hours in 137 years & therefore fell on the Vernal equinox 137 years before the Æra of Nabonassar began that is 884 years before Christ. And if it began upon the day next after the Vernal Equinox it might begin thre or four days years earlier. And there we place the death of this king. The Greeks feigned that he was the son of Tithonus, & therefore he was born after the return of Sesac into Egypt with Tithonus & other captives & so might be about 70 or 80 years old at his death. 886 Vlysses leaves Calypso in the Island Cadiz or Cales. She was the daughter of Atlas according to Homer. The ancients at length feigned that this Island (wchwhich from Atlas they called Atlantis,) had been as big as all Europe Afric & Asia, but was sunk into the sea. 883 Dido builds Carthage & the Phenicians began presently after to sail as far as the straits mouth & beyond. Virgil makes Æneas still alive. 870 869 Hesiod flourishes. He has told us himself that he lived in the age next after the warrs of Thebes & Troy, & that this age should end when the men then living grew hoary & dropt into the grave, & therefore it was but of an ordinary length: & Herodotus has told us that Hesiod & Homer were but 400 years older then himself. Whence it follows that the destruction of Troy was scarce above 450 or 460 years older then the writing of Herodotus his history. 856 860 Homer flourishes. Mœris reigns in Egypt. He adorned Memphis & translated the the seat of his Empire thither from Thebes. There he built the famous Labyrinth & the northern portico of the Temple of Vulcan & dug the great Lake, from him called the Lake of Mœris, & upon the bottom of it built two great Pyramids of brick. And these things being not mentioned by Homer or Hesiod were unknown to them & done after their days. He wrote also a book of Geometry. 852 Hazael the successor of Hadad dyes & is deified at Damascus. These Gods Hadad & Hazael together with Arathes the wife of Hadad were worshipped in their sepulchres or Temples till the days of Iosephus the Iew, & the Syrians boasted their antiquity, not knowing, saith Iosephus that they were novel. 844 The Æolic Migration. Bœotia formerly called Cadmeis is seized by the Bœotians. 838 Cheops reigns in Egypt. He built the greatest Pyramid for his Sepulchre, & forbiadding the worship of the former kings, endeavoured intending to have been worshipped himself. 825 The Heraclides (after three generations or an hundred years recconed from their former expedition) return into Peloponnesus. Hence forward to the end of the first Messenian war reigned ten kings of Sparta by one race & nine by another, ten of Messene & nine of Arcadia, which, recconing according to the ordinary course of nature about 18 or 20 years to a reign one reign with another, will scarce take up above 200 years. And the seven reigns more in each of the two races of the Spartan kings to yethe battel of Thermopylæ may take up 140 years more & so place the return of the Heraclides about 820 years before Christ. 824 Cephren reigns in Egypt & builds another great Pyramid. 808 Mycerine reigns there & begins the third great Pyramid. He shut up the dead body of his daughter in another one & caused her to be worshipped daily wthwith odours. 804 The war between the Athenians & Spartans in wchwhich Codrus king of the Athenians is slain. 802 Nitocris the sister of Mycerine succeeds him & finishes the third great Pyramid. Ægypt begins to break into several kingdoms. 794 The Ionic Migration under the conduct of the sons of Codrus. 785 Asychis reigns in Egypt & builds the eastern portico of the Temple of Vulcan very splendidly & a large Pyramid of brick made of the mud of the Lake Mœris. 790 Pul founds the Assyrian Empire. 788 Asychis reigns in Egypt & builds the eastern portico of the Temple of Vulcan very splendidly, & a large Pyramid of brick made of the mud dug out of the Lake Mœris. Ægypt breaks into several kingdoms. Necepsos & Petosiris invent Astrology in Egypt. 776. Iphitus restores the Olympiads. And hence the Æra of the Olympiads is now dated.17 151 now dated. 776. Iphitus restores yethe Olympiads, & hence the Æra of the Olympiads is still recconed. 767. Boccharis reigns in Egypt the upper part of Egypt. 760. Semiramis reigns at Babylon. Sanchoniatho writes. 749. The The Æra of Nabonassar commences. Sabacon the Ethiopian invades Egypt now divided into various kingdoms & burns Boccharis. 740 Tiglathpilasser king of Assyria takes Damascus & captivates the As Syrians. 725 So or Sua succeeds Sabacon in Egypt. 721. Salmanassar king of the Assyrians carries the ten tribes into captivity. 719. Sennacherib reigns, is put to flight by the Ethiopians & Egyptians. reigns. 713 Sennacherib slain by his sons. Asser The Medes revolt from the Assyrians Asserhadon succeeds his father. 717. Tirhakah reigns in Æthiopia. 714. Sennacherib is put to flight by the Ethiopians & Egyptians. 713. The Medes revolt from the Assyrians. Sennacherib slain. Asserhadon succeeds him. 710. Lycurgus brings the poems of Homer out of Asia into Greece. 708. Lycurgus becomes tutor to Charillus or Carilaus the young king of Sparta. Tirhakah reigns in all Egypt. Aristotel makes Lycurgus as old as Iphitus because his name was upon the Disc. But the Disc was one of the five games called the Quinquertium & the Quinquertium was first instituted upon the 18th Olympiad. Socrates & Thucydides ✝ ✝ Socrates & Thucydides made the IstitutionsInstitutions of Lycurgus about 300 years older than the end of the Peloponnesian war. I date them from the year before Christ 690 or thereabouts. 697. The Corinthians began first of any men to build Triremes ships with three orders of oars called Triremes. Hitherto the Greeks had used long vessels of 50 oars. Manasses reigns. 681. Asserhadon takes Babylon. 673. The Iews being conquered by Asserhadon, Manasses is carried captive to Babylon. 671. Asserhadon invades Egypt. The government of Egypt committed to 12 Princes. 668. The western nations of Syrians Phenicians & Egyptians revolt from the Assyrians. Asserhadon dyes. Manasses returns from captivity. Twelve kings reign in Egypt. 658. Phraortes reigns in Media. The Prytanees reign in Corinth expelling their kings. 657. The Corinthians overcome the Corcyreans at Sea, & this was the oldest seafight. Archias the son of Evagetus of the stock of Hercules led a colony from Corinth into Sicily & built Syracuse. 655. The first Messenian war begins. It lasted 20 years. 653 Pasammiticus becomes king of all Egypt by conquering the other eleven kings, with whom he had already reigned 15 years. He reigned about 39 years more. Henceforward the Ionians had access into Egypt, & thence came the Ionian Philosophy Astronomy & Geometry. 650. Charops the first decennial Archon of the Athenians. Some of these might dye before the end of the 10 years & the remainder of the 10 years be supplied by a new Archon. And hence the eleven decennial Archons might not take up above 40 or 50 years. 640. Iosias reigns in Iudea. 636. Phraortes king of the Medes is slain in a war against the Assyrians. Astyages succeeds him. 635. The Scythians invade the Medes & Assyrians. 633. Battus builds Cyrene where Iras the city of Antæus had stood. 628. Phidon king of the Argives. 628 Rome is built. 624. Phalantus leads the Parthenians into Italy & builds Tarentum. 616. The second Messenian war begins. 614 Psammiticus dies. Nechaoh reigns in Egypt. Rome is built. 614. Numa reigns. 611. Cyaxeres reigns over the Medes. Rome is built. Cypselus reigns in Corinth. 610. Creon the first annual Archon of the Athenians. 609. The Princes of the Scythians slain in a feast by Cyaxeres. Iosiah slain. 608. Cyaxeres & Nebuchadnezzar overthrow Nineve, & by sharing the Assyrian Empire grow potent. 607. Cyaxeres makes the Scythians retire beyond Colchos & Iberia, & seizes the Assyrian Provinces of Armenia Pontus & Cappadocia. 606. Nebuchadnezzar invades Syria & Iudea Cyaxeres makes war upon Alyattes king of Lydia. 505. Rome is built. 604. Nabopalasser dies & is succeeded by Nebuchadnezzar. 601. In the sixt year of the war a total Eclips of the Sun predicted by Thales, Apr. 28 between eight & nine in the morning, puts an end to a battel between the Medes & Lydians. They make peace & ratify it by a marriage between Astyages & the son of Cyaxeres & Ariene the daughter of Alyattes. 60018 600 Darius Medus the son or grandson of Cyaxeres is born. 599 Cyrus is born of Mandane the sister of Cyaxeres. 598 The Messenians being conquered fly into Sicily & build Messana. Canamus & 596 Susiana & Elan conquered by Nebuchadnezzar. Cadmus & Perdiccas fly from Phidon & found the kingdom of Macedon. Phidon introduces weights & measures & the coining of silver money. 590 Numa reigns. 588 The Temple of Solomon is burnt. 584 Phidon presides in the 49th Olympiad. 580 Draco being Archon of the Athenians makes laws for them. Phidon overthrown. Two men chosen by elders of the city Elis to preside in the Olympic games. 575 The Amphictyons ‡ obtaining a victory take Cyrrha. ‡ 575 The Amphictyons make war upon the Cyrrheans by the advice of Solon, & take Cyrrha. Clysthenes, Alcmæon & Eurolychus commanded the forces of the Amphictyons, & were contemporary to Phidon. For Leocides the son of Phidon & Megacles the son of Alcmæon, at one & the same time, courted Agarista the daughter of Clysthenes. 569 Nebuchadnezzar invades Egypt. Darius the Mede raigns. 566 Tullus Hostilius reigns in Rome. 563 Solon being Archon of the Athenians makes laws for them 557 Periander dies & Corinth becomes free from Tyrants. 555 Nabonnedus reigns. His mother Nitocris adorns & fortifies Babylon. 553 The conference between Crœsus & Solon. 550 Pisistratus becomes Tyrant of Athens. 547 Sardes is taken by Cyrus. Darius Medus recoins the Lydian money into Daries. Solon dies Hegestratus being Archon. 538 Babylon is taken by Cyrus. 5536 Cyrus overcomes Darius the Mede at Pasargadæ & translates the Empire to the Persians & goes to Ecbatane. The Iews return from captivity. 529. Cyrus dyes, Cambyses reigns. 521. Darius the son of Hystaspis reigns. The Magi are slain. The various religions of the Provinces of Persia being abolished, Hystaspes & Zoroaster institute a new religion of the Magi throughout all the Empire of Persia. 520 the second Temple is built by the command of Darius. 513 Harmodius & Aristogiton slay Hipparchus the son of Pisistratus Tyrant of the Athenians. 510. The kings of the Romans expelled & Consuls created. 491. The battel at Marathon. 485. Xerxes reigns. 480. The passage of Xerxes over the Hellespont into Greece, & the battels at Thermopylæ & Salamis. 464. Artaxerxes Longimanus reigns. 457. Ezra returns into Iudæa. Iohanan the father of Iadua was now grown up, having a chamber in the Temple. 444. Nehemiah returns into Iudæa. Herodotus writes. 431. The Peloponnesian war begins. Thucidides writes. 428. Nehemiah drives away Eleazar the brother of Iadua because he had married Nicaso the daughter of Sanballat. 424. Darius Nothus reigns. 423 Sanballat builds a Temple in mount Gerazim & makes his son in law Eleazar the first High-Priest thereof. 412 Hitherto the Priests & Levites were numbered & written in the Chronicles of the Iews before the death of Nehemiah: at which time either Iohanan or Iadua was High Priest. And here ends the sacred history of the Iews. 332 Darius & The Persian Empire conquered by Alexander the great. 331 Darius Codomannus the last king of Persia slain. Folio 19 is blank. 472 20 A short Chronicle from the first memory of things done in Europe to the conquest of Persia by Alexander set do the great set down in years before Christ. The Canaanites who fled from Iosuha retired in great numbers into Egypt, & there conquered Timaus or Thammuz king of the lower Egypt & reigned there under their kings Salatis, Beon, Apachnas, Apophis, Ianais, Assis, &c untill the days of Eli & Samuel. They fed on flesh, & sacrificed men after the manner of the Phenicians & were called shepherds by the Egyptians who lived only on the fruits of the earth & abominated flesheaters. The upper parts of Egypt were in those days under many kings reigning at Coptos, Thebes, This, Elephantis Syene &c wchwhich by conquering one another grew by degrees into one kingdom under Misphramuthosis in the days of Eli. Circa Ann. A.C. 1120Anno ante Chr. 1120. Mephres reigned over the upper Egypt from Syene to Heliopolis & his successor Misphramuthosis made a lasting war upon the shepherds soon after & caused many of them to fly into Palestine, Idumenia, Syria & Libya, & under Lelex, Æzeus, Inachus, Pelasgus, Æolus the first, Cecrops & other captains, into Greece. And these strangers built the first houses in Greece. They built them first of clay & boughs of trees. Before those days Greece & all Europe was thinly peopled by wandering Cimmerians & Scythians from the backside of the Euxine sea who lived a rambling wild sort of life like the Tartars in the northern parts of Asia. Of their race was Ogyges in whose days the shepherds came into Greece. The rest of the shepherds who staid in Egypt were shut up by Misphramuthosis in a part of Egypt called Abaris or Pelusium with its Territory & thence that part of Egypt was called Aeria. 11001100. The Philistims (strengthened by the the access of the Shepherds) conquer Israel, & take the Ark. Samuel judges Israel. 1083 Hæmon the son of Pelasgus reigns in Thessaly. 10801080 Lycaon the son of Pelasgus builds Lycosura; Phoroneus the son of Inachus Phoronicum or Argos; Ægialeus (the brother of Phoroneus & son of Inachus) Ægyaleum or Sicyon: & Eurotas the son of Lelex Sparta the oldest towns in Peloponnesus. Till then they built only single houses scattered up & down on the hills. About the same time Cecrops built Cecropia in Attica; & Eleusine the son of Ogyges built Eleusina. And these towns gave a beginning to the kingdoms of the Arcadians, Argives, Sicyons, Spartans Athenians, Eleusinians & Spartans. Lacedæmon married Sparta the daughter of Eurotas & from them their town had yethe names of Lacedæmon & Sparta. 10701070 Amosis Thrasis or Sethmosis the successor of Misphramuthosis drives the shepherds out of Abaris & becomes king of all Egypt & abolishes the Phœnician custome in Heliopolis of sacrificing men. By their access of the fugitive shepherds the Philistims became so numerous as to bring into the field against Saul 30000 chariots, 60000 horsmen, & people as the sand of the sea shore in multitude. Deucalion flourishes reigns in Lycoria near Parnassus. 1069.1069 Saul made king of Israel & by the hand of Ionathan gets a great victory over the Philistims. 1074 Eurotas the son of Lelex & Lacedæmon who married Sparta the daughter of Eurotas, reigns in Lacedæmonia. & built Sparta & enlarges Sparts. 1060.1060 Samuel dyes. 1059.1059 David made king. Hellen the son of Deucalion flourishes. 1048.1048 The Edomites are conquered by David. Their king flees to Amoses the young king of Egypt & marries the sister of his queen Tahaphenes & their Mariners fly from the red sea some into Egypt & others to the mediterranean with letters & skill in sea affairs & mix with the Philistims, & build Azoth, & begin to build ships, & to navigate the mediterranean, & others fly with letters & Astronomy to yethe Persian Gulph. 1048 Acrisius marries Eurydice the daughter of Lacedæmon & Sparta & of her begets Danus. 1044. The Syrians of Zobah & Damascus are conquered by David. The 21 The Phenician merchants who had been used to long voyages on the red sea sail from Sidon as far as Greece & carry away Ino the daughter of Inachus, who with other Grecian weomen came to their ships to buy their merchandise. Asterius reigns in Crete. The Greek seas begin to be infested with Pyrates. Zancle built in Sicily afterwards called Messana. 1042. The king of Askalon assisted by the Edomites fugitive Edomites takes Tyre Sidon, & makes the Sidonians fly to Tyre Aradus Cilicia Phrygia Crete Greece & Libya under the conduct of Cadmus, Europa Cilix, Phœnix, Memblianus, Thasus, Alymanus & other captains. The Sidonians build Tyre & make Abibalus the first king thereof. Cadmus & his followers bring into Greece Letters, Musick, Poetry, the Octaeteris, Metalls & their fabrication & other Arts Sciences & customs of the Sidonians, taught principaly by a sort of Phœnicians called Curetes Corybantes Telchines & Idæi Dactyli. At this time Cranaus the successor of Cecrops reigned in Attica & in his reign & the reign of Nychimus the son of Lycaon the Greeks placed the flood of Deucalion at wchwhich time Deucalion fled from Lycorea to Athens. This flood was succeeded by four generations ages or generations wchwhich according to Hesiod ended with the Trojan war, & so places the destruction of Troy four generations, or about 134 years later then the coming of Cadmus, recconing with the ancients three generations to an hundred years. 1040 Hellen the son of Deucalion reigns in Phthiotis, & institutes the Panathenaic Games. 1037. Erechtheus reigns in Attica, & in celebrating the Panathenaia joins horses to a chariot. 1035. The Idæi Dactyli nurse up the Cretan Iupiter in a cave in mount Ida & there find out iron & work it into armour & iron tools. Ceres in seeking her daughter comes into Attica & there teaches the Greeks to sow corn. She first taught the art to Triptolemus the young son of Celeus king of Eleusine. And when he was grown up he dispersed it. The Greek seas begin to be infested with Pyrates. 1024 Ammon reigns in Egypt. He conquered Libya & reduced that people from a wandering salvage life to a civil one & taught them to lay up the fruits of the earth, & from him all Libya & the deserts above it were anciently called Ammonia. He was the first who built long & tall ships with sails being assisted by the Edomites, & had a fleet of such ships on the Red sea, & another then conquered Libya & built another fleet of long ships in in in the Mediterranean built on the sea coast of Libya. Till then they used small & round vessels of burden without sails invented on the Red-sea, & kept within sight of the shore. For enabling them to cross the seas without seeing the shore, the Egyptians began in his days to observe the starrs. And from this beginning Astronomy & sailing had their rise their rise. Hitherto the Luni-solar year had been in use in all nations, but in his days & in the days of his sons & grandsons, by observing the heliacal risings & settings of the starrs, they found the length of the solar year & made it to consist of five days more then the twelve Calendar months of the old Luni-solar year. 1032. Æolus Xuthus & Dorus the son of Hellen flourished. Xuthus marries Creusa the daughter of Erechtheus. 1026. Oenotrus the youngest son of Lycaon (the Ianus of the Latines) led the first colony of the Greeks into Italy, & there taught them letters & to build houses, Perseus born. & sow corn. Arcas the son of Callisto & grandson of Lycaon, & Eumelus the first king of Achaia received breadcorn from Triptolemus. Perseus born. 1010102010120. Apis Epaphus or Epopeus the son of Phoroneus & Nicteus king of Bœotia slain. Lycus inherits the kingdom of his brother Nicteus. Antiopa the daughter of Nicteus is sent home to Lycus by Lamedon the successor of Apis & in the way brings forth Amphion & Zetus. Ætolus the son of Endymion & grandson of Aethlius flyes into the country of the Curetes in Achaia & calls it Ætolia, & of Pronoe the daughter of Phorbus begets Pleuron & Calydon who build cities in Ætolia called by their own name. Ægina the daughter of Æsopus & mother of Æcus born. 1019. Solomon reigns & marries the daughter of Ammon, & by means of this affinity is supplied with horses from Egypt. And his merchants bring horses also from thence for all the kings of the Hittites & Syrians. For horses came originally from Libya, & thence Neptune was called equestris. Tantalus king of Phrygia (or as others say Minos) steales Ganimede the son of Tros. 1016. Erechtheus having first celebrated the Panathenæa, joynes horses to a chariote. Creusa the daughter of Erechtheus marries Zuthus the son of Hellen1016.145 22 Hellen 1016. Solomon by the assistance of the Tyrians sets out a fleet upon the red sea. 1015. The Temple of Solomon is founded. Minos reigns in Crete expelling his father Asterius who flyes into Italy, & becomes the Saturn of the Latines. Ammon takes Gezer from the Canaanite & gives it to his daughter Solomons wife. Minos begins to build Cydonia in Crete. 1010. About this time Temples began to be built in Greece. Ceres being dead Eumolpus institutes her mysteries in Eleusine. The mysteries of Rhea are instituted in Phrygia in the city Cybele. The Amphictyonic Council is instituted at Delphos by Acrisius, having been instituted a little before at Thermopylæ by Amphictyon. These Councils worshipped Ceres & therefore seem to have been instituted after her death. Among the cities wchwhich worshipped whose deputies met at Thermopylæ I do not find Athens & therefore do not reccon Amphictyon king of that city. Hyagnis the Phrygian invents the pipe. 1008 Erechtheus slain. Ion the son of Xuthus flourishes. Cecrops II reigns in Attica. Caucon teaches the mysteries of Ceres in Messene. Sesac in the reign of his father invades Arabia fælix. Cepheus & Cassiopeia reside at Ioppa. 1007 Pandion the brother of Cecrops II reigns in Attica. Pelops the son of Tantalus comes into Peloponnesus, & by his riches grows potent. 1006 Sesac in the reign of his father Ammon invades Afric & Spain & sets up the pillars at the straits mouth & in all his conquests & returns home by the coast of Gaul Italy & Sicily. He did this in round vessels of burden before they began to build long ships with sails upon the Mediterranean. Car the son of Phoroneus builds a Temple to Ceres Hellen the son of Deucalion reigns in Phthiotis. 1005 Minos prepares a fleet, & clears the Greek seas of Pyrates, & sends colonies to the Islands of the Greeks, some of wchwhich were uninhabited before. War between Pandion & Labdacus. the grandson of Cadmus. Andromeda carried away from Ioppa by Perseus. 1002 Sesac reigns in Egypt, & adorns Thebes, dedicating it to his father Ammon by the name of No-Ammon or Ammon-no, that is the people or city of Iupiter Ammon. Whence the Greeks called it Diospolis, the city of Iupiter. Sesac also erected Temples & Oracles to his father in Thebes & in Ammonia & Æthiopia, & thereby caused his father to be worshipped as a god in those countries, & I think also in Arabia felix. And this was the original of the worship of Iupiter Ammon, & the first mention of Oracles that I meet with in prophane history. 1000 Amphion & Zetus slay Lycus, put Laius the son of Labdacus to flight, & reign in Thebes. 994 Ægeus reigns in Attica. Sisyphus the son of Æolus & grandson of Hellen reigns in Corinth & some say that he built that city. 990 Dædalus & his nephew Talus invent the saw & Turning Lath, the Wimble, the Chip-ax & other instruments of Carpenters & Ioyners & thereby give a beginning to those Trades in Europe. Dædalus also invented the making of staues with their feet assunder as if they walked, & his father Eupalamus invented the Anchor. 988 Minos makes war upon the Athenians for killing his son Androgeus. Æacus flourishes. 987 Dædalus kills Talus & flys to Minos. A Priestess of Iupiter Ammon being brought into Greece by Phenician Merchants, sets up the Oracle of Iupiter at Dodona. And this gave a beginning to Oracles in Greece. And by their dictates the worship of the dead was every where introduced in a short time. Theseus born. 981. Alcmena born of Electrio the son of Perseus & Andromeda & of Eurydice the daughter of Pelops. 980 23 980. Laius recovers the kingdom of Thebes. Athamas the brother of Sisyphus & father of Phryxus & Helle marries Ino the daughter of Cadmus. 979 Rehoboam reigns. Thoas is sent from Crete to Lemnos, reigns at Hephæstia & there works in Copper & Iron. 974 Sesac spoiles the Temple & invades Syria Persia & India setting up pillars in all his conquests. Ieroboam becoming subject to Sesac sets up the worship of the Egyptian Gods in Israel. 971 Sesac invades India & returns with triumph the next year but one; in memory of wchwhich the Trietrica Bacchi were celebrated. Æneas born. 970 Thoas marries Callicopis the mother of Æneas & Æetes & daughter of Otreus king of Phrygia. 968 Theseus reigns, having overcome the Minotaur; & soon after he unites the twelve cities of Attica under one government. Sesac leaves Prometheus the son of Iapetus at mount Caucasus & Æetes at Colchos. 967 Sesac passing over the Hellespont conquers Thrace, kills Lycurgus king thereof & gives his kingdom & one of his own singing weomen called Calliope to Oeagrus the father of Linus & Orpheus. Sesac had in his army Æthiopians commanded by Pan & Lybian weomen commanded by Minerva Merina or Minerva. It was the custome of the Ethiopians to dance when they were entring into battel; & from their skipping they were painted with Goats feet. Phemonoe the first priestess of Iuno Argiva. 966. Thoas being made king of Cyprus by Sesac goes thither with his wife Callicopis & leaves his daughter Hypsipyle in Lemnos. 965 Sesac is batled by the Greeks & Scythians, Minerva slain. He Sesac composes the war, is received by one of Amphictyons the son of Deucalion, an Egyptian at a feast, buries Ariadne in Greece, goes back through Asia & Syria with innumerable captives, amongst whom was Tithonus, & leaves his Libyan Amazons under Marthesia & Lampeto (the successors of Minerva) at the river Thermodon. He left also in Colchos Geographical Tables of all his conquests, & hence Geography had its rise. His son Orus & singing weomen were celebrated in Thrace by the name of Apollo & the Muses. Minos dyes. He was eminent for his dominion, his laws & his iustice. Vpon his sepulchre (visited by Pythagoras) was this inscription ΤΩ ΤΟΥ ΔΙΟΣ, The sepuchresepulchre of Iupiter. 964. Danaus with his daughters fly from his brother Ægyptus (that is, from Sesac) & come into Greece. Sesac (using the advice of his Secretary Thoth) distributes Egypt into 36 Nomes, & in every Nome erects a Temple & appoints the several Gods, Festivals, & religions of the several Nomes, the Temples being the sepulchres of the first Princes of the Nomes where in which they were to be buried & worshipped after death with ceremonies & festivals appointed by him. He divided also the land of Egypt by measure amongst his soldiers: & thence Geometry had its rise. Hercules & Eurystheus born. TA Amphictyon brings the twelve great Gods of Egypt from Thrace into Greece, & these are the Dij magni maiorum gentium. 962. Phryxus & Helle flee from their stepmother Ino the daughter of Cadmus. Helle is drowned in the Hellespont so named from her, but Phryxus arrives at Colchos. 9 960. The war between the Lapythæ & the people of Thessaly skilled in horsemanship & called Centaurs for their skill in horsemanship. 959 Asa reigns. 958. Oedipus kills his father Laius. Sthenelus the son of Perseus reigns in Mycene. 956. Sesac is slain by his brother Iapetus who after death was deified by his in Afric by the name of Neptune, & called Typhon by the Egyptians. Orus reigns & routs the Libyans, who under the conduct of Iapetus & his son Antœus or Atlas invaded Egypt. Sesac from his making the river Nile usefull by cutting channels from it to all the cities of Egypt was called by its names Sihor or Siris Nilus & Ægyptus. The Greeks hearing the Egyptians lament O-Siris &471 24 O-Siris & Bou-Siris called him Osiris & Busiris. The Arabians from his great Acts called him Bacchus, that is, the great. For all agree that Bacchus & Osiris were one & the same man. The Phrygians called him Ma-fors or Ma-vors, The valiant, & by contraction Mars. Because he set up pillars in all his conquests, & his army in his fathers reign fought against the Africans with clubs, he is painted with pillars & a club; & this is that Hercules who according to Cicero was born upon the Nile, & according to Eudoxus was slain by Typhon, & according to Didorus was an Egyptian & went over a great part of the world & set up the pillar in Afric. He seems to be also the Belus who according to Didorus led a colony of Egyptians to Bablyon & there instituted Priests called Chaldeans who were free from taxes & observed the starrs as in Egypt. Hitherto Iudah & Israel had laboured under great vexations but henceforward Asa king of Iudah had peace ten years. 947. The Ethiopians invade Egypt & drown Orus in the Nile. Thereupon Bubaste the sister of Orus kills her self by falling from the top of h a house, & their mother Isis or Astræa goes mad. And thus ended the reign of the gods of Egypt. 946 Zerah the Ethiopian is overthrown by Asa. The people of the lower Egypt make Osarsiphus their king & call in two hundred thousand Iews & Phenicians against the Ethiopians. Menes or Amenophis the young son of Zerah & Cissa, reigns in Egypt. 944. The Ethiopians under Amenophis retire from the lower Egypt, & fortify Memphis against Osarsiphus. And by these wars the great Empire of Egypt began to break in pieces. Eurystheus & Gelanor expelled by Danaus. 943. Evander & his mother Carmenta carry letters into Italy. 942 Orpheus deifies the son of Semele by the name of Bacchus & appoints his ceremonies. For it came now into fashion for the Greeks to deify their own men by the names & with the ceremonies of the Egyptian Gods. So the son of Alcmene was deified by the name of Hercules, the son of Penelope by the name of Pan, the daughters of Pierus by the names of the Muses. 941 The hunting of the Calydonian boar. 940. The great men of Greece hearing of the civil wars & distractions of Egypt, resolve to send an Embassy to the nations upon the Euxine & Mediterranean seas subject to that Empire & for that end order the building of the ship Argo. 939. The spl Ship Argo is built after the pattern of the long ship in wchwhich Danaus came into Greece. And this was the first long ship built by the Greeks. Chiron who was born in the golden age forms the Constellations of Cancer for the use of the Argonauts & places the sostitial & equinoctial points in the 15th degrees or middles of the Constellations of Cancer Chelæ Capricorn & Aries. [Meton in the year of Nabonasssr 316 observed the summer solstice in the eighth degree of Cancer & therefore the solstice had then gone back seven degrees. It goes back one degree in about 72 years & seven degrees in about 504 years. Count those years back from the year of Nabonassar 316 & they will place the Argonautic expedition around 936 years before Christ.] 938. Gengris the son of Thoas slain by a wild boar & deified by the name of Adonis. 937 Theseus being 50 years old in the absence of Castor & Pollux steals Helena then seven years old. 916 936 Pirithous the son of Ixion endeavouring to steal Persephone the daughter of Orcus king of the Molossians is slain by the dog of Orcus & his companion Theseus is taken & imprisoned. Helena set at liberty by her brothers Castor & Pollux. 937 The Argonautic Expedition. Prometheus leaves mount Caucasus being set at liberty by Hercules. Laomedon king of Troy slain by Hercules. Priam succeeds him. Talus a brazen man of the brazen age, the son of Minos, slain by the Argonauts. 9356 Theseus is set at liberty by Hercules. The hunting of the Calydonian boar. 93025 935 The hunting of the Calydonian Boar. 930. Amenophis with an army out of Ethiopia & Thebais invades the lower Egypt, conquers Osarsiphus, & drives out the Iews & Canaanites; & this is recconed the second expulsion of the shepherds. Callicopus dyes & is deified by Thoas with a Temple & sacred rites, & becomes the Venus & the Dea Syria of the Ancients; & her three waiting weomen become the three Graces. 928 The war of the seven captains at Thebes. 927 After the death of Hercules Eurystheus drives the Heraclides out of Peloponnesus. He is slain by Hyllus the son of Hercules. Atreus the son of of Pelops succeeds him in the kingdom of the Mycene. Hercules & Æsculapius are deified. Menestheus the great grandson of Erechtheus reigns at Athens. 925 Theseus is slain being cast down from a rock. 924 Hyllus invading Peloponnesus is slain by Echemus. 919 Atreus dyes, Agamemnon reigns. In the absence of Menelaus who went to look after what his father Atreus had left him, Paris steals Helena. Iehosaphat reigns 918. The second war against Thebes. Iehosaphat reigns. 912 Thoas dyes, & for having mad armour for the kings of Egypt is deified with a sumptuous Temple at Memphis with the name of Baal-Canaan, Vulcan. This Temple was said to be built by Menes the first king of Egypt who reigned next after the Gods, that is by Menoph or Ammenoph who reigned next after the death of Osiris, Isis, Orus, Bubaste, Thoth. The city Memphys was also said to be built by Menes. He built it when he fortified it against Osarsiphus. And from him it was called Menoph Moph Noph, & is to this day called Menuf by the Arabians. 908 Amenophis builds the Memnonia at Susa. 904 Troy taken. 903 Demophoon the son of Theseus by Phædra the daughter of Minos reigns at Susa Athens. 901 Amenophis builds small Pyramids in Cochome. 896 Teucer builds Salamis in Cyprus. Hadad or Benhadad dyes & is deified at Damascus with a Temple & ceremonies. 893 Ioram regnat reigns in Iudea. 8912 The Edomites revolt from Iudæa, & interrupt the navigation of the Iews & Tyrians on the red sea. The Tyrians build ships on the Mediterranean & there begin long voyages to places not yet frequented by the Zidonians. And hence arose the opinion mentioned by Herodotus that the Phenicians came originally from the Red Sea. 890 Dido flyes from her brother Pygmaleon king of Tyre to the coast of Afric, & builds Carthage. 887 Amenophis dyes & is succeeded by his son Ramesses who built the western Portico of the Temple of Vulcan. 8865 Carthage dedicated Vlysses leaves Calypso in the Island Cadiz or Cales. She was the daughter of Atlas according to Homer. The ancients at length feigned that this Island (wchwhich from Atlas they called Atlantis) had been as big as all Europe Afric & Asia but was sunk into the sea. 885 Athalia regnat reigns in Iudea. 883 Carthage dedicated. The Phenicians of Tyre begin to sail as far as the straits mouth & beyond. Virgil still makes Æneas still alive. 876 Homer flourishes. ✝ ✝ Some aa Apud Euseb. in chron. placed him in the days of Orestes the son of Agamemnon, & Cornelius Nepos placed him an hundred years before the first Olympiad. 860 Mœris reigns in Ægypt. He adorned Memphis & translated the seat of his Empire thither from Thebes. There he built the famous146 26 famous Labyrinth & the northern portico of the Temple of Vulcan & dug the great Lake from him called the Lake of Mœris, & upon the bottom of it he built two great Pyramids of brick. And these things not being mentioned by Homer or Hesiod were unknown to them & done after their days. He wrote also a Book of Geometry. 852. Hazael the successor of Hadad dyes & is deified at Damascus. These Gods Hadad & Hazael together with Arathes the wife of Hadad were worshipped in their sepulchres or Temples at Damascus till the days of Iosephus the Iew; & the Syrians boasted their antiquity not knowing, saith Iosephus, that they were novel. 844 The Æolic migration. Bœotia formerly called Cadmeis is seized by the Bœotians. 839 Amaziah reigns in Iudea. 838 Cheops reigns in Egypt. He built the greatest Pyramid for his sepulchre, & forbad the worship of the former kings intending to have been worshipped himself. 825. The Heraclides (after three generations or an hundred years recconed from their former expedition) return into Peloponnesus. 824 Cephren reigns in Egypt & builds another great Pyramid. 808 Mycerine reigns there & begins the third great Pyramid. He shut up the body of his dead daughter in a hollow wooden Ox & caused her to be worshipped dayly with odours. 804 The war between the Athenians & Spartans in wchwhich Codrus king of the Athenians is slain. 802 Nitocris the sister of Mycerine succeeds him & finishes the third great Pyramid. Ægypt begins to break into several kingdoms. 794 The Ionic Migration under the conduct of the sons of Codrus. 790 The Assyrians being freed from the dominion of Egypt, Pul founds the Assyrian Empire. 788 Asychis reigns in Egypt & builds the eastern Portico of the Temple of Vulcan very splendidly, & a large Pyramid of brick made of mud dug out of the Lake of Mœris. Necepsos & Petosiris invent Astrology in Egypt. 776 Iphitus restores the Olympiads. And hence the Æra of the Olympiads is now dated. 771 Pul invades Israel & is bought off. 768 Boccharis reigns in the upper part of Egypt. 758 Semiramis reigns at Babylon. Sanchoniatho writes. Iotham reigns in Iudea. 747 The Æra of Nabonassar king of Babylon commences. Sabacon the Ethiopian invades Egypt now divided into various kingdoms, & burns Boccharis. Some Egyptians flying from Sabacon carry to Babylon the Astronomy Astrology & year of Egypt. 740 Tiglathpilasser takes Damascus & captivates the Syrians. 726 Ezekiah reigns in Iudea. 725 So or Sua reigns in Egypt & perhaps is the same king with Sabacon 721 Salmanasser king of the Assyrians carries the ten Tribes into captivity. 715 719 Sennacherib reigns. 717 Tirhakah reigns in governs Æthiopia. 7143 Sennacherib besieges Pelusium & is put to flight with a great slaughter by Sethon king of Egypt & Tirhakah who came down with an army from Ethiopia through the desarts. Sethon may be Sebacon still reigning: for Herodotus saith that he reigned over Egypt 50 years. And Tirhakah may be his son. 709 The Medes revolt from the Assyrians. Sennacherib slain. Asserhadon succeeds him. 708 Lycurgus becomes tutor to Charillus or Carilaus the young king of Sparta. 697 The Corinthians build ships with three orders of oars called Triremes. Hitherto the Greeks had used long vessels of 50 oars. Manasses reigns. Manasses reigns. 606 Asserhadon builds Tarsus & Anchiale. 681. Asserhadon takes Babylon. Lycurgus publishes his laws. Terpander begins to flourish. 673 The Iews conquered by Asserhadon. Manasses carried captive to Babylon. 671. Asserhadon invades Egypt. The government of Egypt committed to twelve Princes. Archilochus & Simonides florent 668. The western nations of Syria Phenicia & Egypt revolt from the Assyrians. Asserhadon dyes. Manasses returns from captivity. 664 Gyges king of Lydia. 658. Phraortes reigns in Media. The Prytanees reign in Corinth expelling their kings. 650 Corcyra built by a colony from Corinth, or 703. 657 The Corinthians overcome the Corcyreans at sea, & this was the oldest sea fight. 730 Archias the son of Evagetus of the stock of Hercules led a colony from Corinth into Sicily & built Syracuse. 655. The first Messenian war begins. It lasted twenty years. Psammiticus becomes king of all Egypt for conquering the other eleven kings, with27 with whom he had already reigned fifteen years. He reigned about 39 years more. Henceforward the Ionians had access into Ægypt, & thence came the Ionian Philosophy Astronomy & Geometry. 650 Charops the first decennial Archon of the Athenians. Some of their Archons might dye before the end of the ten years, & the remainder of the ten years be supplied by a new Archon. And hence the seven decennial Archons might not take above 40 or 50 years. 640 Iosias reigns in Iudea. Rome is built. 636 Phraortes king of the Medes is slain in a war against the Assyrians. Astyages succeeds him. 635 The Scythians invade the Medes & Assyrians. 633 Battus builds Cyrene where Inasa the city of Antæus had stood. 628 Rome is built. 624 B Phalantus leads the Parthenians into Italy & builds Tarentum. 618 The second Messenian war begins. Psammiticus dyes. Nechaoh reigns in Egypt. Tyrtæus the poet flourishes. 614 Numa reigns in Rome. 611 Cyaxeres reigns over the Medes. Cypselus reigns in Corinth. 609 Creon the first annual Archon of the Athenians. 609 The Princes of the Scythians slain in a feast by Cyaxeres. Iosiah slain 609 Nineveh besieged. Iosiah slain. 608 Cyaxeres & Nebuchadnezzar overthrow Nineveh, & by sharing the Assyrian Empire grow potent. 607 Cyaxeres makes the Scythians retire beyond Colchos & Iberia & seizes the Assyrian Provinces of Aremnia Pontus & Cappadocia. 606 Nebuchadnezzar invades Syria & Iudea. Cyaxeres makes war upon Alyattes king of Lydia. 604 Nabopolasser dies & is succeded by Nebuchadnezzar 601 In the sixt year of the Lydian war a total Eclips of the sun predicted by Thales April 28 between eight & nine in the morning puts an end to a battel between the Medes & Lydians. They make peace & ratify it by a marriage between Astyages the son of Cyaxeres & Ariene the daughter of Alyattes. 600 Darius Medus the youngest son of Cyaxeres is born. 599 Cyrus is born of Mandane the sister of Cyaxeres. 598 The Messenians being conquered fly into Sicily, & build Messana. 596 Susiana & Elam conquered by Nebuchadnezzar. Caranus & Perdiccas fly from Phidon & found the kingdom of Macedon. Phidon introduces weights & measures & the coining of silver money. 588 the Temple of Solomon burnt. 586 Tyre beseiged 13 years by Nebuchadnezzar. 584 Phidon presides in the 49th Olympiad. 580 Phidon overthrown. Draco being Archon of the Athenians makes laws for them. Two men chosen by lot out of the city Elis preside in the Olympic games. 578 Tullus Hostilius reigns. Sappho the Poetess flourishes. 575 The Amphictyons make war upon the Cyrrheans by the advice of Solon & take Cyrrha. Alcmæon & Eurolychus commanded the forces of the Amphictyons, & were contemporary to Phidon. For Leocides the son of Phidon & Megacles the son of Alcmæon, at one & the same time courted Agarista the daughter of Clysthenes. 56972. Nebuchadnezzar invades Egypt. 569 Darius the Mede reigns succeeds Cyaxeres. 563. Solon being Archon of Athens makes laws for them. Ancus Martius reigns. 562. Solon travells 557. Periander dyes & Corinth becomes free from Tyrants. Crœsus reigns. 555 Nabonnedus reigns. His mother Nitocris adorns & fortifies Babylon. 5512 Solon returns to Athens. 549 505 4 The conference between Crœsus & Solon. Solon travells again. 550 Pisistratus becomes Tyrant of Athens. Tarquinius Priscus reigns. 549 Solon travells again. The conference between Clœ Crœsus & Solon. 549. Solon travells again. The conference between Crœsus & Solon. 5445 Sardes is taken by Cyrus. Darius Medus recoins the Lydian money into Darics. Solon dyes Hegistratus being Archon. 538. Babylon is taken by Cyrus. Servius Tullius reigns. 536. Cyrus revolts, overcomes Darius the Mede at Pasargadæ, translates the Empire to the Persians & goes to Ecbatane. The Iews return from captivity. 529. Cyrus dyes, is buried at Pasargadæ. Cambyses reigns. Servius Tullius reigns. 525 Pisistratus dyes. Hipparchus reigns. 521. Darius the son of Hystaspes reigns. The Magi are slain. The various religions142 28 religions of the Provinces of Persia abolished, & a new religion of the Magi institued for all Persia by Hystaspes & Zoroaster. 520 The second Temple is built by the command of Darius. Simonides the Poet flourishes. 515 Tarquinius Superbus reigns. 5143 Harmodius & Aristogiton slay Hipparchus the son of Pisistratus, tyrant of the Athenians. 508 The kings of the Romans expelled & Consuls erected. 500 Capua built. 491 The battel at Marathon. 485 Xerxes reigns. 480 The passage of Xerxes over the Hellespont into Greece & the battels of Thermopylæ & Salamis. 464 Artaxerxes Longimanus reigns. 457 Ezra returns returns from Babylon into Iudea. Iohanan the father of Iadua was now grown up, having a chamber in the Temple. 444 Nehemiah returns into Iudæa. Herodotus writes. 441 The Peloponnesian war begins. Thucydides writes. 428 Nehemiah drives away Eleazar the brother of Iadua because he had married Nicaso the daughter of Sanballat. 424 Darius Nothus reigns. 423 Sanballat builds a Temple in mount Gerazim & makes his son in law Eleazar the first High-priest thereof. 412 Hitherto the Priests & Levites were numbered & written in the Chronicles of the Iews before the death of Nehemiah, at wchwhich time either Iohanan or Iadua was High Priest. And here ends the sacred history of the Iews. 405 Artaxerxes Mnemon reigns. The end of the Peloponnesian war. 3321 The Persian Empire conquered by Alexander the great. 3310 Darius Codomannus the last king of Persia slain. Simeon Iustus High Priest. 323 Alexander yethe great dyes. His brother Andæus reigns. 317 Andæus slain Alexander Ægeus reigns. 310 Alexander slain. Hercules the son of Alexander yethe great by Barsina reigns. 305 The Monarchy of the Greeks breaks into smaller kingdoms. Cassander reigns in Macedon, Ptolomy in Egypt, Antigonus in Asia minor & Syria, Lysimachus in Thrace, & Seleuchus beyond Euphrates. 301 The battel at Ipsus. Antigonus slain, & his kingdom divided among the victors. Ptolomy reigns in Egypt, Libya, Palestine & Cælo-Syria; Cassander in Macedon & Greece; Lysimachus in Thrace, Bithynia, Phrygia, Lydia, & some other neighbouring regions; & Seleuchus in the rest of Asia & Syria, & in the regions beyond Euphrates. Folios 29 and 30 are blank apart from a cataloguer's note on f. 30. 567 31 A short Chronicle from the first memory of things in Europe to the conquest of Persia by Alexander the great. in years preceeding the birth of Christ. The Introduction The Greek Antiquities are full of poetical fictions because the Greeks wrote nothing in prose before the conquest of Asia by Cyrus the Persian. Then Pherecydes Scyrius & Cadmus Milesius introduced the writing in prose. Pherecydes Atheniensis about the end of the reign of Darius Hystaspis wrote of Antiquities & digested his work by Genealogies, & was recconed one of the best genealogers. Epimenides the historian proceeded also by genealogies; & Hellanicus who was twelve years older then Herodotus, digested his history by the ages or successions of the priestesses of Iuno Argivas. Others digested theirs by the kings of the Lacedemonians or Archons of Athens. Hippias the Elean about thirty years before the fall of the Persian empire, published a breviary or list of the Olympic victors; & about ten years before the fall thereof, Ephorus the disciple of Isocrates formed a Chronological history of Greece, beginning with the return of the Heraclides into Peloponnesus & ending with the seige of Perinthus in the twelfth year of Philip the father of Alexander the great. But he digested things by generations, & the recconing by Olympiads was not yet in use, nor doth it appear that the reigns of kings were yet set down by numbers of years. The Arundelian marbles were composed sixty years after the death of ALexander the great (An. 4. Olymp. 128) & yet mention not the Olympiads. But in the next Olympiad Timæus Siculus published an history in several books down to his own times according to the Olympiads, comparing the Ephori, the history kings of Sparta, the Archons of Athens, & the Priestesses of Argos with the Olympic victors, so as to make the Olympiads, & the Genealogies of successions of kings archons, & Priestesses & poetical histories suit with one another according to the best of his judgement. And where he left off, Polybius began & carried on the history. So then, a little after the death of Alexander the great they began to set down the generations reigns & successions in numbers of years, & by putting reigns & successions equipollent to generations, & three generations to an hundred or an hundred & twenty years (as appears by their chronology) they have made the antiquities of Greece three or four hundred years older then the truth. And this was the original of the technical chronology of the Greeks. Eratosthenes wrote about an hundred years after the death of Alexander the great. He was followed by Apollodorus, & these two have been followed ever since by Chronologers. But how uncertain their Chronology is & how doubtfull it was reputed by the Greeks of those times, may be understood by these passages of Plutarch. Some reccon, saith he, aa in the Life of Lycurgus Lycurgus contemporary to Iphitus, & to have been his companion in ordering the Olympic festivals: amongst whom was Aristotel the philosopher, arguing from the Olympic disc wchwhich had the name of Lycurgus upon it. Others supputing the times by the succession of the kings of the Lacedemonians as Eratosthenes & Apollodorus, affirm that he was not a few years older then the first Olympiad. First Aristotel & some others made329 32 2 made him as old as the first Olympiad, then Eratosthenes, Apollodorus & some others made him above an hundred years older. And in another place Plutarch bb. in the life of Solon. tells us: The congress of Solon with Crœsus, some think they can confute by Chronology. But an history so illustrious, & verified by so many witnesses & (wchwhich is more) so agreeable to the manners of Solon, & so worthy of the greatness of his mind & his wisdom, I cannot perswade my self to reject because of some Chronological Canons, as they call them: wchwhich hundreds of authors correcting have not yet been able to constitute any certainty among themeselves about repugnances. It seems the Chronologers had made the legislature of Solon too ancient to consist with that congress. For reconciling such repugnances, Chronologers have sometimes doubled the persons of men. So when the Poets had changed Io the daughtter of Inachus into the Egyptian Isis, Chronologers made her husband Osiris or Bacchus & his mistress Ariadne as old as Io & so feigned that there were two Ariadnes, one the mistress of Bacchus, the other the Mistress of Theseus, & two Minoses their fathers, & a younger Io the daughter of Iasus, writing Iasus corruptly for Inachus. And so they have made two Pandions & two Erechtheuses giving the name of Erechthonius to the first. Homer calls the first Erechtheus. And by such corruptions they have exceedingly perplexed ancient history. And as for the Chronology of the Latins that is still more uncertain. Plutarch represents great uncertainties in the Originals of Rome. And so doth Servius. The old records of the Latines were burnt by the Gaulls sixty four years before the death of Alexander the great, & Quintus Fabius Pictor, the oldest historian of the Latines lived an hundred years later then that king. In sacred history the Assyrian empire began with Pul & Tiglathpilesar, & lasted about 170 years. And accordingly Herodotus hath made Semiramis only five generations or about 166 years older then Nitocris the mother of the last king of Babylon. But Ctesias has made Semiramis 1500 years older then Nitocris, & feigned a long series of kings of Assyria whose names are not Assyrian nor have any affinity with the Assyrian names in scripture. The priests of Egypt told Herodotus that Menes built Memphis & the sumptuous temple of Vulcan in that city: & that Rhampsinitus, Mœris, Asychis, Psammiticus added magnificent porticos to that temple. And it is not likely that Memphis could be famous before Homers days who doth not mention it, or that a temple could be above two or three hundred years in building. And yet the priests of Egypt had so magnified their antiquities before the days of Herodotus, as to tell him that from Menes to Mœris there were 330 kings whose reigns took up as many ages, that is eleven thousand years, & had filled up the interval with feigned kings who had done nothing. And before the days of Diodorus Siculus, they had raised their antiquities so much higher as to place six eight or ten new reigns of kings between those kings whom they had represented to Herodotus to succeed one another immediately. In the kingdom of Sicyon Chronologers have split Apis Epaphus or Epopeus into two kings whom they call Apis & Epopeus, & between them have inserted eleven or twelve feigned names of kings who did nothing, & thereby they have made its founder Ægialeus three hundred years older then his brother Phoroneus. And some have made the kings of Germany as old as the flood. And yet before the use of letters the names & actions of men306 33 3 men could scarce be remembered above eighty or an hundred years after their deaths, & therefore I admit no chronology of things done in Europe above eighty years before Cadmus brought letters into Greece: none of things done in Germany before the rise of the Roman Empire. Now since Eratosthenes & Apollodorus computed the times by the reigns of the kings of Sparta; and (as appears by their chronology still followed) have made the seventeen reigns of those kings between the return of the Heraclides into Peloponesus & the battel of Thermopylæ take up 622 years, wchwhich is after the rate of 3612 to a reign, & yet a race of seventeen kings of that length is no where to be met with in all true history, & kings at a moderate recconing reign but 18 or 20 years a piece one with another: I have stated the times of the return of the Heraclides by the last way of recconing placing it 345 years before the battel of Thermopylæ. And making the Trojan war eighty years older according to Thucydides, & the Argonautic expedition a generation older, & the wars of Sesostris in Thrace & death of Ino the daughter of Cadmus a a generation older: I have drawn up the following chronological table so as to make the Chronology suit with the course of nature, with Astronomy, with sacred history, & with itself without the many repugnances complained of by Plutarch. I do not pretend to be exact to a year. There may be errors of five or ten years, & sometimes twenty, & not much more above. A short Chronicle from the first memory of things done in Europe to the conquest of Persia by Alexander the great. The times are set down in years before Christ. The Canaanites who fled from Ioshua retired in great numbers into Egypt & there conquered Timaus, Thamus, or Thammuz king of the lower Egypt, & reigned there under their kings Salatis, Beon, Apachnas, Apophis, Ianias, Assis &c untill the days of Eli & Samuel. They fed on flesh, & sacrificed men after the manner of the Phenecians, & were called shepherds by the Egyptians who lived only on the fruits of the earth & abominated flesheaters. The upper parts of Egypt were in those days under many kings reigning at Coptos, Thebes, This, Elephantis & other places which by conquering one another grew by degrees into one kingdom over wchwhich Misphragmuthosis reigned in the days of Eli. Anno ante Christum 1120. About this time Mephres reigned over the upper Egypt from Syene to Heliopolis & his successor Misphramuthosis made a lasting war on the shepherds soon after & caused many of them to fly into Palestine, Idumea, Syria & Libya, & under Lelex, Æzeus, Inachus, Pelasgus, Æolus the first, Cecrops, & other captains into Greece. And these strangers built the first houses in Greece. Before those days Greece & all Europe was peopled by wandering Cimmerians & Scythians from the backside of the Euxine sea who lived a rambling wild sort of life like the Tartars in the northern parts of Asia. Of their race was Ogyges in whose days these Egyptian strangers came into Greece. The rest of the shepherds were shut up by Misphramuthosis in a part of the lower Egypt566 34 Egypt called Abaris & Pelusium. Anno 1100 strengh The Philistims strengthened by the access of the shepherds conquer Israel & take the Ark. Samuel judges Israel. 1085, Hæmon the son of Pelasgus reigns in Thessaly. 1080, Lycaon the son of Pelasgus builds Lycosura, Phoroneus the son of Inachus Phoronicum afterwards called Argos. Ægialeus the brother of Phoroneus & son of Inachus Ægialeum afterwards called Sicyon; the oldest towns in Peloponesus. Till then they built only single houses scattered up & down in the fields. About the same time Cecrops built Cecropia in Attica & Eleusine afterwards called Athens, & Eleusine the son of Ogyges built Eleusina. And these towns gave a beginning to the kingdoms of the Arcadians, Argives, Sicyons, Athenians, Eleusinians, &c. 1070, Amosis or Tethmosis the successor of Misphramuthosis drives the shepherds out of Abaris & abolishes the Phœnician custom in Heliopolis of sacrificing men. By their access the Philistims became so numerous as to bring into the field against Saul 30000 chariots 6000 horsmen & people as the sand on the sea shore in multitude. Abas the father of Acrisius & Prœtus comes from Egypt. 1069. Saul is made king of Israel & by the hand of Ionathan gets a great victory over the Philistims. Eurotas the son of Lelex, & Lacedæmon who married Sparta the daughter of Eurotas, reign in Laconia & build Sparta. Deucalion flourishes. 1060. Samuel dyes. 1059. David made king. 1048. The Edomites are conquered by David. Their mariners fly from the red sea to the mediterranean, fortify Azoth, & take Zidon & the Zidonians who fled from them build Tyre & make Abibalus their first king. 10417. Acrisius marries Eurydice the daughter of Lacedæmon & Sparta. 1045. The Phenician mariners who fled from the red sea, being used to long voiages for the sake of trafic, begin the like voiages on the Mediterranean from Sidon, & sailing as far as Greece carry away Io the daughter of Inachus who with other Grecian weomen came to their ships to buy their merchandise. The Greek seas begin to be infested with pyrates. Endymion builds Elis. 1043 The Syrians of Zobah & Damascus are conquered by David. 1042 Many of the Phenicia Nyctimus the son of Lycaon reigns in Arcadia. Deucalion still alive. 1041. Many of the Phenicians & Syrians flee from Sidon, & come under the conduct of Cadmus, Cilix, Phœnix, Memblianus, Nicteus, Thasus, Atymnus & other captains into Asia minor, Crete, Greece & Libya & introduce letters, music, poetry, the Octaeteris, metalls & their fabrication, & other arts sciences & customes of the Phenicians. At this time Cranaus the successor of Cecrops reigned in Attica & in his reign & the beginning of the reign of Nyctimus the Greeks place the flood of Deucalion. This flood was succeeded by four ages or generations of men in the first of wchwhich Chiron the son of Saturn & Philyra was born, & the last of which according to Hesiod ended with the Trojan war & so place the destruction of Troy four generations or about 138 years later then that flood & then the coming of Cadmus, recconing with the ancients three generations to an hundred years. With these Phenicians came a sort of men skilled in the religious mysteries Arts & sciences of Phenicia & setled in several places under the names of Curetes, Corybantes, Telchines & Idæi Dactyli. 1039. Helen the son of Deucalion & father of Æolus ZXuthus & Dorus flourishes. 1037. Erechtheus reigns in Attica. 1036 Ceres 471 35 5 1036 Ceres a woman of Sicily, in seeking her daughter who was stollen, comes into Attica, & there teaches the Greeks to sow corn. For which benefaction she was deified after death. She first taught the art to Triptolemus the young son of Celeus king of Eleusis. 1035. The Idei Dactyli find out iron in mount Ida in Crete, & work it into armour & iron tools & thereby give a beginning to the trades of Smiths & Carpenters in Europe. And by singing & dancing in their armour & keeping time by striking on one anothers armour with their swords, they bring in music & poetry. And at the same time they nurse up the Cretan Iupiter in a cave of the same mountain, dancing about him in their armour. 1034 Ammon reigns in Egypt. He conquered Libya & reduced that people from a wandering salvage life to a civil one, & taught them to lay up the fruits of the earth. And from him Libya & the desert above it were anciently called Ammonia. He was the first that built long & tall ships with sails & had a fleet of such ships on the Red Sea & another on the Mediterranean at Inasa in Libya. Till then they used small & round vessels of burden invented on the red sea, & kept within sight of the shore. For enabling them to cross the seas without seeing the shore: the Egyptians began in his days to observe the stars. And from this beginning Astronomy & sailing had their rise. Hitherto the lunisolar year had been in use: but this year being of an uncertain length, & so unfit for Astronomy, in his days & in the days of his sons & grandsons, by observing the heliacal risings & settings of the stars, they found the length of the solar year, & made it consist of five days more then the twelve calendar months of the old Lunisolar year. 1028. Oenotrus the youngest son of Lycaon (the Ianus of the Latines) led the first colony of the Greeks into Italy, & there taught them to build houses. Perseus born. 1025. Archas the son of Callisto & grandson of Lycaon, & Eumelus the first king of Achaia, received bread-corn from Triptolemus. 1020. Apis Epaphus or Epopeus the son of Phoroneus, & Nicteus king of Bœotia slain. Lycus inherits the kingdom of his brother Nicteus. Æolus the son of Endymion flyes into the country of the Curetes in Achaia & calls it Ætolia, & of Pronoe the daughter of Phorbus begets Pleuron & Calydon, who build cities in Ætolia called by their own names. Antiopa the daughter of Nicteus is sent home by Lycus to Lycus by Lamedon the successor of Apis, & in the way brings forth Amphion & Zethus. 1019. Solomon reigns & marries the daughter of Ammon, & by means of this affinity is supplied with horses from Egypt. And his merchants from thence also bring horses for all the kings of the Hittites & Syrians. For horses came originally from Libya. And thence Neptune was called equestris. Tantalus the king of Phrygia steals Ganimede the son of Tros king of Troas. 1017. Solomon by the assistance of the Tyrians, who had marriners amongst them acquainted with the red sea, sets out a fleet upon that sea. Creusa the daughter of Erechtheus marries Zuthus the son of Hellen. Erechtheus having first celebrated the Panathenæa joynes horses to a chariot. Ægina the daughter of Æsopus & mother of Æacus born. 1015 The temple of Solomon is founded. Minos reigns in Crete expelling his father who flees into Italy & becomes the Saturn of the Latines. Ammon takes Gezer from the Caananites & gives it to his daughter Solomons wife. 1014 Ammon places Cepheus at Ioppa. Ceres being dead Eumolpus institutes her mysteries in Eleusine. The mysteries of Rhea are instituted in Phrygia in the city Cybele. About this time temples begin to be built in Greece. Hyagnis the Phrygian invents the pipe. After the example of the common council of the five lords of the Philistims the Greeks set up the Amphictyonic council first at Thermopylæ by the influence of Amphictyon the son of Deucalion, & a few years after at Delphi by the influence of Acrisius.480 36 6 Acrisius. Among the cities whose deputies met at Thermopylæ I do not find Athens & therefore doubt whether Amphictyon was king of Athens that city. If he was the son of Deucalion & brother of Hellen he & Cranaus might reign together in several parts of Attica. But I meet with a later Amphictyon who enterteined the great Bacchus. This council worshipped Ceres & therefore was instituted after her death. 1012. Cecrops II reigns in Attica. Caucon teaches the mysteries of Ceres in Messene. Sesac in the reign of his father Ammon invades Arabia felix. 100117. Pandion the brother of Cecrops II reigns in Attica. Pelops the son of Tantalus comes into Peloponnesus marries Hippodamia the granddaughter of Acrisius, takes Ætolia from Ætolus the son of Endymion. & by his riches grows potent. 1010. Car the son of Phoroneus builds a temple to Ceres. Hellen the son of Deucalion reigns in Phthiotis. 1008. Sesac in the reign of his father Ammon invades Afric & Spain, & sets up pillars at the mouth of the streights & in all his conquests & returns by the coast of Gaul & Italy. 1006 Minos prepares a fleet, clears the Greek seas of pyrates, & sends colonies to the islands of the Greeks, some of wchwhich were not inhabited before. War between Pandion & Labdacus the grandson of Cadmus. 1005. Andromeda carried away from Ioppa by Perseus. 1002. Sesac reigns in Egypt, & adorns Thebes, dedicating it to to his father Ammon by the name of No-Ammon or Ammon-No, that is, the city or people of Ammon. Whence the Greeks called it Diospolis, the city of Iupiter. Sesac also erected Temples & Oracles to his father in Thebes Ammonia & Ethiopia & thereby caused his father to be worshipped as a God in those countries, & I think also in Arabia Felix. And this was the original of the worship of Iupiter Ammon, & the first mention of Oracles that I meet with in profane history. 1000 Amphion & Zethus slay Lycus, put Laius the son of Labdacus to flight, & reign in Thebes, & wall the city about. 994 Ægeus reigns in Attica. 993 Sisyphus the son of Æolus reigns & grandson of Hellen reigns in Corinth, & some say that he built that city. 990 Dædalus & his nephew Talus invent the saw, the turning lath, the wimble, the chip-ax, & other instruments of Carpenters & joyners & thereby give a beginning to those Arts in Europe. Dædalus also invented the making of statues with their feet asunder as if they walked. 988. Minos makes war upon the Athenians for killing his son Androgeus. Æacus flourishes. 987 Dædalus kills Talus & flies to Minos. A Priestess of Iupiter Ammon being brought by Phenician merchants into Greece, sets up the Oracle of Iupiter at Dodona. And this gives a beginning to Oracles in Greece. And by their dictates the worship of the dead is every where introduced. 981 Electra born of Electryo the son of Perseus & Andromeda, & Eurydice the daughter of Pelops. 980. Laius recovers the kingdom of Thebes. Athamas the brother of Sisyphus & father of Phryseus & Helle marries Ino the daughter of Cadmus. 979. Rehoboam reigns. Thoas is sent from Crete to Lemnos, & reigns there in the city of Hephestia, where he works in copper & iron. 974 Sesac spoils the Temple, & invades Syria Persia & India setting up pillars in all his conquests. Ieroboam becoming subject to Sesac sets up the worship of the Egyptian gods in Israel. 971. Sesac invades India & returns with triumph the next year but one. Whence Trietrica Bacchi. He sets up two pillars on two mountains at the mouth of the river Ganges. 968. Theseus reigns having overcome the Minotaur, & soon after unites the twelve cities of Attica under one government. And ho Sesac havingcarried on his victories to mount Caucasus leaves his nephew Prometheus there, & Æetes at Colchos. 967. Sesac passing over the Hellespont conquers Thrace, kills Lycurgus king479 37 8 king thereof, & gives his kingdom and one of his singing weomen to Oeagrus the father of Orpheus. Sesac had in his army Ethiopians commanded by Pan, & Libyan weomen commanded by Merina or Minerva. It was the custome of the Ethiopians to dance when they were entring into a battel, & from their skipping they were painted with Goats feet in the form of Satyrs. 966. Thoas being made king of Cyprus by Sesac goes thither with his wife Callicopis & leaves his daughter Hypsipyle in Lemnos. 965 Sesac is baffled by the Greeks & Scythians, loses many of his weomen with their queen Minerva, composes the war, is received by Amphictyon at a feast, buries Ariadne, goes back through Asia & Syria into Egypt with innumerable captives, among whom was Tithonus the son of Laomedon & brother of Priam king of Troy; & leaves his Libyan Amazons under Marthesia & Lampeto, the successors of Minerva, at the river Thermodon. He left also in Colchos geographical Tables of all his conquests; & thence Geography had its rise. His singing weomen were celebrated in Thrace with the name of the Muses. And the daughters of Pierus a Thracian imitating them were celebrated by the same name. 964. Danaus comes into Greece flying from his brother Ægyptus or Sesac. Minos making war upon Cocalus king of Sicily, is slain by him. He was eminent for his dominion his laws & his justice. Vpon his sepulchre visited by Pythagoras was this inscription ΤΟΥ ΔΙΟΣ, the sepulchre of Iupiter. Danaus with his daughters flying from his brother Ægyptus (that is from Sesac) comes into Greece. Sesac using the advice of his secretary Thoth, distributes Egypt into XXXVI nomes, & in every nome erects a Temple, & appoints the several Gods, festivals, & religions of the several Nomes. The temples being were the sepulchres of his great men where they were to be buried & worshipped after death, each in his own temple with ceremonies & festivals appointed by him; while he & his queen by the names of Osiris & Isis, were to be worshipped in all Egypt. These were the temples seen & described by Lucian eleven hundred years after to be of one & the same age. And this was the original of the several Nomes of Egypt, & of the several Gods & several religions in those Nomes. Sesac divided also the land of Egypt by measure amongst his soldiers, & thence Geometry had its rise. Hercules & Eurystheus born. 963. Amphictyon brings the twelve Gods of Egypt into Greece, & these are the Dij magni majorum gentium, to whom the earth & planets & elements are dedicated. 962 Phrixus & Helle fly from their stepmother Ino the daughter of Cadmus. Helle is drowned in the Hellespont so named from her, but Phryxus arrives at Colchos. 960 The war between the Lapthæ & the people of Thessaly called Centaurs. 958. Oedipus kills his father Laius. Sthenelus the son of Perseus, reigns in Mycene. 956. Sesac is slain by his brother Iapetus who after death was deified in Afric by the name of Neptune & called Typhon by the Egyptians. Orus reigns & routs the Libyans who under the conduct of Iapetus & his son Antæus or Atlas invaded Egypt. Sesac from his making the river Nile useful by cutting channels from it to all the cities of Egypt, was called by its names Sihor or Siris, Nilus, & Ægyptus. The Greeks hearing the Egyptians lament O Siris & Bou Sirus called him Osiris & Busiris. The Arabians from his great acts called him Bacchus, that is, the great. The Phrygians called him Ma-fors or Mavors the valiant, & by contraction Mars. Because he set up pillars in all his conquests, & his army in his fathers reign fought against the Africans with clubs he is painted with pillars & a club. And this is that Hercules who according to Cicero was born upon the Nile & according to Eudoxus was slain by Typhon, & according to Diodorus was an Egyptian & went over a great part of the world & set up the pillars in Afric. He seems to be also the Belus who, according to Diodorus, led a colony of Egyptians to Babylon & there instituted priests called Chaldæans who were free from taxes & observed the stars as in Egypt. Hitherto Iudah & Israel laboured under great vexations: but henceforward Asa king of Iudea had peace ten years. 947. The Ethiopians invade Egypt & drown Orus in the Nile. Thereupon Bubaste the sister of Orus kills her self by falling from the top of an house: & their mother Isis or Astræa goes mad. And thus ended the reign of the Gods of Egypt. 946 Zerah the Ethiopian is overthrown by Asa. The people of the lower Egypt make Osarsiphus their king & call in two hundred thousand Iews & Phenicians against the Ethiopians. Menes reigns or Amenophis the young son of Zerah & Cissa reigns. The people of the lower 944. The Ethiopians under Amenophis retire from the lower Egypt & fortify Memphis agains Osarsiphus. And by these wars & the Argonautic expedition453 38 8 expedition the great empire of Egypt breaks in pieces. Eurystheus the son son of Sthenelus reigns in Mycene. 943 Evander & his mother Carmenta carry letters into Italy. 942 Orpheus deifies the son of Semele by the name of Bacchus & appoints his ceremonies. 940 The great men of Greece learning of the civil warrs & distractions of Egypt, resolve to send an embassy to the nations upon the Euxine & mediterranean seas subject to that empire, & for that end order the building of the ship Argo. 939 The ship Argo is built after the pattern of the long ship in which Danaus came into Greece. And this was the first long ship built by the Greeks. Chiron who was born in the Golden age, forms the Constellations for the use of the Argonauts, & places the solstitial & equinoctial points in the fifteenth degrees or middles of the constellations of Cancer Chelæ Capricorn & Aries. Meton in the year of Nabonassar 316 observed the summer solstice in the eighth degree of Cancer & therefore the solstice had then gone back seven degrees. It goes back one degree in about seventy & two years, & seven degrees in about 504 years. Count these years back from the year of Nabonassar 316, & they will place the Argonautic expedition about 936 years before Christ. Gingris the son of Thoas slain & deified by the name of Adonis. 938 Theseus being fifty years old steals Hellena then seven years old. Perithous the son of Ixion endeavouring to steal Persephone the daughter of Orcus king of the Molossians, is slain by the dog of Orcus, & his companion Theseus is taken & imprisoned. Helena set at liberty by her brothers. 937 The Argonautic expedition. Prometheus leaves mount Caucasus being set at liberty by Hercules. Laomedon king of Troy slain by Hercules. Priam succeeds him Talus, a brazen man of the brazen age, the son of Minos, slain by the Argonauts. Æsculapius & Hercules were Argonauts, & Hippocrates was the eighteenth from Æsculapius by the fathers side, & the nineteenth from Hercules by the mothers side. And because these generations being noted in history were most probably by the chief of the family, & for the most part by the eldest sons: we may reccon 28 or at most 30 years to a generation. And thus the seventeen intervals by the fathers side & eighteen by the mothers will at a middle recconing amount to about 507 years. Which being counted backwards from the beginning of the Peloponesian war (at which time Hippocrates began to flourish) will reach up to the time where we have placed the Argonautic expedition. 936. Theseus is set at liberty by Hercules. 934. The hunting of the Calydonian boar, slain by Meleager. 930. Amenophis with an army out of Ethiopia & Thebais invades the lower Egypt, conquers Osarsiphus & drives out the Iews & Caananites. And this is recconed the second expulsion of the shepherds. Callicopis dies & is deified by Thoas with temples at Paphos & Amathus in Cyprus & at Byblus in Syria, & with priests & sacred rites, & becomes the Venus of the ancients, & the Dea Cypria & Dea Syria. And from these & other places where temples were erected to her, she was also called Paphia, Amathusia, Byblia, Cytherea, Salaminia, Cnidia, Erycina, Idalia, &c. And her three waiting weomen became the three Graces. 928 The war of the seven capitains against Thebes. 927 Hercules & Esculapius are deified. Eurystheus drives the Heraclides out of Peloponesus. He is slain by Hyllus the son of Hercules. Atreus the son of Pelops succeeds him in the kingdom of the Mycenæ. Menestheus the great grandson of Erechtheus reigns at Athens. 925 Theseus is slain being cast down from a rock. 924 Hyllus invading Peloponesus is slain by Echemus. 919 Atreus dies. Agamemnon reigns. In the absence of Menelaus who went to look after what his father Atreus had left him, Paris steals Helena. 918 The second war against Thebes. 912. Thoas king of Cyprus & part of Phœnicia dies: & for making armour for the kings of Phœnica Egypt is deified with a sumptuous temple at Memphis by the name of Baal Canaan, Vulcan. This temple was said to be built by Menes the first king of Egypt who reigned next after the Gods, that is, by Menoph or Amenophis who reigned520 39 9 reigned next after the death of Osiris, Isis, Orus, Bubaste & Thoth. The city Memphis was also said to be built by Menes. He began to build it when he fortified it against Osarsiphus And from him it was called Menoph, Moph, Noph &c., & is to this day called Menuf by the Arabians. And therefore Menes who built the city & temple was Menoph or Amenophis. The priests of Egypt at length made this temple above a thousand years older then Amenophis, & some of them five or ten thousand years older. But it could not be above two or three hundred years older then the reign of Psammiticus who finished it & died 614 years before Christ. When Menoph or Menes built the city he built a bridge there over the Nile: a work too great to be older then the monarchy of Egypt. 909 Amenophis (called Memnon by the Greeks) built the Memnonia at Susa & left Egypt under the government of Proteus his viceroy. 904 Troy taken. Amenophis was still at Susa: the Greeks feigning that he came from thence to the Trojan war. 903 Demophoon the son of Theseus by Phædra the daughter of Minos reigns at Athens. 901 Amenophis builds small Pyramids in Ch Cochome. 895 Teucer builds Salamis in Cyprus. Hadad or Benhadad king of Syria dies, & is deified at Damascus with a temple & ceremonies. 887 Amenophis dies & is succeded by his some Ramesses or Rhampsintius who builds the western portico of the temple of Vulcan./ The Egyptians dedicated to Osiris, Isis, Orus senior, Typhon & Nephthe the sister & wife of Typhon, the five days added by the Egyptians to the twelve Calendar months of the old Lunisolar year, & said that they were added when these five princes were born. They were added therefore in the reign of Ammon the father of these five princes. But this year was not brought into use before the reign of Amenophis. For in his temple or sepulchre at Abydus, they placed a circle of 365 cubits in compass covered on the upper side with a plate of gold, & divided into 365 equal parts to represent all the days of the year, every part having the day of the year & the heliacall risings & settings of the starrs on that day, noted upon it. And this circle remained there till Cambyses spoiled the temples of Egypt. And from this monument I collect that it was Amenophis who established this year, fixing the beginning thereof to one of the four cardinal points of the heavens. For had not the beginning thereof been now fixed the heliacal risings & settings of the starrs could not have been noted upon the days thereof. The priests of Egypt therefore in the days reign of Amenophis, continued to observe the heliacal risings & settings of the starrs upon every day. And when by the sun's meridional altitudes they had found the solstices & equinoxes according to the suns mean motion (his Æquation being not yet known) they fixed the beginning thereof this year to the vernal equinox, & in memory thereof erected this monument. Now this year being carried into Chaldea, the Chaldeans began their year of Nabonassar on the same Thoth with the Egyptians; & the Thoth of the first year of Nabonassar fell upon the 26th day of february: which was 33 days & five hours before the vernal equinox according to the sonssuns mean motion. And the Thoth of this year moves backward 33 days & five hours in 137 years, & therefore fell upon the vernal Equinox 137 years before the Æra of Nabonassar began, that is, 884 years before Christ. And if it began upon the day next after the Vernal Equinox, it might begin three or four years earlier. And there we may place the death of this king. The Greeks feigned that he was the son of Tithonus, & therefore he was born after the return of Sesac into Egypt with Tithonus & other captives, & so might be about 70 or 75 years old at his death. 886 Vlysses leaves Calypso in the island Ogygie (perhaps Cadis or Cales) She was the daughter of Atlas according to Homer. The ancients at length feigned that this island (wchwhich from Atlas they called Atlantis) had been as big as all Europe, Africa & Asia but was sunk into the sea. 883 Dido builds Carthage & the Phenicians begin presently after to sail as far as the straits mouth & beyond. Æneas was still alive according to Virgil. 870 Hesiod flourishes. He has told us himself that he lived in the age next after the wars of Thebes & Troy, & that this age should end when the men then living grew hoary & dropt into the grave, & therefore it was but of an ordinary length. And Herodotus has told us that Hesiod & Homer were but 400 years older then himself. Whence it follows that the destruction of Troy was scarce above 450 or 460. 860. Mœris reigns in Egypt. He adorned Memphis, & translated the seat of his empire thither from Thebes. There he built the famous Labyrinth, & the northern portico of the temple of Vulcan, & dug the great lake called the lake of Mœris, & upon the bottom469 40 10 bottom of it built two great pyramids of brick. And these things being not mentioned by Homer or Hesiod were unknown to them, & done after their days. He wrote also a book of Geometry. 852. Hazael the successor of Hadad at Damascus dyes & is deified. at Damascus. These Gods Hadad & Hazael, together with Anathes the wife of Hadad were worshipped in their sepulchres or temples till the days of Iosephus the Iew, & the Syrians boasted their antiquity, not knowing, saith Iosephus, that they were novel. 844. The Æolic migration. Bœotia formerly called Cadmeis is sezied by yethe Bœotians. 838. Cheops reigns in Egypt. He built the greatest Pyramid for his sepulchre, & forbad the worship of the former kings, intending to have been worshipped himself. 825. The Heraclides, after three generations re or an hundred years recconed from their former expedition, return to Peloponesus. Henceforward to the end of the first Messenian warr reigned ten kings of Sparta by one race & nine by another, ten of Messene & nine of Arcadia, wchwhich, recconing according to the ordinary course of nature about 18 or 20 years to a reign, one reign with another, will scarce take up above 200 years. And the seven reigns more in each of the two races of the Spartan kings to the battel of Thermopylæ, may take up 140 years more & so place the return of the Heraclides about 820 years before Christ. 824 Cephren reigns in Egypt, & builds another great Pyramid. 808 Mycerine reigns there & begins the third great Pyramid. He shut up the dead body of his daughter in a hollow ox, & caused her to be worshipped daily with odours. 804 The war between the Athenians & Spartans, in wchwhich Codrus king of the Athenians is slain. 802 Nitocris the sister of Mycerine succeeds him & finishes the third great Pyramid. The Assyrians & Ethiopians revolt from Egypt. 794. The Ionic migration under the conduct of the sons of Codrus. The Assyrians & Ethiopians being divided from Egypt 790. Pul founds the Assyrian empire. 788. Asychis reigns in Egypt, & builds the eastern portico of the Temple of Vulcan very splendidly, & a large Pyramid of brick made of mud dug out of the lake of Mœris. Ægypt breaks into several kingdoms. Gnephactus & Boccharis reign successively in the upper Egypt; Stephanates Nechepsos & Nechus at Sais. Anysis or Amosis at Anysis or Hanes; & Tacellotis at Bubaste. 776. Iphitus restores the Olympiads. And from this Æra the Olympiads are now recconed. Gnephactus reigns at Memphis. 772 Necepsos & Petosiris invent Astrology in Egypt. 762 Boccharis reigns in Egypt. 760 Semiramis reigns at Babylon. Sanchoniatho writes. 760. Semiramis begins to flourish. Sanchoniatho writes. 751 The Æra of Nabonassar Sabacon the Ethiopian invades Egypt now divided into various kingdoms & burns Boccharis slays Nechus & makes Anysis fly. Sabacon the Ethiopian invades Egypt now divided into various kingdoms, burns Buccharis slays Nechus & makes Anysis fly. 747 The Æra of Nabonassar, Pul being succeeded at Babylon by Nabonassar & at Nineveh by Tiglathpilasser. 747 Pul is succeeded at Nineveh by Tiglathpilasser & at Babylon by Nabonassar & Semiramis flourishes. Pul dies at is succeeded at Nineveh by Tiglathpilaser & at Babylon by Nabonassar. The Egyptians who fled from Sabacon carry their Astronomy & Astrology to Babylon & upon the death of Pul found the Æra of Nabonassar in Egyptian years of 365 days, Pul being succeeded at Nineveh by Tiglathpilasser & at Babylon by Nabonasser. Sanchoniatho writes. beginning on the same day with those of Egypt. 740 Tiglathpilassar king of Assyria takes Damascus & captivates yethe Syrians. Tiglathpilassar king of Assyria takes Damascus & captivates yethe AssSyrians. 729 Tiglathpilasser is succeeded by Solmanasser. 729 Tiglathpilasser is succeeded by Solmanasser. 725 So or Sua succeeds Sabacon in Egypt. 721. Salmanasser king of the Assyrians carries the ten tribes into captivity. 719. Sennacherib reigns over Assyria 717. Tirhakah reigns in Æthiopia 714 Sennacherib is put to flight by the Ethiopians & Egyptians. 7131. The Medes revolt from the Assyrians. Sennacherib slain. Asserhadon succeeds him. This is that Asserhadon-Pul, or Sardanapalus, the son of Anacyndaraxis or Sennacherib, who built Tarsus & Anchiale in one day. 710. Lycurgus brings the poems of Homer out of Asia into Greece. 708. Tirhakah reigns in all Egypt & invades Spain. Lycurgus becomes tutor to Charillus or Charilaus the young king of Sparta. Aristotel makes Lycurgus as old as Iphitus because his name was upon the Olympic Disc. But the disc was one of the five games called the Quinquertium, & the Quinquertium was first instituted upon the eighteetheighteenth Olympiad. Socrates & Thucydides made the institutions of Lycurgus about 300 years older then the end of the Peloponesian warr, that is 705 years before Christ. 701 Sabacon relinquishes Egypt to his son Sevechus or Sethon who becomes priest of Vulcan & neglects military affairs. 701 Sabacon after a reign of 50 years relinquishes Egypt to his son Sevechus or Sethon who becomes Priest of Vulcan & neglects military affairs. 697 The Corinthians began first of any men to build ships with three orders of oars called Triremes. Hitherto the Greeks had used long vessels of fifty oars. 698. Manasses reigns. 698. Manasses reigns. 697 The Corinthians began first of any men to build ships with three orders of oars called Triremes. Hitherto the Greeks had used long vessels of fifty oars. 687 Tirhakah reigns in Ægypt & invades Spain. 687. Tirhakah reigns in Egypt. 681. Asserhadon takes Babylon. 681 Asserhadon takes Babylon 673. The Iews conquered by Asserhadon & Manasses carried captive to Babylon. 671. Asserhadon invades Egypt. The government of Egypt committed to twelve princes. 668. The western nations of Syria Phenicia & Egypt revolt from the Assyrians. Asserhadon dyes & is succeeded by Saosduchinus. Manasses returns from captivity. 658. Phraortes593 41 11 658. Phraortes reigns in Media. The Prytanees reign in Corinth expelling their kings. 657 The Corinthians overcome the Corcyreans at sea; & this was the oldest sea fight. Archias the son of Evagetus of the stock of Hercules, led a colony from Corinth into Sicily & built Syracuse. 655 The first Messenian war begins. It lasted twenty years. Psammiticus becomes king of all Egypt by conquering the other eleven kings with whom he had already reigned elev fifteen years. He reigned about 39 years more. Henceforward the Ionians had access into Ægypt: & thence came the Ionian Philosophy Astronomy & Geometry. 650 Charops the first decennial Archon of the Athenians. Some of these Archons might dye before the end of the ten years, & the remainder of the ten years be supplied by a new Archon. And thence the seven decennial Archons might not take up above forty or fifty years. 647 Saosduchinus king of Assyria dyes & is succeeded by Chyniladon. 640 Iosias reigns in Iudea. 636 Phraortes king of the Medes is slain in a war against the Assyrians. Astyages succeeds him. 635 The Scythians invade the Medes & Assyrians 633 Battus builds Cyrene where Irasa the city of Antæus had stood. 625 Nabopalasser revolts from the king of Assyria, & reigns over Babylon. 624 Phalantus leads the Parthenians into Italy & builds Tarentum. 617. The second Messenian war begins. Psammiticus dyes. Nechao reigns in Egypt. Rome is built. 611. Cyaxeres reigns over the Medes. 610 Creon the first annual Archon of the Athenians. The Princes of the Scythians slain in a feast by Cyaxeres. 609 Iosiah slain. Cyaxeres & Nebuchadnezzar overthrow Nineveh & by sharing the Assyrian empire grow great. 607. Cyaxeres makes the Scythians retire beyond Colchos & Iberia & seizes the Assyrian provinces of Armenia Pontus & Cappadocia. 606 Nebuchadnezzar invades Syria & Iudæa. Cyaxeres makes war upon Alyattes king of Lydia. 604 Nebuchadnezzar Nabopolasser dyes & is succeeded by his son Nebuchadnezzar who had already reigned two years with his father. 601 In the sixt year of the Lydian war, a total Eclips of the sun predicted by Thales Apr. 28 between eight & nine of the clock in the morning puts an end to a battel between the Medes & Lydians. Whereupon they make peace & ratify it by a marriage between Astyages the son of Cyaxeres & Ariene the daughter of Alyattes. 600. Darius the Mede the son or grandson of Cyaxeres is born. 599. Cyrus is born of Mandane the sister of Cyaxeres, & daughter of Astyages. 598. The Messenians being conquered fly into Sicily & build Messana. 596. Susiana & Elam Conquered by Nebuchadnezzar. Caranus and Perdiccas fly from Phidon, & found the kingdom of Macedon. Phidon introduces weights & measures & the coyning of silver money. 588 The temple of Solomon is burnt by Nebuchadnezzar. 584 Phidon presides in the 49th Olympiad. 580 Draco is Archon of the Athenians & makes laws for them. Phidon is overthrown. Two men chosen by lot out of the city Elis to preside in the Olympic games. 575 The Amphictyons make war upon the Cyrrhenians by the advice of Solon, & take Cyrrha. Clysthenes, Alcmæon & Eurolycus commanded the forces of the Amphictyons, & were contemporary to Phidon. For Leocides the son of Phidon, & Megacles the son of Alcmæon, at one and the same time courted Agarista the daughter of Clysthenes. 569 Nebuchadnezzar invades Egypt. Darius the Mede reigns. 563 Solon being Archon of the Athenians makes laws for them. 557. Periander dies & Corinth becomes free from tyrants. 555 Nabonnidus reigns at Babylon. His mother Nitocris adorns & fortifies that city. 553 The conference between Crœsus & Solon. 550 Pisistratus becomes tyrant at Athens. 547. Sardes589 42 547. Sardes is taken by Cyrus. Darius the Mede recoins the Lydian money into Darics. Solon dyes, Hegistratus being Archon of Athens. 538 Babylon is taken by Cyrus. 536 Cyrus overcomes Darius the Mede & translates the empire to the Persians. The Iews return from captivity. 529. Darius dyes. Cambyses reigns. 521 Darius the son of Hystaspes reigns. The Magi are slain. The various religions of the several nations of Persia, wchwhich consisted in the worship of their ancient kings, are abolished; & by the influence of Hystaspes & Zoroaster the worship of the supreme God at altars without temples is set up in all Persia. 520 The second Temple is built at Ierusalem by the command of Darius. 515. The second Temple is dedicated finished & dedicated. 513 Harmodius & Aristogiton slay Hypparchus the son of Pisistratus, tyrant of the Athenians. 508 The kings of the Romans expelled & Consuls erected. 491 The battel of Marathon 485 Xerxes reigns 480 The passage of Xerxes over the Hellespont & battels into Greece & battels of Thermopylæ & Salamis. 464 Artaxerxes Longimanus reigns. 457 Ezra returns into Iudæa. Iohannan the father of Iadua was now grown up, having a chamber in the Temple. 444 Nehemiah returns into Iudea. Herodotus writes. 431 The Peloponesian war begins. 438 Nehemiah drives away Eliezar the brother of Iadua because he had married Nicaso the daughter of Sanballat. 424 Darius Nothus reigns. 422. Sanballat builds a Temple in mount Gerazim & makes his son in law Eleazar the first High Priest thereof. 412. Hitherto the Priests & Levites were written numbered & written in the Chronicles of the Iews before the death of Nehemiah: at which time either Iohanan or Iadua was High Priest. And here ends the sacred history of the Iews. 405 Artaxerxes Mnemon reigns. The end of the Peloponesian war. 332 The Persian empire conquered by Alexander the great. 331. Darius Codomannus the last king of Persia slain. Folio 43 is blank apart from a cataloguer's note. 170 44 Copy of an Abstract of Chronology By SrSir Isaac Newton, Corrected by himself. 172 45 Introduction. The Greek Antiquitys are full of Poetical fictions, because the Greeks wrote nothing in Prose before the Conquest of Asia by Cyrus the Persian. Then Pherecydes Sirius and Cadmus Milesius introduc'd the writing in Prose. Pherecydes Atheniensis, about the end of the Reign of Darius, wrote of Antiquities, and digested his work by Geneaologies, and was reckoned one of the best Genealogers. Epimenides the Historian proceeded also by Genaologys, and Hellanicus who was twelve Years older than Herodotus, digested his History by the Ages or Successions of the Priestesses of Iuno Argiva. Others digested theirs by the Archons of Athens or Kings of the Lacedemonians. Hippias the Elean, about 30 Years before the fall of the Persian Empire, publish'd a Breviary or list of the Olympick Victors, and about ten years before the fall thereof, Ephorus the disciple of Isocrates form'd a Chronological History of Greece beginning with the return of the Heraclides into Peloponnesus, and ending with the Siege of Perinthus in the 20th: Year of Philip the father of Alexander the great. But he digested things by Generations, and the reckoning by Olympiads was not yet in use, nor doth it appear that the Reigns of Kings were yet set down by numbers of Years. The Arundelian Marbles were compos'd, Sixty Years after the death of Alexander the great (An. 4. Olymp. 120.) and yet mention not the Olympiads. But in the next Olympiad Timæus Siculus publish'd an History2 History in several Books down to his own times, according to the Olympiads, comparing the Ephori, the Kings of Sparta, the Archons of Athens and the Priestesses of Argos with the Olympic Victors; So as to make the Olympiads and the Genealogies, and Successions of Kings, Archons and Priestesses, and Poetical Historys suit with each other, according to the best of his judgement. And where he left off, Polybius began, and carried on the History. So then a little after the death of Alexander the great, they began to set down the Generations, Reigns, and Successions, in numbers of Years, and by putting Reigns and Successions equipollent to Generations, and three Generations to an hundred or an hundred and twenty Years (as appears by their Chronology) They have made the Antiquities of Greece, three or four Hundred Years older than the truth, and this was the Original of the tecknical Chronology of the Greeks. Eratosthenes wrote about an hundred Years after the death of Alexander the Great, He was followed by Apollodorus and these two have been followed ever since by Chronologers. But how uncertain their Chronology is, and how doubtfull it was reputed by the Greeks of those times, may be understood by these passages of Plutarch. Some reckon Saith He, (a)(a) Life of Lycurgus. Lycurgus contemporary to Iphitus, and to have been his Companion in ordering the Olympic Festivals: among whom was Aristotle the Philosopher, arguing from the Olympic Disc which had the name of Lycurgus upon it. Others supputing the times by173 3 46 by the Succession of Kings of the Lacedemonians, as Eratosthenes and Apollodorus affirm that he was not a few Years older than the first Olympiad. First Aristotle and some others made him as old as the first Olympiad, then Eratosthenes, Apollodorus and some others made him above an hundred Years older. And in another place Plutarch tells us, (b)b. In the Life of Solon. "The congress of Solon with Crœsus some think they can confute by Chronology. But an History so illustrious and verify'd by so many Witnesses, and (which is more) so agreeable to the manners of Solon, and so worthy of the greatness of his mind and of his wisdom, I cannot perswade my Self to reject, because of some Chronical Canons, as they call 'em, which Hundreds of Authors correcting have not been able as yet to constitute any certainty among themselves about Repugnancys." It seems the Chronologers had made the Legislature of Solon too ancient to consist with that Congress. For reconcileing such repugnancies, Chronologers have sometimes doubled the persons of men. So when the the Poets had chang'd Io the Daughter of Inachus into the Egyptian Isis, Chronologers made her husband Osiris, or Bacchus, and his Mistress Ariadne as old as Io and so feign'd that there were two Ariadnes, one the Mistress of Bacchus the other the Mistress of Theseus and two Minoses their Fathers, and a younger Io the Daughter of Iasus (writing Iasus corruptly for Inachus.) and And so they have made two Pandions & two Erechtheuses giving the name of Erechthonius to the first. Homer calls him Erechtheus. And by such Corrouptions they exceedingly perplex'd ancient History. And And as for the Chronology of the Latins, that is still more uncertain. Plutarch represents great uncetaintys in the Originals of Rome, and so doth Servius. The old Records of the Latins were burnt by the Gauls, Sixty four Years before the death of Alexander the Great, and Quintus Fabius Pictor, the oldest Historian of the Latins, lived an Hundred Years later than that King. In Sacred History the Assyrian Empire began with Pul and Tiglath-Pileser and lasted about 170 Years. And accordingly Herodotus has made Semiramis only five Generations (or about 166 Years) older than Nitocris the mother of the last King of Babilon. But Ctesias has made Semiramis 1500 Years older than Nitocris, and feign'd a long Series of Kings of Assyria, whose Names are not Assyrian, nor have any affinity with the Assyrian names in Scripture. The Priests of Egypt told Herodotus, that Menes built Memphis, and the sumptuous Temple of Vulcan in that city; and that Rhampsitingnitus Mœris, Mychis, Psammitichus added magnificent Portico's to that Temple. And it is not likely that Memphis could be famous before Homer's days who doth not mention it, or that a Temple could be aboutve Two or Three Hundred Years in building. And yet the Priests of Egypt had so magnified their Antiquities before the days of Herodotus, as to tell him, that from Menes to Mœris there were 330 Kings whose Reigns took up as many Ages, that is 11000 Years, and had filled up the intervals with feigned Kings who did nothing. And before the days of Diodorus Siculus, they had raised their Antiquities174 5 47 Antiquities so much higher as to place Six, eight, or ten new Reigns of Kings between those Kings, whom they represented to Herodotus to Succeed one another immediately. In the Kingdom of Sicyon, Chronologers have split Apis, Epaphus or Epopeus into two Kings whom they call Apis and Epopeus and between them have inserted Eleven or Twelve feigned feigned names of Kings who did nothing, and thereby they have made Ægialeus 300 years older than his Brother PhoroncusPhoroneus. And some have made the Kings of Germany as old as the Flood. And yet before the use of Letters the names and actions of Men could Scarce be remembered above Eighty or an Hundred Years after their Deaths. And therefore I admit of no Chronologies of things done in Europe above 80 Years before Cadmus brought Letters into Greece; nor of things done in Germany before the rise of the Roman Empire. Now since Eratosthenes and Apollodorus computed the times by the Reigns of the Kings of Sparta and (as appears by their Chronology still followed) have made the Seventeen Reigns between the return of the Heraclides into Peloponnesus and the Battle of Thermopylæ take up 622 Years, which is after the rato of 3612 Years to a Reign; and yet a Race of Seventeen Kings of that length is no where to be met with in all true History, and Kings at a moderate reckoning Reign, but Eighteen or Twenty Years a piece one with another: I have Stated the time of the return of the Heraclides by this last reckoning. And making the Trojan Warr 80 Years older according to Thucydides, and the Argonautic6 Argonautic Expedition a generation older, & the wars of Sesotris in Thrace & death of Ino the daughter of Cadmus a generation older I have drawn up the following Chronological Table, so as to make Chronology suit with the course of Nature, with Astronomy, with Sacred History, and with its Self, without the many repugnancys complain'd of by Plutarch. I do not pretend to be exact to a Year, there may be Errors of Five or Ten Years and sometimes Twenty, and not much above. 175 7 48 A Short Chronicle from the first memory of things in Europe to the Conquest of Persia by Alexander the great. The times are set down in Years before Christ. The Canaanites that fled from Ioshua retired in great numbers into Egypt, and there conquered Timaus, Thammus, or Thammuz King of the lower Egypt and there reign'd under their Kings Salatis, Beon, Apachnas, Apophis, Tanais, Assis &c. until the days of Eli and Samuel. They fed on flesh & sacrificed men flesh after the manner of the Phenicians and were called Shepherds by the Egyptians, who lived only on the fruits of the Earth, and abominated flesh eaters. The upper parts of Egypt were in those days under many Kings reigning at Coptos, Thebes, Elephantis, and other places wchwhich by Conquering one another grew by degrees into one Kingdom, over which Misphramuthosis reigned in the days of Eli. An. Ante Christ. 1120. About this time Misphramuthosis made a lasting war upon the Shepherds, and caused many of them to fly into Palestine, Idumæa, Syria and Libya under Lelex, Æzeus, Inachus, Pelasgus, Æolus the first, Cecrops, and other Captains into Greece. Before those days all Europe was peopled by wandering Cymmerians and Scythians from the backside of the Euxine Sea, who lived a wandring rambling sort of life like the Tartars in the Northern parts of Asia6 Asia. Of their race was Ogyges, in whose days these Egyptian Strangers came into Europe. The rest of the Shepherds were Shut up by Misphramuthosis in a part of the lower Egypt called Abaris. 1100. The Philistins (strengthened by the access of the Shepherds) conquer Israel and take the Ark. Samuel judges Israel. 1085. Hammon the Son of Pelasgus reigns in Thessaly. 1080. Lycaon the Son of Pelasgus builds Lycosura; Phoroneus the Son of Inachus Phoronium, afterwards called Argos; and Ægialeus the Brother of Phoroneus and Son of Inachus, Ægialeum, afterwards called Sycion the oldest Townes in Peloponnesus. Till then they built only Scattered single Houses, Scattered up and down in the fields. About the same time Cecrops built Cecropia in Attica, afterwards called Athens; and Eleusin the Son of Ogyges built Eleusina. And these Towns gave a beginning to the Kingdoms of the Arcadians, Argives, Sicyons, Athenians, Eleusinians &c. 1070. Amosis or Tethmosis the Successor of Misphramuthosis, drives the Shepherds out of Abaris. (a)(a) Lib. 1 Reg. Cap. 13. Commate 5. By their access, the Philistines 176 9 49 Philistines become so numerous as to bring into the field against Saul 30,000. Chariots, 6000 Horsemen, and People as the Sand of the Sea shore for multitude. 1069. Saul is made King of Israel and by the hand of Ionathan gets a great victory over the Philistines. Eurotas the son of Lelex, and Lacedæmon who married his daughter Sparta, reign in Laconia, and build Sparta. Deucalion flourishes. 1060. Samuel dies. 1059. David made King. 1048. The Edomites are conquered by David, Their Mariners fly from the red-Sea to the Mediterranean, and take Sidon; and the Sidonians, who fled from them build Tyre, and make Abibalus their first King. 1047. Acrisius marries Eurydice the daughter of Lacedæmon and Sparta. 1045. The Phœnician Mariners who fled from the Red-Sea, being used there to long Voyages for the Sake of Trafick, begin the like Voyages on the Mediterranean and Sailing as far as Greece carry away Io the daughter of Inachus, who with other Grecian Woman came to their ships to10 to buy Merchandize. The Greek Seas begin to be infected with Pirates. Endymion builds Elis. 1043. The Syrians of Zobah and Damascus are conquered by David. 1042. Nictimus the son of Lycaon reigns. 1041. Many of the Phœnicians and Syrians that fled from David, come under the conduct of Cadmus, Cilix, Phœnix, Membriarius, Thasus, AlymnusAtymnus and other Captains into Asia minor, Crete, Greece, and Lybia; and introduce Letters, Musick, Poetry, the the Octaeteris, Metals and their fabrication, and other Arts, Sciences & Customes of the Phœnicians. Polydorus a Youth the Son of Cadmus came with his Father. At this time Cranaus the Successor of Cecrops rign'dreign'd in Attica, and in his reign and the beginning of the reign of Nictimus, the Greeks place the flood of Deucalion. This flood was Succeeded by four ages or generations of the Phœnicians, in the first of which Chiron the Son of Saturn and Philyra was born, and the last of which according to Hesiod, ended with the Trojan Warr; and so places the destruction of Troy four generations or about 133 Years later than the coming of Cadmus, reckoning with the Ancients three generations to an Hundred Years. With these Phenicians came a Sort of Men Skilled in the Religions, Misteries, Arts & Sciences of Phenicia, and settled in several Places under the names of Curetes, Idæi, Dactyli, Corybantes & Telchines. 11 53. 1039. Hellen the Son of Deucalion and father of Æolus, Xuthus, and Dorus flourishes. 1037. Erectheus reigns in Attica. 1036. Ceres a Woman of Sicily in Seeking her Daughter who was stollen comes into Attica, and there Teaches the Greeks to sow Corn. For which Benefaction she was deify'd after death. She first taught the Art to Triptolemus the young Son of Celeus King of Eleusis. 1035. The Idæi Dactyli find out Iron in Mount Ida in Crete and work it into Armour, and thereby give a beginning to the trade of Smiths in Europe. And by Singing & dancing in their Armour, and keeping time by Strikeing upon one anothers Armour with their Swords they bring in Musick and Poetry. And at the same time they nurse up the Cretan Iupiter in a Cave of the same mountain, dancing about him in their Armour. 1034. Ammon reigns in Egypt. He conquered Libya and reduc'd that People from a wandring Savage life to a civil one, and taught 'em to lay up the fruits of the Earth; and from him Libya and the desart about it were anciently called Ammonia, He was the first12 first that built long and tall Ships with Sails, and he had a Fleet of such Ships on the Red-Sea, and another on the Mediterranean, at Irasa in Libya. Till then they used small and round Vessells of burthen invented on the red-Sea, & kept within Sight of the Shore. For enabling them to cross the Seas without Seeing the Shore, the Egyptians began in his days to observe the Stars. And from this beginning Astronomy and Sailing had their rise. Hitherto the Luni-solar Year had been in use: but this Year being of an uncertain length and so unfit for Astronomy, in his days and in the days of his Sons and Grandsons, by observing the Heliacal risings and settings of the Stars, they found the length of the Solar Year, and made it to consist of five days more than the twelve Calendar Months of the old Luni-Solar Year. 1028. Ænotrus the youngest son of Lycaon (the Ianus of the Latines) led the first Colony of the Greeks into Italy and there taught them to build Houses. Perseus born. Some tell us that Ianus was the Son of Creusa the daughter of Erechtheus. 1025. Arcas the Son of Calysto & the Grandson of Lycaon, and Eumelus the first King of Achaia receives bread Corn from Triptolemus. 1020. Apis, Epaphus or Epopeus, the Son of Phoroneus, and Nicteus King of Bœtia Slain. Lycus.17950 13 Lycus inherits the Kingdom of his Brother Nicteus. Ætolus the Son of Endymion flies into the Countrey of the Curetes in Achaia, and calls it Ætolia; and of Pronoë the daughter of Phorbus, begets Pleuron and Calydon, who build Cities in Ætolia called by their own names. Antiopa the daughter of Nicteus is Sent home to Lycus by Laomedon the the Successor of Apis, & in the way brings forth Amphion and Zethus. 1019. Solomon reigns and marries the Daughter of Ammon, and by means of this affinity is Supplied with Horses from Egypt. And his Merchants from thence also bring Horses for all the Kings of the Hittites and Syrians. For Horses came originally from Libya, now Subject to Egypt. And hence Neptune was called Equestris. Tantalus King of Phrygia steals Ganymede the Son of Tros king of Troas. 1017. Solomon by the assistance of the Tyrians who had Mariners amongst them acquainted with the red-Sea Sets out a Fleet upon that Sea. Creusa the daughter of Erechtheus marries Zuthus the Son of Hellen. Erechtheus having first celebrated the Panathenæa joins Horses to a Chariot: Ægina the daughter of Asopus and mother of Æacus born. 1015. The Temple of Solomon is founded. Minos reigns in Crete, expelling his father who fled into Italy and becomes the Saturn of the Latins. Ammon takes Gezer from the Cannanite, and gives it to his daughter Solomon's Wife. 14 1014. Ammon places Cepheus at Ioppa. Ceres being dead Eumolpus institutes her Mysteries in Eleusine. The Mysteries of Rhea are instituted in Phrygia in the City of Cybele. About this time Temples begin to be built in Greece. Hyagnes the Phrygian invents the Pipe. After the example of the Common Council of the five Lords of the Philistines, the Greeks erected the Amphictionic Council first at Thermopylæ, by the influence of Amphiction, and then at Delphi, by the influence of Acrisius. Among the Cities whose Deputies met at Thermopylæ, I do not find Athens, and therefore doubt whether Amphiction was King of that City. If he was the Son of Deucalion and Brother of Hellen, He and Cranaus might reign together in Several parts of Attica. But I met with a later Amphiction, who entertain'd the great Bacchus. This Council worshipped Ceres and therefore was instituted after her death. 1012. Cecrops II reigns in Attica. Caucon teaches the Mysteries of Ceres in Messene. Sesac in the reign of his father Ammon invades Arabia Fælix. 1011. Pandion the Brother of Cecrops II reigns in Attica. Pelops the Son of Tantalus comes to Peloponnesus and by his riches soon grows potent. 1010. Car the Son of Phroneus builds a Temple to Ceres. Hellen the Son of Deucalion reigns in Pthiotis. 15 52 1008. Sesac in the reign of his Father Ammon invades Afric and Spain, and sets up pillars at the Streights Mouth, and in all his Conquests, and returns by the Coasts of Gaul & Italy. 1006. Minos prepars a Fleet, clears the Greek Seas of Pirates, and sends colonies to the Islands of the Greeks; some of which were not inhabited before. Warr between Pandion and Labdacus the Son grandson of Cadmus. 1005. Andromeda carried away from Ioppa by Perseus. 1002. Sesac reigns in Egypt, and adorns Thebes dedicating it to his father Ammon by the name of No-Ammon or Ammon-No, that is the People of Ammon. Whence the Greeks call'd it Diospolis, the city of Iupiter. Sesac also erected Temples and Oracles to his Father in Thebes, Ammonia, and Ethiopia, and thereby caused his Father to be worshipped as a God in those Countries, and I think also in Arabia fælix. And this was the Original of the worship of Iupiter Ammon, and the first mention of Oracles that I met with in profane History. 1000. Amphion and Zethus slay Lycus, put Lagus the son of Cadmus to flight, and reign in Thebes, and wall the City about. 994. Ægeus reigns in Attica. 16 993. Sisyphus the Son of Æolus and Grandson of Hellen reigns in Corinth, and some say that he built that City. 990. Dædalus and his Nephew Talus invent the Saw, the turning Lath, the Wimble, the Chip-Ax, and other instruments of Carpenters and Ioyners; and thereby give a beginning to these Arts in Europe. Dædalus also invented the making of Statues with their feet as underasunder, as if they walked. 988. Minos makes Warr upon the Athenians for killing his son Androgeus. Æacus flourishes. 987. Dædalus kills Talus and flies to Minos. A Priestess of Iupiter Ammon being brought by Phœnician Merchants into Greece, sets up the Oracle of Iupiter at Dodona. And this gave beginning to Oracles in Greece. And by their Dictates the worship of the dead is every where introduced. 981. Alcmena born of Electrio, the Son of Perseus and Andromeda, and of Eurydice the daughter of Pelops. 980. Lagus recovers the Kingdom of Thebes. Athamas the father of Phrixus and Helle, and Brother of Sisyphus, marries Ino the daughter of Cadmus. 17 55. 979. Rehoboam reigns. Thoas is Sent from Crete to Lemnos and reigns there in the City Ephestia, where he works in Copper and Iron. 974. Sesac spoils the Temple, and invades Syria, Persia, and India, Setting up Pillars in all his Conquests. Iereboam being now Subject to Sesac sets up the worship of the Egyptian Gods in IsaraelIsrael. 971. Sesac invades India, and returns in Triumph the next Year but one, Whence Tristerica Bacchi. 968. Theseus reigns having overcome the Minotaur, and soon after unites the twelve Citys of Attica under one Government. Sesac having carried on his Victories to Mount Caucasus, leaves his Nephew Prometheus there and Æetes at Colchos. 967. Sesac passing over the Hellespont conquers Thrace, kills Lycurgus King thereof, and gives his Kingdom and one of his own Singing Women to Ocagrus the father of Orpheus. Sesac had in his Army Ethiopians Commanded by Pan, and Libyan Women Commanded by Merina or Minerva. It was the Custome of the Ethiopians to dance when they were entring into a Battle and from their Skipping, they were painted with Goats feet in the form of Satyrs. 10. 966. Thoas being made King of Cyprus by Sesac goes thither with his wife Callicopis, and leaves his daughter Hipsipyle in Lemnos. 965. Sesac baffled by the Greeks and Scythians loses many of his Women, with their Queen Minerva, Composes the Warr, is received by Amphiction at a feast, buries Ariadne, goes back thrô AssiaAsia and Syria into Egypt, with innumerable Captives; among whom was Tithonus Son of Laomedon, and Brother of Priam King of Troy; and leaves his Libyan Amazons under Marthesia and Lampeto (the Successors of Minerva) at the River Thermodon. He left also in Cholcos Geographical Tables of all his Conquests, and hence Geography had its rise. His Singing Women were celebrated in Thrace by the names of the Muses. And the Daughters of Pierus a Thracian imitating them, were celebrated by the same name. 964. Minos making War upon Cocalus King of ScicilySicily is Slain by him. He was eminent for his Dominion, his Laws, and his Iustice. Vpon his Sepulcher (visited by Pythagoras) was this inscription ΤΟΥ ΔΙΟΣ, the Sepulcher of Iupiter. Danaus with his Daughters, flying from the his Brother Ægyptus (that is from Sesac) comes into Greece. Sesac, useing the advice of his Secretary Thoth, distributes Egypt into 36 Nomes, and in every Nome erects a Temple, and appoints the Several Gods, Festivals, and Religions of the Several Nomes, the Temples, being the Sepulchers 19 51 Sepulchres of his great Men, where they were to be buried, and worshipped after Death, each in his own Temple, with Ceremonies and Festivals appointed by him; while He and his Queen by the names of Osiris and Isis, were to be worshipped in all Egypt. These were the Temples seen and described by Lucian eleven Hundred Years after to be of one & the same Age. And this was the Original of the Nomes of Egypt, and of the several Gods, and Several Religions, in those Nomes. Sesac divided also the Land of Egypt by measure amongst his Soldiers, and thence Geometry had its rise. Hercules and Eurystheus born. 963. Amphiction brings the twelve Gods of Egypt from Thrace into Greece, and these are the Dij magni majorum gentium, to whom Earth, and Planets, and Elements, are dedicated. 962. Phrixus and Helle fly from their Step Mother Ino daughter of Cadmus. Helle is drowned in the Hellespont, so named from her, but Phrixus arrives at Colchos. 960. The Warr between the Lapithæ and the People of Thessaly, called Centaurs. 958. Œdipus kills his father Laius. Sthenelus the son of Perseus reigns in Mycene. 20 956. Sesac is slain by his Brother Iapetus, who after death was deified in Afric by the name of Neptune, & called Typhon by the Egyptians. Orus reigns and routs the Libyans who under the Conduct of Iapetus and his Sons Antæus or Atlas invaded Egypt. Sesac from his making the River Nile usefull by cutting Channells from it to all the Citys of Egypt, was called by hits names Sihor or Siris, Nilus & Egyptus. The Greeks hearing the Egyptians lament O Siris & Bou Siris called him OSiris & Busiris. The Arabians from his great acts call'd him Bacchus, that is, the great, The Phrygians call'd him Ma-fors or Mavors the valiant, and by contraction Mars. Because he set up pillars in all his conquests, and his Army in his fathers reign fought against the Africans with Clubs, he is painted with Pillars and a Club. And this is that Hercules who according to Cicero was born upon the Nile; and according to Eudoxus was slain by Typhon, and according to Diodorus was an Egyptian and went over a great part of the world, and set up the Pillars in Afric. He seems also to be the Belus who according to Diodorus led a Colony of Egyptians to Babylon, and there instituted Priests called Chaldeans, who were free from Taxes and observed the Starrs as in Egypt. Hitherto Iudah and Israel had labour'd under great Vexations; but henceforward Asa King of Iudea had Peace Ten Years. 947. The Ethiopians invade Egypt, and drown Orus in the Nile. Thereupon Bubaste Sister of Orus21 54 Orus kills herself by falling from the top of an House, and their Mother Isis or Astrea goes mad. And thus ended the reign of the Gods in Egypt. 946. Zerah the Ethiopian is overthrown by Asa, Menes or Amenophis the young Son of Zerah and Cessia Reigns. The People of the lower Egypt make Osarsiphus King, and call the two Hundred Thousand Iews and Phœnicians agst.against the Ethiopians. 944. The Ethiopians under Amenophis retire from the lower Egypt, and fortify Memphis agst.against Osarsiphus. And by these Warrs and the Argonautic Expedition, the great Empire of Egypt breaks in pieces. Eurystheus the Son of Sthenelus reigns in Mycene. 943. Evander and his Mother Carmenta carry Letters into Italy. 942. Orpheus deifies the Son of Semele by the name of Bacchus, and appoints his Ceremonies. 940. The Amphictionic Council hearing of the Civil Warrs and distraction of Egypt, resolve to Send an Embassy to the Nations upon the Euxine and Mediterranean Seas, subject to that Empire, and for that end order the building the Ship Argo. 22 939. The Ship Argo is built after the pattern of the long Ship, in which Danaus came into Greece. And this was the first long Ship built by the Greeks. Chiron who was born in the golden Age forms the constellations for the use of the Argonauts, and places the Sostitial and Equinoctial points in the fifteenth degrees or middles of the Constellations of Cancer, Chelæ Capricorn and Aries. Meton in the Year of Nabonassar 316 observed the Summer Solstice had then gone back in the eighth degree of Cancer & therefore the solstice had then gone back seven degrees. It goes back one degree in about 72 Years, and Seven degrees in about 504 Years. Count those Years back from the Year of Nabonassar 316. and they will place the Argonautic Expedition about 936 Years before Christ. Gingris the son of Thoas Slain and deified by the name of Adonis. 938. Theseus being 50 Years old steals Helena, then Seven Years old. Pirithous the Son of Ixion endeavouring to Steal Persephone the daughter of Orcus the King of the Molossians, is Slain by the Dog of Orcus, and his Companion Theseus is taken and Imprisoned. Hellena set at Liberty by her Brothers. 937. The Argonautic Expedition. Prometheus leaves Mount CaucassusCaucasus being Sett at Liberty by Hercules. Priam Succeeds him: Talus a Brazen23 56 Brazen Man of the Brazen Age, the Son of Minos Slain by the Argonauts. Æsculapius & Hercules were Argonauts, and Hippocrates was the 18th. from Hercules by the Mothers side. And because these Generations being noted in History, were most probably by the Principal of the Family, and so for the most part by the eldest Sons, We may reckon 28. or at most 30 Years to a generation. And thus the 17 intervals by the fathers side and 18 by the Mothers, will at a middle reckoning amount unto about 507 Years, which counted backwards from the beginning of the Peloponnensian Warr (at which time Hippocrates began to flourish) will reach up to the time when we have placed the Argonautic Expedition. 936. Theseus is set at Liberty by Hercules. 934. The Hunting of the Calydonian Boar, Slain by Meleager 930. Amenophis with an Army out of Ethiopia and Thebais, invades the lower Egypt, conquers Osarsiphus, and drives out the Iews. And this is reckoned the second expulsion of the Shepherds. Callicopis dies, and is deified by Thoas, with Temples at Paphos and Amathus in Cyprus, and at Byblus in Syria, and with Priests24. Priests and Sacred Rites, and becomes the Venus of the Antients, and the Dea Cypria, & Dea Syria. And from these and other places where Temples were erected to Her, She was also called Paphia, Amathusia, Byblia, Cytherca, Salaminea, Guidia, Erycina, Idalia, and her three waiting Women became the three Graces. 928. The War of the 7 Captains against Thebes. 927. Hercules and Esculapius are deified Eurystheus drives the Heraclides out of Peloponnesus. He is Slain by Hillus the Son of Hercules. Atreus the Son of Pelops succeeds him in the Kingdom of Mycenæ. Menestheus the great Grandson of EectheusErechtheus, reigns at Athens. 925. Theseus is slain being cast down from a Rock. 924. Hillus invading Peloponnesus is slain by Echomus. 919. Atreus dies. Agamemnon reigns. In the absence of Menelaus, who went to look after what his Father Atreus had left him, Paris steals Helena. 918. The Second Warr against Thebes. 25. 57. 912. Thoas King of Cyprus, and part of Phœnicia, dies; and for making Armour for the Kings of Egypt, is deified with a sumptuous Temple at Memphis by the name of Baal-Canaan, Vulcan. This Temple was said to be built by Menes the first King of Egypt, who reigned next after the Gods; that is by Meneph and or Amenophis, who reigned next after the death of Osiris, Isis, Orus, Bubaste & Thoth. The City Memphis was also said to be built by Menes. He began to build it when he fortified it against Osarsiphus; and from him it was called Menoph, Moph Noph &c. a and is thisto this day called Menuf by the Arabians. And therefore Menes who built the City and Temple was Meneph or Amenophis. The Priests of Egypt at length made this Temple above a Thousand Years older than Amenophis, and some of them five or ten thousand Years older. But it could not be above two or three hundred Years in building and was finished by Psammitichus, who died 616 Years before Christ. When Menoph and or Menes built the City, he built a Bridge there over the Nile; a work too great to be older than the Monarchy of Egypt. 909. Amenophis (called Memnon by the Greeks) built the Memnonia at Susa, and left Egypt under the Government of Proteus his Viceroy. 904. Troy taken. Amenophis was still at Susa, the Greeks feigning that he came from thence to the Trojan Warr. 26. 903. Demophoon the Son of Theseus by Phædra the Daughter of Minos, reigns at Athens. 901. Amenophis builds small Pyramids in Cochome. 895. Teucer builds Salamis in Cyprus. Hadad or Benhadad King of Syria dies, and is deified at Damascus with Temple and Ceremonies. 887. Amenophis dies, and is Succeeded by his Son Ramasses or Rhampsinitus; who built the western Portico of the Temple of Vulcan. The Egyptians dedicated to Osiris, Isis, Orus senior, Typhon, and Nepthe the Sister and Wife of Typhon, the five days added by the Egyptians to the five twelve Calendar Months of the old Luni-Solar Year; and said they were added, when those five Princes were born. They were added therefore in the reign of Ammon, the Father of those five Princes. But this Year was not brought into use before the Reign of Amenophis. For in his Temple or Sepulchre at Abydus, they placed a Circle of 365 Cubits in compass, cover'd with a plate of Gold, and divided into 365 equal parts, to represent all the days of the Year, every part having the day, and the riseings and Settings of the Stars on that day noted upon it. And this Circle remained there till Cambyses27. 58. Cambyses spoiled the Temples of Egypt. And from this Monument I collect that it was Amenophis who established this Year, fixing the beginning thereof to one of the Cardinal points of the Heavens. For had not the beginning thereof been now fixed, the Heliacal riseings and Settings of the Stars could not have been noted upon the days thereof. The Priests of Egypt therefore in the Reign of Amenophis continued to observe the riseings and Settings of the stars upon every day. And when by the Sun's Meridional Altitudes they had found the Solstices and Equinoxes according to the Sun's mean motion (histhis Equation being not yet known) they fixed the beginning of this Year to the Vernal Equinox, and in memory thereof erected this Monument. Now this Year being carried into Caldea, the Caldæans began their Year of Nabonasser, on the same Thoth with the Egyptians. And the Thoth of the first Year of Nabonassar, fell upon the 26th. day of February, which was 33 days and five Hours before the Vernal Equinox, according to the Sun's mean motion. And the Thoth of this Year moves backwards 33 days and five Houres in 137 Years; therefore fell upon the Vernal Equinox 137 Years before the Æra of Nabonassar began, that is 884 Years before Christ. And if it began upon the day next after the Vernal Equinox it might be three or four Years earlier. And there wee may place the death of this King. The Greeks feigned that he was the Son of Tithonus, and therefore he was born after the return of Sesac into Egypt28 Egypt with Tithonus, and other Captives; and so might be about 70. or 80. Years old at his Death. 886. Vlysses leaves Calypso in the Island Ogygia, perhaps Cadiz or Cales. She was the Daughter of Atlas according to Homer. The Antients at length feigned that this Island (which from Atlas they called Atlantis) had been as big as all Europe, Africa, and Asia, but was Sunk in the Sea. 883. Dido builds Carthage, and the Phœnicians began presently after to Sail as far as the Streights mouth, and beyond. Æneas was still alive according to Virgill. 870. Hesiod flourishes. He has told Us himself that he lived in the Age next after the Wars of Thebes and Troy; and that this Age should end when the Men having grew hoary and dropt into the Grave; and therefore it was but of an ordinary length: and Herodotus has told us that Hesiod and Homer were but about 400 years older than himself. 860. Mœris reigns in Egypt. He adorned Memphis and translated the Seat of his Empire29. 59. Empire thither from Thebes. There he built the famous Labyrinth and the Northern Portico of the Temple of Vulcan, and dug the great Lake called the Lake of Mœris, and in the middle of it built two great Pyramids of brick. And these being not mentioned by Homer or Hesiod, were unknown to them, and done after their days. He wrote also a Book of Geometry. 852. Hazael the Successor of Hadad dies, and is deified at Damascus. These Gods Hadad and Hazael together with Arathes the Wife of Hadad, were worshipped in their Sepulchres till the days of Iosephus the Iew, and the Assyrians boasted their Antiquity not knowing saith Iosephus that they were novel. 844. The Æolic migration. Bœotia formerly called Cadmeis is Seized by the Bœotians. 838. Cheops Reigns in Egypt. He built the great Pyramid for his Sepulchre, and forbad the worship of the former Kings, intending to have been worshipped himself. 825. The Heraclides after three generations, or an Hundred years reckoned from their former Expedition, return into Peloponnesus. Henceforward to the end of the first Messenian Warr, reigned Ten Kings of Sparta by one race, and nine by another, Ten of Messene, and nine of Arcadia30 Arcadia, which by reckoning according to the course of Nature about 18 or 20 Years to a Reign, one with another, will scarce take up above two Hundred Years. And the seven Reigns more in each of the two races of Spartan Kings, to the Battle of Thermopylæ, may take up 140 Years more, and so place the return of the Heraclides about 820 Years before Christ. 824. Cephren reigns in Egypt, and builds another great Pyramid. 808. Mycerine reigns there, and begins the third great Pyramid. He shuts up the dead body of his daughter in an hollow Ox, and caused her to be worshipped daily with Odours. 804. The War between the Athenians & Spartans in which Codrus King of the Athenians is Slain. 802. Nitocris the sister of Mycerine Succeeds him, and finishes the third great Pyramid. 794. The Ionic migration under the Conduct of the Sons of Codrus. 790. Pul founds the Assyrian Empire. 788. Asychis reigns at Memphis and builds the eastern Portico of the Temple of Vulcan very splendidly,31 60 splendidly, and a large Pyramid of Brick made of mud dug out of the Lake Mœris. Egypt breaks into several Kingdoms. Gnephactus & Bocchori, reign Successively in the upper Egypt; Stephonetes, Nechepsos, and Nechus at Sais: Anysis or Amosis at Amysis or Hanes; and Tacellotis at Bubaste. 776. Iphytus restores the Olympiads. And from this Æra the Olympiads are now reckoned. Gnephactus reigns at Memphis. 772. Neceptsos at and PelosirisPetosiris invent Astrology in Egypt. 762. Bocchoris reigns in Egypt. 760. Semiramis reigns at Babylon. Sanchoniatho writes. 747. The Æra or Nabonassar commences. Sabacon the Ethiopian invades Egypt divided into various Kingdoms, and burns Bocchoris, Slays Necchus, and makes Anysis fly. 740. Tiglath-Pileser King of Assyria takes Damascus, and Captivates the Syrians. 725. So, or Sua, Succeeds Sabacon in Egypt. 721. Salmanassar King of the Assyrians carries the Ten Tribes into Captivity. 32. 719. Sennacherib reigns over Assyria. 717. Tirhakah reigns in Ethiopia. 714. Sennacherib is put to flight by the Ethiopians and the Egyptians. 713. The Medes revolt from the Assyrians. Sennacherib Slain. Asserhaddon Succeeds him. This is that Asserhaddon, Pul or Sardanapalus (the son of Anacyndaraxis, or Sennacherib) who built Tarsus and Anchiale in one day. 710. Lycurgus brings the Poems of Homer out of AssiaAsia into Greece. 708. Tahakah reigns in all Egypt, and invades Spain. Lycurgus becomes Tutor to Charillus or Carilaus, the Young King of Sparta. Aristotle makes Lycurgus as old as Iphitus, because his name was upon the Disc. But the Disc was one of the five Games called the Quinquertium, and the Quinquertium was first instituted upon the 18th: Olympiad. Socrates & Thucydides made the Institutions of Lycurgus about 300 Years older than the end of the Peloponnesian Warr, that is 705 Years before Christ. 705. The Corinthians begin first of any Men to build Ships with three orders of Oars, called Triremes178 33 61 Triremes. Hitherto the Greeks had used long Vessells of 50 Oars. Manasses rignsreigns. 673. The Iews conquered by Asserhaddon; and Manasses carried Captive to Babylon. 671. Asserhaddon invades Egypt. The Governmt.Government of Egypt committed to twelve Princes. 668. The Western Nations of Syria, Phœnicia and Egypt revolt from the Assyrians. Asserhaddon dies. Manasses returns from Captivity. 658. PhraartesPhraortes reigns in Media. The Prytanes reign in Corinth expelling their Kings. 657. The Corinthians overcome the Corcyreans by Sea; and this was the oldest Sea-Fight. Archias the son of Euagetus of the Stock of Hercules, led a colony into Sicily and built Syracuse. 655. The first Messenian War begins. It lasted 20 Years, Psammitichus becomes King of all Egypt, by conquering the other eleven Kings, with whom he had already reigned fifteen Years. He reigned about 39 Years more. Henceforward the Ionians had access into Egypt; and thence came the Ionian Philosophy, Astronomy, and Geometry. 34 650. Charops the first decennial Archon of the Athenians. Some of the Athenian Archons might die before the end of 10 Years, and the remainder of the 10 Years be Supplied by a new Archon. And hence the seven decennial Archons might take up not above forty or fifty Years. 640. Iosias reigns in Iudea. 636. PhraartesPhraortes King of the Medes is slain in a War against the Assyrians. Astyages Succeeds him. 635. The Scythians invade the Medes and Assyrians. 633. Battus builds Cyrene, where TrasaIrasa the City of Anteus had stood. 624. Phalantus leads the Parthenians into Italy, and builds Tarentum. 617. The Second MessianMessenian War begins. Psammiticus dies. Necaoh reigns in Egypt. Rome is built. 611. Cyaxares reigns over the Medes. 179 35 66 610. Creon the first of the annual ArchionsArchons of the Athenians. The Princes of the Scythians Slain in a feast by Cyaxares. 609. Iosiah Slain. Cyaxares and Nebuchadnezzar besiege Nineve, and the next Year overthrow it, and by sharing the Assyrian empire grow potent. 607. Cyaxares makes the Scythians retire beyond Colchos and Iberia, and Seizes the Assyrian Provinces of Armenia, Pontus and Cappadocia. 606. Nebuchadnezzar invades Syria, and Iudea. Cyaxares makes War upon Alyattes King of Lydia. 604. Nabopalasser dies and is Succeeded by Nebuchadnezzar, who had already reigned two Years with his Father. 601. In the Sixth Year of the Lydian War, a total Eclipse of the Sun, predicted by Thales Apr 28 between 8 and 9 a Clock in the morning, puts an end to a Battle between the Medes and Lydians. They make Peace and ratify it, by a marriage between Astyages the Son of Cyaxares, and Ariene the Daughter of Alyattes. 600. Darius Medus the Son or Grandson of Cyaxares born. 36 599. Cyrus is born of Mandane the Sister of Cyaxares and Daughter of Astyages. 598. The Messenians being conquered, fly into Sicily and build Messana. 596. Susiana and Elam conquered by Nebuchadnezzar. Caranus and Perdiccas fly from Phidon, and found the Kingdom of Macedon. Phidon introduces Weights and Measures and the Coining of Silver money. 588. The Temple of Solomon is burnt by Nebuchadnezzar. 584. Phidon presides in the 49th: Olympiad. 580. Draco is Archon of the Athenians, and makes Laws for them. Phidon is overthrown. Two Men chosen by Lot out of the City Elis to preside in the Olympic Games. 575. The Amphictions make War upon the Cyrrhean Pirates by the advice of Solon, and take Cyrrha; Clisthenes, AlemæonAlcmæon and Eurolycus commanded the Forces of the Amphictions, and were contemporary to Phidon. For Leocydes the Son of Phidon, and Mogadis the Son of AlemæonAlcmæon at one and the same time courted Agarista the Daughterof Clisthenes. 180 37. 63 569. Nebuchadnezzar invades Egypt; Darius the Mede reigns. 565. Solon is Archon of the Athenians, and makes Laws for them. 557. Periander dies, and Corinth becomes free from Tyrants. 555. Nabonnedus reigns in Babylon. His Mother Nitocris adorns and fortifys the City. 554. The Conference between Solon and Crœsus. 550. Pisistratus becomes Tyrant of Athens. 547. Sardes is taken by Cyrus. Darius Medus recoins the Lydian money into Darics. Solon dies, Hegesistratus being Archon. 538. Babylon is taken by Cyrus. 536. Cyrus overcomes Darius the Mede, and translates the empire to the Persians. The Iews return from Captivity. 529. Cyrus dies. Cambyses reigns. 521. Darius the son of Hystaspes reigns. The Magi are slain. The various Religions of the38. the several Nations of Persia, which consisted in the worship of their antient Kings are abolished; and by the influence of Hystaspes and Zoroaster, the worship of the Supreme God is set up in all Persia. 520. The second Temple built at Ierusalem, by the command of Darius. 513. Harmodius and Aristogiton Slay Hipparchus. the Son of Pisistratus, Tyrant of the Athenians. 508. The Kings of the Romans expelled, and Consuls erected. 491. The Battle of Marathon. 485. Xerxes reigns. 480. The passage of Xerxes over the Hellespont into Greece, and Battles of Thermopylæ and Salamis. 464. Ataxerxes Longimanus reigns. 457. Ezra returns into Iudea. Iohannan the Father of Iadua was now grown up, having a Chamber in the Temple. 444. Nehemiah returns into Iudea. 39. 64 431. The Peloponnesian War begins. 428. Nehemiah drives away Eleazar Manasses Brother of Iadua, (b)(b) ὶαδδοῦς Ioseph. ibidem. because he had married Nicaso the Daughter of Sanballet (a)(a) Ioseph. Antiq. Lib. II. Cap. 7. 424. Darius Nothus reigns. 422. Sanballet builds a Temple in Mount Gerazim, and makes his Son in Law Eleazar Manasses the first high Priest thereof. 412. Hitherto the Priests and Levites were number'd and written in the Chronicles of the Iews before the death of Nehemiah; at which time either Iohanan or Iadua was high Priest. And here ends the Sacred History. 405. Artaxerxes Mnemon reigns. The end of the Peloponnesian War. 359. Artaxerxes Ochus reigns. 338. Arogus reigns. 336. Darius Codomannus reigns. 332. The Persian Empire conquered by Alexander the Great. Folios 65 and 66 are blank apart from a cataloguer's note on f. 66r. 147 67 A short Chronicle from the first memory of things done in Europe to the end of the History of Nehemiah. Years before Christ. 1120Hitherto the Canaanites who fled from Ioshua & conquered Tiamaus Tammauz or Thamus or Tammuz king of the lower Egypt, reigned reigned in the lower Egypt there till the days being They were by the Egyptians called Shepherds for the Egyptians lived on the fruits of the Earth & also hated those that fed on flesh. The upper parts of Egypt had been under various kings seated at Coptos, Thebes, This, Syene, Elephan & by degrees grew into one kingdom with king Misphragmuthosis, about this time made war upon the Shepherds & made many of them fly into Idumæia Palestine, Idumea Syria & Libya, & under Lelex, Æzeus, Inachus, Pelasgus, Æolus the first, Cecrops, Phorbas & other captains into Greece. And these strangers built the first houses in Greece. Before those days Greece & all Europe was peopled by Cummenians & Scythians who coming from the back side of the Euxine sea, lived a wandering & wild sort of life without houses like the Tartars in northern parts of Asia. The rest of the Shepherds were shut up by Misphragmuthosis in a part of the lower Egypt called Abaris. 1110About this time the upper Egypt being reduced into a Monarchy under 1100Philistæi (Pastoribus adjunti) Ierusalem vincunt & Aream capiunt. Samuel Iud jude 1100.The Philistims (assisted strengthened by the access of the Shepherds) put subdued Israel to f & take take the Arc. & return it without the Book of the Law. Samuel judges Israel. 1085.Hæmon the son of Pelasgus reigns in Thessaly. 1080.Lycaon builds Lycosura, Phoroneus Phoronicum, Ægialeus Ægialeum, the oldest towns in Peloponnesus. Till then they lived in single houses scattered up & down in the fields. About the same time Cecrops built Cecropia in Attica. And these towns gave a beginning to the kingdoms of the Arcadians, Argives, Sicyons, Athenians &c. 1070.Amosis or Tethmosis the successor of Misphragmuthosis drives the Shepherds out of Abaris. Eurotas the son of Lelex, & Lacedæmon who married Sparta the daughter of Eurotas, reign in Laconia, & give their names to the city build Sparta. Sau 1069Saul made king of Israel. 1060 Samuel dies. 1059David made king. Eur 1048The Edomites are conquered by David. Their mariners fly from the red sea to the Mediterranean & take Sidon, & the Sidonians who fled from them built Tyre & makde Abibalus their first king. And the Phenecian mariners who came from the red sea being used there to long voiages for the sake of Traffic, soon began the like voyages on the Mediterranean & sailing as far as Greece, carried away Io the young daughter of Inachus who came with other Grecian weomen into their ships to buy their merchandise. The Greek seas begin to be infected with pirates. 1045 1043.The Syrians of Zobah & Damascus are conquered by David. 1041The Phenecians Many of the Phœnicians & Syrians who fled from David came under the Conduct of Cadmus, Cilix, Phœnix, Membliarius, Nicteus, Thasus, Atymnus, & other captains into Asia minor, Crete, Greece, & Libya, & introduced Letters, Music, the Octaetetris, Metalls & their fabrication, & other arts & sciences of the Phœnicians. At this time Cranaus the successor of Cecrops reigned in Attica; & in his days the Greeks placed the flood of Deucalion. And this flood was succeeded by four ages or generations which according to Hesiod ended with the Trojan Warr. And recconing with the ancients three generations to an hundred years they amount unto about 134 years. With these Phœnicians came a sort of man skilled in the religions & in the arts & sciences of Phœnicia & settled in several places under the names of Curetes, Corybantes, Telchines, & Idæi Dactyli. 1040Erectheus reigned in Attica 1045Acrisius marries Eurydice the daughter of Lacedemon & Sparta. 948Perieres (the great grandson of Lacedemon & Sparta) marries Gorgophone the great grand daughter of Perseus. 1008Sesac in the reign of his father Ammon invades invades Afric & Spain sets up the Pillars at the straits mouth, & returns by the coasts of Gallia and attempts Greece in . Acrisius sets up the Amphictyonic Council. 1039Amphictyon or rather Erechtheus reigns in Attica. 1038Orcus king of the Molossians steals the daughter of Ceres a woman of Sicily & she Ceres in seeking her daughter comes into Greece Attica & there teaches the Greeks to sow corn, for which benefaction she was deified after death. She first taught the art to Triptolemus the young son of Celeus king of Eleusine. 1036. Iron is found in Crete by the Idæi Dactyli who work it into armour. 1034. Ammon reigns in Ægypt. He conquered Libya & reduced that people from a wandering, rustic salvage life to a civil one, & taught them to lay up the fruits of the earth & from him the Libya & the deserts above it were anciently called Ammonia. He was the first who built the long & tall ships with sails & had a fleet of such ships on yethe red sea & another on the Mediterranean. Till then they used round vessels of burden invented in the red sea which were without sails & & kept within sight of the shore. In his days the Egyptians began to observe the stars for directing the course of their ships through the middle of the Mediterranean Seas without seeing the shore: & from this beginning Astronomy & Navigation had their rise. About this time his Son Sesac was born called by the Greeks Sesonchis Sesochris & Sesostris, & deified for his great actions deified in several nations by the several names of Sirus, Osiris, Bacchus, Hercules Mars, Belus, Melecartus, Hercules. 1028. Arcas the son of Callisto & grandson of Lycaon Œnarus the youngest son of Lycaon (the Ianus of the Latines) led the first colony of the Greeks into Italy & there taught them to build houses. 1025. Arcas the son of Callisto & grandson of Lycaon, & Eumelus the first king of Achaia received bread corn from Triptolemus. 1020. Apis or Epaphus or Epopeus the son of Phoroneus & Nicteus the Guardian of Po King of Bœtia slain. Lycus inherits the kingdom of his brothers kingdom Nicteus. Antiope the daughter of Nicteus is sen being sent home to Lycus by Lamedon the successor of Apis bears Amphion & Zethus. Tantalus king of Phrygia (or as others say Minos) steales Ganimede the son of Tros. 1019. Solomon reigns & marries the daughter of Ammon & by means of this affinity is supplied with Libyan horses from Egypt & his merchants bring horses from thence also for all the kings of the Hittites & Syrians for horses came originally from Syria. Tantalus king of Phrygia (or as others say Minos) steales Ganimede the son of Tros. 1018 1016. Minos reigns in Crete expels his father who flys into Italy & becomes the Saturn of the Latines. 1015. The Temple of Solomon is founded. Minos reigns in Crete expelling his father who flys into Italy & becomes the Saturn of the Latines. Tantalus king of Phrygia (or, as others say, Minos) stealesteales Ganimede. 1014. Eumolpus after the death of Ceres sets on foot institutes her mysteries in Eleusine. The mysteries of Rhea are set on instituted in Phrygia in the city of Cybele. About this time Temples began to be built in Greece Sesac in the reign of his father Ammon invades Arabia fælix 1012 Cecrops II reigns in Attica. Caucon teaches the mysteries of Ceres in Messene. Sesac in the reign of his father invades Arabia fælix. 1011 Pandion the brother of Cecrops II reigns in Attica. Pelops the son of Tantalus comes into Peloponnesus & by his riches soon grows potent. 1010 Car the son of Phoroneus builds a Temple to Ceres. Hellen the son of Deucalion reigns in Phthiotis. 1008 Sesac in the reign of his father Ammon invades Afric & Spain & sets up pillars at the straits mouth & returns by the coast of Gaule. [Acrisius sets up the Amphictyonic Council.] 1006 Minos prepars a fleet & sends colonies to the lesser islands of the Greeks. Thoas is sent to Lemnos & there applies himself to yethe manufacturing copper & iron. He invents the Anvil & t & tongues. War between Pandion & Labdacus,the grandson of Cadmus. 1002 Sesac reigns in Egypt & erects adorns Thebes dedicating it to his father Ammon by the name of No-Ammon or Ammon-No, that is, the people or city of Ammon: whence the Greeks called it Diospolis the city of Iupiter. Sesac also erected Temples & Oracles to his father in Thebes Ammonia & Æthiopia, & thereby caused his father to be worshipped as a God in all his conque kingdom those countries. And this was the original of Oracles, & of the worship of Iupiter Ammon. 1000 Amphion & Zethus slay Lycus, put Laius the great gran son of Labdacus to flight & reign in Thebes. 998 Cepheus reigns at Ioppa & Perseus carries away his daughter Andromeda. 994 Ægeus reigns in Attica. 990 Dædalus & his nephew Talus invent the Saw, the Turning Lath, the Wimble, the chip ax & other instruments of the Carpenters & Ioyners & thereby give a beginning to those arts in Europe. Dædalus also began to make statues with their feet assunder for as if they walked. 988 Minos makes war upon the Athenians for killing his son Angrogeus. 987 Dædalus kills Talus & flies to Minos. 68 970 Thoas marries Callicopis the mother of Æneas & daughter of Otrius king of Phrygia. 966 Thoas being made king of Crete & Byblo by Sesostris goes thither with his wife Callicopis & leaves his daughter Hypsipyle in Crete. 938 Gingris the son of Thoas & slain & deified with a Temple & sacred mysteries by the name of Adonis. 930 Callicopis dies & is deified by Thoas with a Temple & sacred rites & becomes the Venus & Dea Syria of the ancients. 912 Thoas dies & for his service to Sesostris Sesostris & Memnon the kings of Egypt for making armour for the kings of Egypt is deified in Egypt with a sumptuous Temple at Memphis with the name of Baal Canaan, Vulcan. This Temple was said to be built by Menes the first king of Egypt who reigned after the Gods that is by Menoph or Amenophis who reigned next after Orus Osiris Isis Thous & Orus & Bubaste. After The Egyptians make The Priests of Egypt made it a thousand years older but it could not be above two or three hundred years older then the reign of Psammiticus who finished it. 886 884 The Thoth of the new Egyptian year placed upon the vernal Equinox according to the Lunar mean motion. And in memory of these things there was placed in the Temple Sepulchre of Memnon a circle 360 cubits in compas covered with a plate of gold & divided into 360 parts to represent the days of the year with the heliacal risings & settings of the stars on every day. And this monument remained till Cambyses defaced it & carried away the gold. 938 Chiron sæculo aureo natus effor 940 Concilium Aphictyonicum auditis Ægyptiorum bellis civilibus legationem ad gentes maribus Euxino et Mediterraneo finitimas mitendam statuit. 939 Chiron Io hanc expeditionem Navis Argo ad exemplar navis in qua Danaus in Græciam venerat, constritur. Hæc fuit prima longa navis a Græcis cum vetus a constructa. Chiron Centaurus sæculo aureo natus in usum Argonautarum efformat Constellationes & signa cœlestia in usum Argonautarum & puncta æquonoctiorum & solstitiorum in medijs signorum Arietis Cancri Chelarum, & Capricorni collocat. Pirithous – – – 938 Expeditio Argonautica 618 Pherecides & Thales puncta æquonoctialia ad in gradibus duodecimis signorum collocant. 432 Meton collocat puncta solstitia in octavis signorum. 151 Hypparchus collocat solstitia in quartis signorum & motum eorum in antecedentia primus delegit, statuitqꝫque hunc motum esse gradus unius in annis centum. Nam Chronologi ab Expeditione eo tempore ad expeditionem Argonauticam ad ætatem Hipparchi annos 1100 circiter numerabant. Sed a Sed Argo Solstitia conficiunt gradum unum in annis 72 et propterea gradus undecim in annis 792, & ideoqꝫque ab expeditione Argonautica ad tempus observationum Hipparchi anni erant tantum 799 circiter aut non multo plures. 966 Two A Priestesse of Iupiter Ammon comesing from Egypt & Thebes into Egypt Greece set up the Oracle oracle of Iupiter at Dodona. And this gave a beginning to Oracles in Greece. 964 Phemonoe the wife of Icarius the first Priestess of Iuno Argiva, gives oracles in hexameter verses. 956 Sesac is slain by his brother Iapetus or Antæus who after death was deified in Afric by the name of Neptune, & called Typhon by the Egyptians. Orus reigns & routs the Libyans who under the conduct of Iapetus & his sons Antæus & Atlas invaded Ægypt. Sesac had cut channels from the Nile to all the cities of Egypt & from his making the river useful was called by its names, Sihor or Siris, Nilus & Ægyptus. Meton in the year of Nabonassar 316 observed the summer solstice in yethe eighth degree of Cancer & therefore the solstice had then gone back one seven degrees. It goes back a degree in 72 or 78 years & seven degrees in 504 about 508 years. Count those years back from the year of Nabonasser 316 & they will place the Argonautic expedition about 940 years before Christ. Æsculapius & Hercules were Argonauts & Hippocrates was the 18th from Hercules Æsculapius by the fathers side & the 19th from Hercules by the mothers. And these generations being noted in history were & so being most probably by the chief of the family & by consequence for the most part by the eldest sons, & so the – – flourish will reach up to the time where we have placed the Argonautic expedition. this Temple above a 1000 years older. But it could not be above two or three hundred years older then the reign of Psammiticus who finished it & died 614 years before Christ. When Menoph or Menes built the city he made built a bridge over the Nile, a work too great to be older then the death of Noah. Thucydides & Socrates made the Institutions of Lycurgus about 300 years older then yethe end of the Peloponnesian war: 152 A short Chronicle of things done in Europe till the invasion of Europe by the Persians Anno ante Christum 1102Europe was hitherto thinly peopled by wandering Cimmerians & Scythians from the backside of the Euxine sea, who lived a rambling wild sort of life like the Tartars in the most northern parts of Asia in woods & caves of the earth without towns or houses, But now the Shepherds in Egypt being driven out of the regions of Memphis & Heliopolis by Misphragmuthosis, some of them fled into Libya & others to the Philistims & some into Greece Asia minor & Europe & the rest shut themselves up up in the regions of Abaris or Pelusium. Those who came now into Europe setled principally in Greece under the conduct of Inachus, Pelasgus, Lelex &c, Æzeus & began to build houses. 1072 1072Amosis the son of Misphragmuthosis makes war upon the shepherds in Abaris & by compact they leave Abaris & retire to the Philistims. And thereupon the Israelites move Samuel to make them a king. And some of these Shepherds come into Greece & Eubæa under the conduct of Cecrops, Abas, & other leaders. Lycaon the & Cecrops builds Cecropia afterwards called Athens. 1044 1076Lycaon the son of Pelasgus builds Lycosura; Phoroneus the son of Inachus Phoronicum afterwards called Argos; Ægialeus the brother of Phoroneus & son of Inachus Ægialeum afterwards called Sicyon. And these were the oldest houses towns in Peloponnesus And Eleusine the son of Ogyges built Eleusina. Till then they built only single houses scat 1072Amosis the son of Misphragmuthosis makes war upon the shepherds in Abaris & by compact they leave Abaris & retire to the Philistims. And thereupon the Israelites move Samuel to set up a king over them. And some of these Shepherds come into Greece & Eubæa under the conduct of Cecrops, Abas & other leaders & Cecrops builds Cecropia afterwards called Athens. And these towns gave a beginning to the kingdoms of the Athenians, Arcadians Argives Sicyons & Eleusinians. 1070Eurotas the son of Lelex, & Lacedæmon who married Sparta the daughter of Eurotas, reign in Laconia & build Sparta. 1049Acrisius marries Eurydice the daughter of Lacedemon & Sparta. 1044Nyctinus the son of Lycaon reigns in Arcadia. 1047The Phenician Mariners who fled from the red sea 1050 David made king 1050David conquers the Edom. 1047The Philistims by the assitance of the Merchants of Idumæa who fled from the red sea David take Zidon. And many of the Phœnicians & Syrians flying from Zidon them & from David, come under the conduct of Cadmus, Cilix, Phœnix, Membliarius, Nicteus, Thasus, Atymenus & other captains under into – – – – – of Telchines & Idæi Dactyli. 144 1044Nyctimus the son of Lycaon reigns in Arcadia. Folios 70 and 71 are blank apart from a cataloguer's note on f. 71r. 14172 Rerum ante Imperium Romanum gestarum Chronicon parvum per annos ante æram vulgarem Christi nati digestum. An. An. Ante Chr. 1120Diluvium Ogygis Hinc utiqꝫque Hic His temporibus Ægyptus superior in Monarchiam redacta, bellum in Pastores in Ægypto inferiore regnantes infert. Et hi Pastores a Misphragmuthose fugientes, in Idumæam Palestinam Syriam & Libyam veniunt, ut et sub Lelege, Æzeo, Inacho, Pelasgo, Æolo primo Phorbante Piraso et aliquiis ducibus in Græciam, ac domos omnium primi in Græcia construunt. Antea Cimmerij Nomades a tergo maris Euxini in Europam venientes, Scytharum mox sine domibus vagabantur. Tempore Ogygis Græcia hisce advenis inundantur. 1100Philistæi Pastoribus adjuti Israelem vincunt & Arcam capiunt. Samuel Iudicat Israelem. 1085Hæmon Pelasgi filius regnat in Thessalia. 1080Lycaon Lycosuram, Phoroneus Phoronicum, Ægialeus Ægialeam, oppida omnium in Peloponneso antiquissima condunt. Antea domus per agros spargebantur. Sub idem Tempus Cecrops Cecropiam ædificavit in Attica. Et hæc oppida initium dederunt regnis Atheniensium, Argivorum, Sicyonorum &c. Samuel vincit Philistæos. 1070Amosis pellit Pastores in Abari. Eurotas Lelegis filius & Lacedæmon regnant in Laconia. 1069Saul regnat in Israele. 1059David regnat. 1048Idumæi a Davide vincuntur. Phœnices a mare rubro fugientes littora maris mediterranei incolunt, & ad Græciam usqꝫque mare navigant. Tyrus conditur. Abibalus ibi regnat. Io rapitur. 1043Syri a Davide victi. 1041Phœnices a Davide fugientes sub Cadmo, Cilice, Phœnice Membliario, Nicteo, Thaso, Atymno, et alijs ducibus in Asiam minorem, Cretam, Græciam et Libyam veniunt. Et Literas, Musicam, Octaeterida, Metalla artes fabriles aliasqꝫque Phœnicum artes & scientias introducunt. Hisce advenis ✝✝ regnante Cranao Cecropis successore Græcia inundatur. Deucalion floret. Incipit ætas aurea 1040Erechtheus regnat in Attica. 1038Orcus Molossorum rex filiam Cereris (feminæ Siculæ) rapit. Ceres venit in Atticam et fruges serere mox docet. 1036Ferrum in Creta ab Idæis Dactylis repertum. Deucalion floret. 1034Ammon regnat in Ægypto. Hic Libyam vicit a se Ammoniam dictam et populum illum ab agresti vita ad civilem reduxit. Hic etiam naves longas et proceras cum velis primus construxit: antea ratibus navigabatur in mari rubro inventis. Ægyptij observant astra navigandi gratia; unde nata est Astronomia. Sesac Ammonis filius nascitur, a Græcis Sesonchis Sesocris & Sesostris dictus. 1028Oenotris Lycaonis filius natu minimus (Latinorem Ianus) primus Græcorum coloniam in Italiam ducit ac domos ibi condere docet. 1026Arcas filius Callistus et Eumelus rex primus Achaiæ frumentum accipiunt a Triptolemo. Erechtheus Panathenæis primo celebratis currum jungit. Hyagnis Phryx tibias invenit. 1020Apis vel Epopeus Phoronei filius et Nicteus cæsi Lycus imperium Nyctei fratris occupat. Antiopa Nyctei filia a Lamedonte Apidis successore ad Lycum missa Amphionem et Zethum parit. Tantalus (vel, ut alij, Minos) Ganemedem Trois filium rapit. 1019Solomon regnat. 1018Minos regnat in Creto pulso patre Latinorum Saturno. Incipit sæculum argenteum. *Phoronei filia Niobea floret prima fæminarum qui cum Iupiter (sæcula scilicet Apidis sua argentea) concubuisse dicitur. Argus eius filius regebatur. 1015Templum fundatur a Salomone. 1014Eumolpus mortua Cerere mysteria exhibet in Eleusine. Rheæ mysteria exhibentur in Phrygia in Cybelis montibus. Templa primum conduntur in Græcia. 1013 Sesac Ammonis filius invadit Arabiam felicem 1012Cecrops 11 regnat in Attica. Caucon mysteria Cereris docet in Messene. 1011Pandion frater Cecropis II regnat in Attica. Pelops venit in Peloponnesum. 1010Car Phoronei filius templum erigit Cereri. Hellen Deucalionis filius regnat in Phthiotide. Agon Panathenæicus instituitur. 1008Sesac sub patre invadit Libyam Ægyptiorum Heros, Patre regnante, invadit Africam et Hispaniam et columnas erigit. 1006Minos classem parat et colonias ad minores Græcorum insulas mittit antea non inhabitatas. Bellum inter Pandionem et Labdacum. 1002Sesac regnat in Ægypto, & patri Ammoni Templa et Oracula in Thebaide Æthiopia et Ammonia condit. 1000Thebis Amphion & Zethus regnant, Thebis, occiso Lyco et fugato Laio. 73 An: ante Chr. 998Cepheus Ioppam tenet. Eius filiam Andromedam Perseus rapit. Concilium Amphictyonicum fundatur ab Acrisio. 994Ægeus regnat in Attica. 990Dædalus & Tallus Serram, Tornum, Dolabrum, & alia fabrorum lignariorum instrumenta inveniunt. Dædalus statuas disjunctis pedibus efformat. 988Dædalus fugit a Minoa Minos bellum infert Atheniensibus ob filium Androgenum cæsum. Dædalus fug 987Dædalus fugit ad Minoa 984Oracula conduntur in Græcia, & his dictantibus cultus mortuorum mox passim introducitur. Phemonoe Sacerdos prima Iunionis Argivi. Æacus floret. 979Rehoboam regnat. 980 Laius regnum Thebarum recipit. 974Sesak Syriam, Persiam, Indiam invadit. Ieroboam introducit cultum Deorum Ægyptiorum in Israele. 969Theseus regnat victo Minotauro, et mox duodecim Attica urbes in unam civitatem colligit. Atreus regnat in Mycenæ 968Alcmena floret ultima fæminarum quacum Iupiter (sæculo argenteo) concubisse dicitur 967Sesac transito Hellesponto Thraciam occupat musicæ subinde floret in Thracia. Hercules et Euristheus nascuntur Minos obit. Incipit ætas. ærea. 965Sesac a Græcis et Scythis victus bellum companit, ab Amphictyone convivio excipitur, Ariadnem sepelit, regreditur per Asiam et Syriam in Ægyptum cum captivis innumeris, et Caslucæos sub Æete ad Colchos, aliosque Ægyptios sub Prometheo ad Caucasum montem, et Amazones sub Marthesia et Lampeto ad fluvium Thermodonta relinquit. Tabulas item Geographicas relinquit in Colcho, & inde nata est Geographia. Amphictyon Deos duodecim Ægyptios e Thracia in Græciam introducit. 964Danaus cum filiabus Ægyptum fratrem (i. e. Sesacum fugiens) in Græciam venit. Sesac consilio Secretarij sui Thoth adjutus Ægyptum distribuit in Nomos, conditis subinde Templis; & constitutis Diis, Oraculis Festis, et religionibus Nomorum. Distribuit etiam agros Ægypti inter milites, et inde nata est Geometria 962Phryxus et Helle Cadmi nepotes Colchon fugiunt. Minos obit. Hercules & Eurystheus nascent 960Bellum Lapytharum cum Thessalis ob equitandi peritiam centauris dictis. 958Oedipus patrem Laium occidit. Sthenelus Persei filius regnat in Mycenis. 956Sesac a fratre occiditur. Orus regnat et Libyes Ægyptum invadientes occidit mox vincit. 950Eurystheus Stheneli filius regnat in Mycenis. 947Orus ab Æthiopibus Ægyptum invadientibus mergitur in Nilo. 946Zerah Æthiops vincitur ab Asa. Ægyptus inferior Osarsiphum regem suum creat, & 200000 Iudæi contra Æthiopas in Ægyptum inferiorem veniunt. 944Æthiopes sub Mene seu Amenophe (Zeræ, ni fallor & Cissiæ, filio parvo) recedunt ab Ægypto inferiore, & Memphim contra Osarsiphum muniunt. 943Evander & eius mater Carmenta literas in Italiam introducunt. 939Theseus quinquagenarius Hellenam septennem rapit. 938Chiron sæculo aureo natus efformat signa cœlestia. Pirithous Ixionis filius Persephonem Orci Molossorum regis filiam rapiendo occiditur, & Theseus in carcerem conjicitur. 937Expeditio Argonautica. Prometheus a monte Caucaso recedit ab Hercule liberatus. Laomedon ab Hercule occiditur. Talus homo æneus occiditur. Incipit ætas ferrea. Priamus regnat in Troia. 936Theseus ab Hercule liberatur. 935Venatio apri Caledonij a Meleagro occisi. 930Amenophis ex Ægypto in Æthiopia Ægyptum inferiorem invadit, Osarsiphūum vincit, Iudæos pellit Ægypto. Bellum Thebanum primum seu decum septem. 928Hallus Eurystheum occidit. Atreus Pelopis filius succedit in regno Mycenarum. 927Menestheus Erechthei pronepos regnat Athenis. Atreus moritur 927Mortuo Hercule Eurystheus Heraclidas patria expellit, ab Hyllo occiditur. Atreus Pelopis filius succedit in regno Mycenarum. Hercules et Æsculapius in Deos relati. Menestheus Erechthei pronepos regnat Athenis. 924Paris Hellenam rapit. Hercules e Æsculapius in Deos relati Theseus e rupe dejectus occiditur. Hyllus Peloponnesum invadendo occiditur ab Echema. 920Bellum Epigonorum. 919Atreus moritur. Agamemnon regnat. 910Amenophis Memnonia condit in Vrbe Susorum. 904Troja capta. Incipit ætas quinta. 903Amenophis Pyramedes parvos condit in Cochome. Hyllus Euristheum occdit. Demophoon Thesei ex Phædra filius regnat Athenis. 897Hyllus Peloponnesum invadendo occiditur ab Echema. 895Teucer Salaminem condit in Cypro. 887Ramesses Amenophis filius regnat in Ægypto. 883Dido Carthaginem condit, et Phœnices paulo post ad usqꝫque Herculis Columnas navigant et ultro. 875Hesiodus floret ætate quinta, teste ipso. 870 840His temporibus Hesiodus et Homerus florent teste Herodoto. 870 139 870Mœris regnat in Ægypto. Hic Memphim ornavit, sedem regni illuc transtulit Labyrinthum condidit & Porticum borealem Templi Vulcani, Mœrias dictum effodit, et in eius fundo Pyramides duas magnas lateritias construxit. Scripsit etiam librum de Geometria. 852Cheops regnat in Ægypto. Hic Pyramidem omnium maximam construxit. 844Migratio Æolica. Bœotia prius Cadmeis dicta a Bœtis occupata. 825Reditus Heraclidarum in Peloponnesum. 804Bellum Atheniensium cum Spartanis in quo Codrus rex interficitur. 794Migratio Ionica ducibus Codri filijs. 790Pul fundat Imperium Assyriorum. Nechepsos et Petosiris Astrologiam excogitant in Ægypto. 776Iphitus Olympiades restaurat, unde Æra Olympiadum jam ducitur. 769Boccharis regnat in Ægypto. 760Semiramis floret. Sanchoniatho scribit. 747Æra Nabonassaris incipit. Sabacon Æthiops Ægyptum occupat in varia regna divisum. 740Tiglathpilasser rex Assyriorum capit Damascum & Syros abducit captivos. 725So vel Sua regnat in Ægypto 721Salmanasser rex Assyriorum Tribus decem abducit captivos. 719 Sennacherib regnat. 717Tirhakah regnat in Æthiopia et Ægypto superiore. 714 Senacherrib fugatur ab Ægyptijs. 7123Medi deficiunt ab Assyrijs. Asserhadon regnat in Assyria. 710 Lycurgus Homeri poemata ex Asia in Græciam secum affert. Poesis et Musica subinde florent in Græcia. 708Lycurgis floret. tutela. Tirhakah regnat in Ægypto tota. 697Corinthij omnium prime Triremes fabricant. Antea Græci navibus longis quinquagenum remigum utebantur. 686Archilochus Poeta floret. 681Asserhadon occupat Babylonem. 676Terpander Poeta floret. 673Manasses captivus Babylonem abducitur, Iudæis ab Asserhadone victis. 6721Asserhadon occupat Babylonem. 668Syri, Phœnices; Ægyptij ab Assyrijs deficiunt. Asserhadon paulo post moritur Manasses redit in Iudæam. Reges duodecem regnant in Iudæao Ægypto. 658Pritaneis regnant in Corintho regibus explusis. Phraortes regnat in Medea. 657Corinthijs Corcyræos classe vincunt, & hæc fuit pugna navalis omnium prima antiquissima. Archias Evageti filius, e stirpe Herculis, coloniam e Corintho in Siciliam ducit et Syracusas condit. 655Bellum primum Messeniacum incipit. 653Psammiticus fit rex Ægypti totius superatis reliquis undecim regibus. Is jam regnaverat annos quindecim. Aditus in Ægyptum Ionibus patit. Et inde Astronomia Geometria & Philosophia Ionica. 650Primus Atheniensium Archon decennalis Charops. 640Iosias regnat in Iudæa. 636Phraortes Medorum rex perit in bello adversus Assyrios. Astyages regnat. 635Scythæ Medos et Assyros invadunt. 633Battus Cyrenem condit. 632 Stesicorus & Minermnus Poetæ florent. 628Phidon Argivorum rex floret. 624Phalantus Parthenios in Italiam ducit & Tarentum condit. 616Bellum Secundum Messeniacum incipit. 614Psammitucus moritur. Nechao regnat in Ægypto. Thales et Pherecydes Syrus florent. 6101Cyaxeres regnat. 610Primus Atheniensium Archon annus Creon. Tyrtæus Poeta floret. 609Scytharum Primores inebriati a Cyaxere cæsi sunt. 608Cyaxeres & Nebuchadnezzar Ninevem evertunt. 607Cyaxeres fugat Scythas & subinde regiones Assyriorum occupat in Ponto Armenia Ponto et Cappadocia. 606Cyaxeres Alyatti Lydorum regi belum infert. Nebuchadnezzar Syriam et Iudæam invadit, fugat Ægyptios, incipit regnare cum patre. Sappho et Alcæus Poetæ florent. Pythagoras mittitur in Ægyptum a Thalete. 6045Roma condita. 601Eclipsis Solis a Thalete prædicta prelium inter Medos et Lydos dirimit Apr. 28 inter horam octavam et nonam matutinam. Pace subinde facta, Astyages Cyaxeris filius et Ariena Alyattis filia matrimonio junguntur. 600Darius Medus nascitur. 599 Cyrus nascitur Cyaxeris ex sorore nepos. 598Messenij victi fugiunt in Siciliam & Messanam condunt. 596Persæ a Nebuchadnezzare victi. 588Templum Solomonis incenditur. 590 Numa Athagoricus regnat. 580Draco Atheniensium Archon leges tulit. 575Amphictyones victoriam obtinentes Cyrrham capiunt. 569Nebuchanezzar invadit Ægyptum. Darius Medus vel Cyaxeri vel ejus filio Astyagi succedit in regno. 75 An. ante Chr. 562Solon Atheniensium Archon leges tulit. 566 Tullus Hostilius regnat. 557Periander moritur. Corinthus libera fit a Tyrannis. 555Nabonnedus regnat. Eius mater Nitocris Babylonem ornat et munit. 553Crœsi et Solonis colloquium. 550Pisistratus Athenis tyrannidem occupat. 547Sardes capitur a Cyro. Solon obit Archonte Hegestrato. Aristæas Proconnus florent et Theognis florent. 538Babylon capitur a Cyro. 536Cyrus victo Medorum rege Dario imperium tranfert ad Persas. Iudæi redeunt a captivitate Babylonica. 529Cyrus moritur. Cambyses regnat. 521Darius Hystaspis filius regnat. Magi occiduntur. Hystaspes et Zoroaster diversis Provinciarum religionibus abolitis, novam Magorum religionem per totum Persarum Imperium subinde instituunt. 520Templum secundum ædificatur jubente Dario. 513Harmodius et Aristogiton Hipparchum Pisistrati filium Atheniensium Tyrannum interficiunt. 508Romanorum reges expulsi. Consules creati. 491Pugna Marathonia. 485XexesXerxes regnat. 480Transitus XexisXerxis in Græciam. 464Artaxerxes LongmanusLongimanus regnat. 457Ezra redit in Iudæam. Iohanan pater Iaduæ iam adultus. 444Nehemiah redit in Iudæam. Herodotus floret. 431Incipit Bellum Peloponnesiacum. 428Nehemiah fugat Eleazarum vel Iohananis vel Iaduæ fratrem qui matrimonio acceperat filiam Sanballatis Nicaso dictam. 424Darius Nothus regnat. 423Sanballates templum in monte Gerazim construit et Eleazarum constituit primum ejus sacerdotem summum. 420Iohanan fit Sacerdos summus Iudæorum. 412Huc usqꝫque Sacerdotes et Levitæ numerati sunt et scripsi in Chronico Iudæorum ante mortem Nehemiæ: quo tempore vel Iohanan vel Iaduah erat Sacerdos summus Iudæorum. Nehem XII.22, 23, 26. Et hic desinit historia sacra. 76 Rerum ante Imperia quatuor summa gestarum Chronicon parvum per annos ante æram vulgarem Christi nati digestum. An. ante Chr. 1120His temporibus Ægyptus superior in Monarchiam redacta, bellum in Pastores in Ægyptio inferiore regnantes, infert. Et hi Ægyptij a Misphragmuthose fugientes in Palæstinam Syriam Asiam & Libyam & sub Lelege, Æzeo, Inacho, Pelasgo, Æolo primo, Cecrope et alijs ducibus in Græciam veniunt ac domos omnium primos et in Græcia construunt. Antea Cimmerij Nomades a tergo maris Euxini in Europam venientes, Scytharum more sine domibus vivebant. 1100Samuel judicat Isræelem. 1085Hæmon Pelasgi filius regnat in Thessalia. 1080Lycaon Lycosuram, Phoroneus Phoronicum, Ægialius Ægialeam, oppida omnium in Peloponneso antiquissima condunt. Antea domus per agros spargebantur. Sub idem tempus Cecrops Cecropiam ædificavit in Attica. Et hæc oppida initium dederunt regnis Atheniensium, Argivorum Sycioniorum &c. 1070Amosis pellit Pastores ex Abari. Eurotas & Lacedæmon in Laconia regnant. 1069Saul regnat in Isræele. 1059David regnat. 1048Idumæi a Davide vincuntur. Phœnices a mari rubro fugientes littora maris mediterranei incolunt & ad Græciam usqꝫque mox navigant. Tyrus conditur. Abibalus ibi regnat. Io rapitur. De 1043Syria a Davide victi. 1041Phœnices sub Cadmo, Cilice, Phœnice, Membliario, Thaso, Atymno, et aliquis ducibus in Asiam minorem, Cretam, Græciam & Libyam veniunt et literas musicam, fabricationem metallorum, Octaerida aliasqꝫque Phœnicum artes et scientias introducunt. Sparta conditur. Eurotas et Lacedæmon in Laconia regnant. 1040Erechtheus regnat in Attica. 1036 Orcus Molossorum rex, Cereris (fæminæ Siculæ) filium rapit. Ceres venit in Atticam & fruges serere mox docet. 1030 Oenotrus Lycaonis filius natu minimus (Latinorum Ianus) in Italiam venit primus Græcorum coloniam in Italiam ducit, ac domos construere docet. 1032Ammon regnat in Ægypto. Hic Libyam vicit a se Ammoniam dictam et populum illum ab agresti vita ad civilem reduxit. Hic etiam naves longas et proceras cum velis primus construxit: antea ratibus navigabatur in mari rubro inventis. Ægyptij observant astra navigandi gratia unde nata est Astronomia. Sesac Ammonis filius nascitur, a Græcis Sesostris dictus. 1035 Deucalion floret. 1034Ferrum in Creta ab Idæis Dactylis repertum. 1026Arcas filius Callistus & Eumelus rex primus. Achaiæ frumentum accipiunt a Triptolemo. 1020Nicteus et Apis Phoronei filius cæsi. Antiopa a Lamedonte ad Lycum missa. Amphionem & Zethum parit Tantalus (vel ut alij Minos) Ganymedem rapit. 1019Solomon regnat. 1014 Rheæ mysteria exhibentur in Phrygia in Cybelis montibus. 1028 Erechtheus Erechtheus Panathenæis primo celebratis currum junxit. Hyagnis Phryx tibias invenit. 1018Musæus canit raptum Proserpinæ 1016Minos regnat in Creta pulso patre Latinorum Saturno. 1015Templum fundatur a Solomone. 1014Eumolpus mortua Cerere mysteria exhibet in Eleusine & patria Musæi poemata edit. Templa primum condita in Græcia. Sesac invadet Arabiam fælicem. 1012Cecrops II regnat in Attica. Caucon mysteria Cereris docet in Messene. 1011Pandion Cecropis frater regnat in Attica. Pelops venit in Peloponnesum. 1010Car Phoronei filius templum erigit Cereri. 1008 Sesac invadit Libyam, Africam & Hispaniam & columnas erigit. 1006Minos classem parat et colonias ad minores Græcorum insulas mittit antea non inhabitatas. Bellum inter Pandionem & Labdacum. a Græcis Sesostris dictus 1002Sesac regnat in Ægypto & patri Ammoni Templa et Oracula in Thebaide Æthiopia et Ammonia condit. 1000Amphion et Zethus Thebis regnant fugato Laio. regnant Thebis. 998Cepheus Ioppam tenet. Eius filiam Andromedam Perseus rapit. Concilium Amphictyonicum fundatur ab Acrisio. 1010 Hellen Deucalionis filius regnat in Phthiotide. Agon Panathenæicus institutur. 994Ægeus regnat in Attica. 990 990Dædalus & Talus serram, tornum, Dolabram et et alia fabrorum lignaniorum instrumenta inveniunt. Dædalus statuas disjunctis pedibus efformat. 988Dædalus fugit ad Minoa. Minos bellum infert Atheniensibus ab filium cæsum. 984.Oracula conduntur in Græcia, & his dictantibus cultus mortuorum mox passim introducitur. Phæmonoe prima2 sacerdos1 Iunonis Argivi. Æacus floret. 979.Rehoboam regnat. 974.Sesak Syriam, Persiam, Indiam invadit. Ieroboam erigit deos Ægyptios. 969Theseus regnat victo Minotauro, & mox duodecim Attica urbes unam civitatem colligit. 967 Sesak transito Hellesponto Thraciam occupat. Hercules nascitur. Atreus regnat in Mycene. 965Sesak a Græcis et Scythis victus bellum componit,ab Amphictyone convivio excipitur, Ariadnem sepelit, regreditur per Asiam & Syriam in Ægyptum cum captivis innumeris, & Caslucæos sub Æete ad Colchos, aliosque Ægyptos sub Prometheo ad Caucasum montem & Amazones sub Marthesia & Lampeto Reginis ad fluvium Thermodonta relinquit. Tabulas item Geographicas relinquit in Colcho, & inde nata est Geographia. Amphictyon deos duodecim Ægyptios e Thracia in Græciam introducit. 964Danaus cum filiabus Ægyptum fratrem (id est Sesacum) fugiens in Græciam venit. Sesac distribuit Ægyptum in Nomos, conditis subinde templis & constitutis Dijs, Oraculis, Festis & religionibus Nomorum. Distribuit etiam agros Ægypti inter milites, & inde nata est Geometria. 962Phryxus & Helle in Colchom fugient. Minos obit. Hercules nascitur. 960.Bellum Lapitharum cum Thessaus ob equitandi peritiam Centauris dictis. 958.Oedipus patrem Laium occidit. 956.Sesak a fratre occiditur. Orus regnat, & Libyes Ægyptem invadentes mox vincit. 947.Orus ab Æthiopibus Ægyptum invadentibus mergitur in Nilo. 946.Zerah Æthiops vincitur ab Asa. Ægyptus inferior Osarsiphum regem creat at 200000 Iudæi contra Æthiopas in Ægyptum veniunt. ,941 & Æthiopes 944Æthiopes sub Mene seu Amenophe recedunt ab Ægypto inferiore & Memphim contra Osarsiphim muniunt. 943Evander & ejus mater Carmenta literas in Italiam introducunt. 9339Theseus quinquagenarius Hellenam septeunem rapit. 938 Pirithous Ixionis filius rapiendo Persephonem occiditur. & Theseus in carerem conjicitur. 936 ab Hercule liberatur. 938Chiron efformat signa cæestia. Hellena a fratribus liberatur. Pirithous Ixionis filius rapiendo Persephonem occiditur & Theseus in carerem conjicitur. 937Expeditio Argonautica. Prometheus a monte Caucaso recedit, ab Hercule liberatus. Laomedon ab Hercule occiditur. Priamus regnat in Troja. 9345Venatio apri Caledonija Meleagro occisa. 930Amenophis ex Æthiopia Ægyptum inferiore invadit Osarsiphum vincit, ac Iudæos pellit Ægypto. Bellum Thebanum primum seu ducum septem. 927 Menestheus Erechthei pronepos regnat Athenis. Atreus moritur. 927Hercules et Æsculapius in Deos relati et Æsculapius in Deos relati 901 901Hyllus Eurystheum occidit. 969 907 Atreus regnat in Mycene. 897Hyllus Peloponnesum invadendo, occiditur ab Ethemo. 924Paris Helenam rapit. Hercules & Æsculapius in Deos relati. 925Theseus e rupe dejectus occiditur. Atreus moritur. 920Bellum Epigonorum. 910Amenophis Memnonia condit in urbe Susorum. 904Troja capta. 903 Demophoon Thesei filius et Phædra filius regnat Athenis. 902Amenophis Pyramides parvas condit in Cochome. 896Areopagus Athenis constitutus. 895Teucer Salaminem condit in Cypro. 887Ramesses Amenophis filius regnat in Ægypto. 883Dido Carthagenem condit & Phœnices paulo post ad usque Hercules columnas navigant et ultra.navigant et ultra. 873His temporibus Hom. et Hesiodus florent, teste Herodoto. 874Homerus floret 870Moeris regnat in Ægypto. Hic Memphim ornavit. Sedem regni illuc transtulit, Labyrinthum condidit, Lacum Mœridis dictum effodit. Et in ejus fundo Pyramides duas magnas lateritias construxit. Scripsit etiam librum de Geometria. His temporibus Hesiodus & Homerus florent ex opinians Herodote. 852Cheops regnat in Ægypto. Hic Pyramidem omnium maximam construxit. 844Migratio Æolica. Bœotia prius Cadmeis dicta a Bœotis occupata. 825Reditus Heraclidarum in Peloponnesum. 804 77 804Bellum Atheniensium cum Spartanis in quo Codrus rex interficitur. 794Migratio Ionica ducibus Codri filijs. 790Pul fundat imperium Assyriorum. Nechepsos et Petosiris Astrologiam excogitant in Ægypto. 776Æra Iphitus Olympiades restaurat, unde Æra Olympiadum iam ducitur. 769Boccharis regnat in Ægypto. 760Semiramis floret. Sanchoniatho scribit. 7467Sabacon Æthiops Ægyptum occupat in varia regna divisum. Æra Nabonasaris incipit. 747742 Eumelus historicus floret. Æra Nabonasaris incipit. 740Tiglathpilaser rex Assyriorum capit Damascum, & Syros abducit captivos. 725So vel Sua regnat in Ægypto. 721Salmanaser rex Assyriorum tribus decem abducit captivos. 717Tirhakah regnat in Ægypto superiore & Æthiopia. 714Medi deficiunt ab Assyrijs. Asserhadon regnat in Assyria. Lycurgus Homeri poemata ex Asia in Græciam secum affert. subinde Poesis florere incipit in Græcia. 708Lycurgus floret. 695Corinthij omnium primi triremes fabricant. 686Archilochus floret Poeta floret. 681Asserhadon occupat Babylonem. 676Terpander floret Poeta floret. 673Manasses captivus Babylonem abducitur, Iudæis ab Asserhadone victis. 672Asserhadon invadit Ægyptum. 668Medi Babylonij Syri, Phœnices, Ægyptij ab Assyrijs deficiunt, Asserhadone cæsi paulo post moritur Manasses redit in Iudæam. Reges duodecem regnant in Æypto. 658Prytaneis regnant in Corintho, regibus expulsis. 657Corinthij Corcyræos classe vincunt & hæc fuit pugna navalis omnium antiquissima. Archias Evageti filius, e stirpe Herculis, coloniam e Corintho in Siciliam ducit et Syracusas condit. 655Bellum primum Messeniacum incipit. 653Psammiticus fit rex Ægypti totius superatis reliquis undecim regibus. Is jam regnaverat annos quindecim. 650Primus Atheniensium Archon decennalis Charops. 640Iosias regnat in Iudæa. 635 Phraortes Medorum rex perit in bello adversus Assyrios. Astyages regnat. 634Scythæ Medos et Assyrios invadit. Iosias regnat in Iudæa. 633Battus Cyrenem condit. 628Phidon Argivorum rex floret. 624Phalantus Parthenios in Italiam ducit & Tarentum condit. 616Bellum secundum Messeniacum incipit. Medas regnat in Phrygia. 614Psammiticus moritur. Nechaoh regnat in Iudæa Ægypto. 612Cyaxeres fugat Scythas regnat, & Scytharum primores inebriatos occidit. 610Primus Atheniensium Archon annuus Creon. Tyrtæus Poeta floret. 608Cyaxeres & Nebuchadnezzar Ninevem evertunt. 607Cyaxeres fugat Scythas et regnum Assyriorum occupat in Armenia et Asia Pontus & Cappadocia. 606Primus annus Nebuchadnezzaris in Phœnicia. Cyaxeres Alyatti Lydorum regi bellum infert. Sappho et Alcæus Poetæ clarent. 604Roma condita. 601Apr 28 inter horam 8 & 9 matutinam Eclipsis Solis a Thalete prædicta bellum inter Medos et Lydos dirimit. Astyages Cyaxerij filius et Ariena Alyattis filia matrimonio junguntur. 600Primus Atheniensium Archon annuus Creon. 600Darius Medus nascitur. 598Messenij victi fugiunt in Siciliam & Messanam condunt. 596Persæ a Cyaxere Nebuchadnezzare debellati. 606 594Cyaxeres Alyatti Lydorum regi bellum infert. 588Templum Solomonis incenditur. 601 585Anno Nabonassaris 163 May 28 hora sexta P.M. Eclipsis Solis a Thalete prædicta, bellum inter Medos et Lydos dirimit. 5821Draco Atheniensium Archon leges tulit. 575Amphictyones victoriam obtinentes Cyrrham capiunt. 569Nebuchadnezzar invadit Ægyptum. Darius Medus vel Cyaxeri vel eijus filio Astyagi succedit in regno. 564 Solon Atheniensium Archon leges tulit. 557Periander moritur. Corinthus libera fit a Tyrannis. 553Crœsi et Solonis colloquium. Nitocris Labyrinti 555 Labynitus regnat eius mater Nitocris Babylonem inum ornat & munit. 550Pisistratus Athenis tyrannidem occupat Archonte Comia. Abradates Susorum rex a Babylonijs ad Medos deficit. 547 5422 Solon obit archonte Hegestrato. 1 Sardes capitur a Cyro. 3 Aristæas Procomnesus floret. 543Sardes capitur a Cyro. 538Babylon capitur a Cyro. 536Cyrus victo Medorum rege Dario imperium transfert ad Persas. Iudæei redeunt a captivitate Babylonica. 529Cyrus perit in bello. Cambyses regnat. 526Theagnes Rhegemus Chronologus Æschylus Poeta nascitur. 5221Darius Hystaspis filius regnat. Magi occiduntur. Hystaspes et Zoroaster, diversus Provincianum religionibus abolitis novam Magorum religionem per totum Persarum imperium subinde instituunt. 520Templum secundum ædificatur jubente Dario. Hellanicus Hecatæus floret. 513Harmodius & Aristogiton Hipparchum Pisistrati filium, Atheniensium tyrannum, interficiunt. 42510 Iojakim fit Sacerdotum summus maximus Iudæorum succedit Ieshuæ in Sacerdotio summo Iudæorūum. 498Sophocles natus. 491Pugna Marathonia. 485Xerxes regnat. Æschylus floret. 486. Euripedes nascitur. 480Transitus Xerxis in Græciam. 478. Eliasib fit sacerdos summus. 479 Gelon Syracusis regnat. Eliasib fit sacerdos summus. 472. Hiero Syracusis regnat. 470. Socrates nascitur. 464.Artaxerxes Longimanus regnat. bellum 460.Eliasib fit sacerdos summus. 457Ezra redit in Iudæam. 455Hellanicus floret. 444Nehemiah redit in Iudæam. 443Herodotus floret. 436Mœnibus Hierosolymorum reparatis portæ urbis construuntur diebus 52. 431Incipit bellum Peloponnesiacum. 428 Nehemiah fugat Eleazarum Iaduæ fratrem qui matrimonio acceperat filiam Sanballatis Nicaso dictam. Et Sanballatis templo paulo post in monte Gerazim constructo Eleazarum constituit primum sacerdotem summum. 426 Iojahada senex fit Sacerdos summus. 415 Iohanan 424Darius Nothus regnat 380Iadua fit Pontifex Maximus Iudæorum. 405Artaxerxes Mnemon regnat. Finis belli Peloponnesiaci 371Pugna Leuctrica. 355 Onias fit Pontifex max sacerdos summus. 359Artaxerxes Ochus regnat. 338Arogus regnat 336.Darius ultimus regnat. 334 333Simeon justus Pontifex maximus Iudæorum. 331Alexander Magnus regnat in Persia. 323Alexander obit. Phlippus (Aritæus) regnat. 317Alexander Ægeus regnat. 310 Alexander Ægeus occiditur. 306Duces2 Alexandri1Alexandri Duces M. coronas sibi imponunt, Ptolemæus in Ægypto, Seleucus in Syrio & Babylonia, Antigonus cum filio Demetrio in Asia minore, & Cassander in Macedonia 301Antigono ad Ipsum victo et occiso, Seleucus, Ptolomæus, Cassander et Lysimachus unito fœdere fœdus ineunt et regna ex compacto sibi invicem constituunt, dividentes Antigoni regnum inter se. Cassander facit rex Macedoniæ et Græciæ; Lysimachus Thraciæ et Bithyniæ Phrygiæ Lydiæ & Lycaoniæ; Ptolomæus Ægypti, Libyæ, Palestriæ, Cælo-Syriæ & Arabiæ; Seleucus Asiæ reliquæ, et Syriæ reliquæ, Babyloniæ et Persiæ usqꝫque ad Indum fluvium. 300Ol fit sacerdos summus Iudæorum. Simeon obit relicto filio parvulo Onia. Eleazer Simionis frater fit Sacerdos summus. 270 Onias Simeonis filius. 230 Simeon Oniæ filius. Onias senio confectus obit. Simeon filius in Sacerdotio succedit. 425 418His temporibus Sanballetes templum construxit in monte Gerazim et filium Eleazarum constituit primum sacerdotem summus. 300Onias Simeon justus obit relecto filio parvulo Onia qui annis ab hinc 60 vel 70, regnante. scilicet Ptolomæ Euargete senex evasit 78 annis 1020, id est antiquius quam pro rei veritate annis fere septingentis et eius sequaces, ut introducerent eiusmodi Chronologiam, auxerunt antiquem regum catalogos et numero regum & diuturnitate regnandi. Folio 79 is blank. 153 80 Annis ante Christum 770 China in varia regna divisa fuit regibus inter se pugnantibus. Historiam duorum e regnis ab ann (vizt Chun Cieu) Confucius ab anno ante Christum 720 orditur. Anno ante Chrustum 658 cœpit Iaponia habere reges. Anno ante Christum 775 Eclipses Solis notari incipiunt. Anno ante Christum 551 Confucius nascitur. Anno ante Christum 480 Confucius terminat historiam bellorum inter Reges per 200 annos. Anno ante Christum 485 a Regulo Sum extinguitur familia çao quæ sub 25 Regulis steterat annis 636. Anno a. C. 478 a Regulo Zu extinguitur familia regnum et familia Chin quæ numeravit 24 Principes per annos 645. Anno ante Chr. 475 a Regulo Yur extinguitur Regnum V quod sub 20 Regulis steterat 650 annis. Anno ante Chr. 446 a Regulo regni Zu extinguitur dynastia çai quod sub 25 Principibus steterat annis 676. Ab anno ante Christum 425 bella inter Regulos per 300 fere annos. Anno ante Chr. 375, a tribus Regulis Han, Chao, Quei extincta Dynastia Cin quæ sub 38 Principibus steterat an. 741. Anno ante Chr. 374 a Han Regulo extinguitur Regnum Chim quod sub 23 Dynastis steterat annis 432. Anno 320 Hiao Cum, Regulis regni Cin præclara administratione ad Imperium viam sternit. Anno ante Chr. 285 a Regulis Ci, Zu, Guei extinguitur regnum Sum quod sub 32 Dynastis steterat per annos 381. Subactis varijs regnis duo præcipua Cin & Ci inter se depugnant pro imperio toto. Anno 270 a Regulo regni Zu extinguitur regnum Lu quod sub 34 regulis steterat. A Cin Regulo extinguitur regnum Guei quod sub 37 Regibus steterat. Cin Regulus duos potentissimos Reges occisis 60000 delet. Anno ante Chr. 2545 Xi Hoam Ti incipit regnare vir bellicosus et crudelis. Hic extinctis sex regnis et eorum Dynastis familijs Han, Guei, Zu, Yen, Chao, C Ci, Dynastas omnes cum eorum titulis abrogat: in 36 Provincias imperium distribuit: Titulum Hoam ti (qui hodieqꝫque viget) instituit, estqꝫque eadem vox qua totius Monarchiæ fundator est usus. Anno imperij 24 murum celebemmum 400 & amplius leucarum extruxit contra Tartaros. Anno proximo libros omnes præter medicos & judiciarios cremari jussit. Anno ante Chr. 220 moritur. A morte russus varia regna resurgunt. Anno ante Chr. 140 filius fundatoris e privato sua regno ad imperium evelitum Vu ti regnat bello et litteris clarus. Fragmenta et reliquias incendij librorum undiqꝫque colligi jubet et in ordinem redigi. Arma longe lateqꝫque profert. And by all this By the Chronological Table of the Monarchy of China published at Paris by P. Couplet it appears that about 1100 years before XtChrist China was divided into many kingdoms & that these kingdoms continued warring with one another & conquering into one another till they became reduced into seven kingdoms & Xi Hoam ti the king of one of them about 230 years before XtChrist conquered all the rest & founded the monarchy of China & gave the name of Hoam ti to its kings, a name wchwhich remains to this day & divided the Empire into Provinces & built the great wall against the Tartars & commanded all his subje people upon pain of death to burn all their books in China except those wchwhich related to medicine or were judiciall. And there are now no histories extant in China but what were written above seventy years after this conflagration. And therefore the story that there was a Monarchy of all China was founded by Hoam ti 2697 years before Christ is a fable. The way of writing used by the Chinese was not perfected before the days of Confucius the Phil Chinese Philosopher, & he was born but 551 years before Christ. They tell us that before Fohi civilized the people & reigned 115 years, that Xin num succeeded him & invented agriculture, & reigned 140 years, that Hoam ti the third king founded the Monarchy & reigned 100 years, & that the three four next kings reigned 332 years, that is, one with another 83 years a piece. By the lon The long reigns shew that Confucij Liber dictus scientia Sinensis impressus fuit Parisijs Anno Chr. 1687 & eidem adjecta est Th A book of Confucius called scientia Sinensis was published at Paris A. C. 1687 & at the end of it is added a Chronological Table of the Monarchy of China. by In this Table China is represented divided into many kingdoms above 1100 years before the birth of Christ & that these kingdoms continued warring with one another & conquering one another above 800 years together & at length when they were reduced into seven great great kingdoms, Xi Hoam ti the king of one of them conquered the other six & founded the empire Monarchy of China & divided it into Provinces, & this was about 230 years before the birth of Christ. The same king gave the name of Hoam ti to the succeeding kings of this Monarchy, wchwhich a name wchwhich remains to this day, & built the great wall of China against the Tartars, & commanded all his people on pain of death to burn all the books in China except those wchwhich related to medicine or were judicial. And there are now no historical books in China but what were written above 72 years after this conflagration. And therefore when we are the story that Hoam ti founded the Monarchy of China 2697 years before Christ is a fable invented to make that Monarchy look ancient. The way of writing used by the Chinese was not brought to perfection fully invented before the days of Confucius the Chinese Philosopher, & he was born but 551 years before Christ, & flourished only in one of the small Kingdoms into wchwhich China was then divided. The histories wchwhich were written before the conflagration of the books could relate only to the single kingdom in wchwhich the each history was written & to the warrs & leagues of that kingdom with its neighbours, & therefore China being then divided into many kingdoms, it is not likely that there could be any history of all China before that conflagration. China. In this Table China is represented divided into many kingdoms above 1100 years before Christ, some of wchwhich lasted 6 or seven hundred years. And And in the reign of Tai so who began his reign 1600 years before Christ, there were at least 76 Kingdoms in China which sent deputies to a common Council. And 1776 years before Christ one of their kings was urged moved by 800 Potentates to make in China to make war upon another of their kings. And these Potentates or kings wchwhich at first were so numerous, continued to warring with one another & conquering one another till at length they were reduced into seven great kingdoms & then Xi Hoam ti the king of one of those seven kingdoms conquered the other six & founded the Monarchy of China & divided it into 36 Provinces, & this was about 230 years before the birth of Christ. The Empire of China is reputed very ancient, & yet rose up out of many small kingdoms like all other empires about the same time with the Western Empires, as I understand by all the Chronological Table of the Monarchy of China printed at the end of Paris A. Paris A. C. 1687 at the end of the book of Confucius called Scientia Sinensis. For in this Table China is represented divided The histories now extant in China were composed above 72 years after the aforesaid conflagration: And if any escaped the flames they related to particular kingdoms. The historical books now most in repute amongst the Chinese are void of Chronology: And the long Chronologers have made the reigns of their first kings brings their in ancient Chronology of their kings in question confute the opinion that the length of 60 years upon wchwhich their ancient Chronology is founded was invented by Hoam ti are made too long for the course of nature, [& therefore have feigned the Æra of the Cylles of 60 Luni-solar years [upon wchwhich the great antiquity of their Empire is founded.] wchwhich commences wthwith the reign of Hoam ti 2693 years before XtChrist.] 154 81 1004 Bellum inter Pandionem & Labdacum 1000 Amphion et Zethus occiso regnant Lyco Laij tutore occiso. 1020Nicteus et Epopeus vel Apis Phoronei filius cæsi. Antiopa a Lamedonte ad Lycum avunculum messa Amphionem et Zethum parit. 1010Labdacus adultus regnat. x 1005Bellum inter Pandionem et Labdacum. x 1000Amphion et Zethus Thebas capiunt, occiso occupant Lyco Laij tutore occiso x 960Ædipus patrem Laium occidit & matrem Iocastam in Vxorem ducit. 975 Evander cum Carmenta matre literas in Italiam transportant. x 975Carmenta mulier cum filio Evandro literas in Italiam transportat introducit 960Bellum inter Lapythas & Thessalos ab equitandi peritia Centauros dictos Dijs Deos duodecim Ægyptios Amphictyon a Thracia in Græciam introducit. 968Amphyctyon Bacchum convivio excipit ac deos duodecim Ægyptios in Græciam introducit. x 968Perseus cædit vincit Mænades & Choriam Gorgonem occidit. Sesak a Græcis et Scythis victus bellum componit, ab Amphictyone convivio excipitur, regreditur per Syriam in Ægyptum – – – – – Geographia. Amphyctyon Deos duodecim Ægyptios e Thracia in Græciam introducit. Ariadne moritur. x 964Bellum inter Lapithas et Thassalos ob equitandi peritiam Centauros dictos. x 896Areopagus Athenis constitutus. x 806 818Bellum Atheniensium cum Spartanis in quo Codrus interficitur. 10438Eurotas et Lacedæmon in Lacedæmonia Laconia regnant. x Theseus duodecim Atticæ urbes in unam civitatem colligit. 640 x 757 5090Archias Evageti filius, cum decimus esset a Temeno e Corintho Coloniam educit Syracusas. 590. 586Amphictyones victoriam obtinent Cyrrham capientes. x 557Periander rex Corinthiorum moritur & Corinthus fit libera tyrannis. x 630Prytaneis regnant in Corintho. Carmenta mulier & E x 944Evander & eius mater Carmenta literas in Italiam introducunt. Archias Evageti filius e stirpe Temeni (generatione decima secundum Chronologiam receptam) coloniam Syracusas e Corintho in Sicilam ducit & Syracusāam condit. 625.Perthenij et Helotæ sub Phalanto in Italiam venientes Tarentum condunt. 598Messenij victi in Siciliam fugiunt & Messenem condunt. 662Pugna prima navalis quæ utiqꝫque fuit inter Corinthios et Corcyriases. 658 605Corinthij Corcyræos classe vincunt. Et hæc fuit pugna navalis omnium antiquissima. 695Corinthij omnium primi Triremes fabricant. 660 542 82 Anni ante Christum 1141Eli Iudicat Israelem 1124Coptitæ invadunt Pastores. Horum pars sub Cecrope, Lelege, Æzeo, Inacho, Pelasgo & in Græciam, Asiam minorem & alias regiones aufugit, & domos primum condunt in Eur Græcia. 1101Samuel judicat Israelem, a Philistæis in servitutem reductum. 1081Samuel vincit Philistæos 1031Saul iungitur regnat. Pastores expelluntur 1070 Amosis expellit Pastores ex Ægypto & ex Abari in Palæstinam & Libyam fugat. 1064David regnat. 1044 Europa in Cretam deportatur comite Atymno. 1043Phœnices sub Cadmo Phœnice Colice, Thaso & alijs ducibus in Gra Asiam minorem Cretam & Græciam a Davide fugunt ac domos in in As Græcia condere incipiunt. 1021Solomon regnat. 1026 Amphion et Zethus nati; Nicteus & Epaphus seu Apis occisi 1017Templum primum ædificatur a Solomone. 1004Sesac regnat in Ægypto. 1034 Ammon regnat in Ægypto. 981Rehaboam regnat. 977Sesak a Græcis Sesostris dictus gentes invadit. 970Sesak transit Hellespontem in Thraciam. 973 Oedipus occidit patrem Laium. 968Sesak a Græcis & Scythis victus redit per Syriam in Ægyptum. 967Danaus cum filijs in Græciam venit. 958Sesak occiditur Zarah vincit ( ורח id est ורה Vrah vel Orus) vincitur. 939.Expeditio Argonautica. 937Bellum Thebanum. 905Troija capta 907. 845Migratio Ionica 847 825Reditus Heraclidarum. 780 Pul regnat in Assyros. 776Æra Olympiadum. 747Æra Nabonassaris. 742 Assyrij obsidant & capiunt Damascum. 723Decem tribus in captivitatum abducuntur. 714Asserhadon regnat in Assyria. 681Manasses Asserhadon regnat in Babylon. 673Manasses Babylonem captivus abducitur, victus Iudæis. 672Ægyptus Asserhadon invadit & captivos ad Ægyptum. 668Asserhadon moritur Medi, Syri, Phœnices Ægyptij & Babylonij ab Imperio Assyrionem deficiunt, Occisio Asserhadone veterum Sardanapalo. Reges duodecim regnat in Ægypto, Manasses in Iudæam revertitur. 618Ps 653Psammiticus in Ægypto tota regnat rex Ægyptij totius, superatis reliquis undecim regibus. Is jam a morte patris regnaverat annos 18. 614Psammitucus moritur Nechao regnat in Ægypto proxime post Psam 610Cyaxeres rex Medorum & Nebuchadonosor filius regis Nabopolassoris regis Babyloniorūum Ninevem evertunt. 608Primus annus Nebuchadonosoris in Phœnicia. 588Templum Solomonis incenditur. 585, 28 Maij Eclipsis solis a Thalete prædicta An 585 539Babylon capitur a Cyro. 546 Sardes capitur a Cyro. 527Primus annus Cyri in Persas et Medos. Templum 2dūum fundatur. 522Darius Hystaspis regnat. 520Templum secundum fund ædificatur jubente Dario. 491Darius Hystapsis ad Marathonem victus. 480Transitus Xerxis in Græciam. 595Persæ a Cyaxeri debellati. 1010Minos regnat et ferrum ab Idæis Dactylis in monte Ida inventum. Minos natus 1040 1042Erechtheus regnat in Attica. 1040Ceres venit in Atticam & fruges serere mox docuit. 996 1015Musæus raptum Proserpinæ cecinit. 1014Eumolpus mortua Cerere mysteria exhibet in Eleusine et patris Musæi poemata edidit, regnante Athenis Erechtheo. Lycaon huncana sacrificia instituit in Arcadia 1012Cecrops II regnat in Attica 994.Ægeus regnat in Attica 974.Theseus regnat in Attica. 969 Theseus Deos Ægyptiorum introducit. 1011Pandion regnat in Attica 948Theseus Hellenam rapit. 925Paris Hellenam rapit 927. 904Theseus duodecim urbes Atticæ in unam collegit 899Teucer Salamina in Cypro condidit 874Hesiodus floret 860Homerus floret 628Phidon Argivus floret 708Lycurgus instituit. 970Hercules natus. Nicteus & Epophus or Apis occisi & Euristheus nati 1018Arcas filius Callistus & Eumelus rex primus Achaiæ frumentum accipuntæa Triptolemo. 1010Car Phoronei filius templum erigit Cereri. Io Inachi filia rapitur. 1100Lycaon Lycosuram, Phoroneus Phoronicum, & Ægyaleus Ægyaleum oppida omnium antiquissima in Peloponneso condunt. 1028.Oracula omnium prima Thebis Ægyptiis, & mox in Insulis Meroe et Ammonia Iovi Ammoni instituuntur. 965Ægyptus in Nomos distribuitur, conditis Nomorum templis, & Oraculis institutis. 866Moeris lacum effodit & in ejus medio condit Pyramides duas lateritias. 748Sabacon Æthiops Ægyptum in regna plura divisum invadit, Regulus Bacchari & subjugat 714So vel Sua regnat in Ægypto 700.Tirhakah regnat in Ægypto 860.Cheops Pyramidem maximam condit Ammon sedem regni ad Thebas Ægyptias tranfert, inde No-Ammon dictasm. 944.Amenoph a Chronologis nom Menes dictus i.e. Amenoph Memphim condit inde ab Ægyptij Menuf dictam. 1032Ammon regnat in Thebaide 1022Ammon Libyam occupat inde dictam Ammoniam. 1010Amosis regnat in Thebaide 1032Ammon regnat in Thebaide 1998Sesac regnat 958Orus regnat. 944Orus mergitur in fluvio Nilo. Menes regnat 890Ramses vel Rhampsinitus regnat 870Mœris regnat 854Cheops regnat 748Sabacon Æthiops Ægyptum invadit & occupat in varia regna divisam 7146So vel Sua regnat in Ægypto 700Tirhakah regnat in Ægypto 672Asserhadon invadit Ægyptum. 10501Phœnices Idumæi a Davide victi. Phœnices a mari rubra venentes littora maris rubra mediterranei incolunt ad Græciam usqꝫque navigant. Io rapitur. Tyrus conditur a Sidonijs. Abibalus regnat. 10 1458Timaus vel Tammuz regnat in Ægypto inferiore 1451Ioshua victis Cananæis terram dividit inter tribus undecim. Cananæi fugientes Ægyptum2 invadunt1invadunt Ægyptum inferiorem & victo Timæo regnum postorum errigunt. 1141Eli judicat populum Israelem 1115 1101 1081 1080 1071 1070 1061 1051 1043 1042 83 1497Moses populum Israelis ducet ex Ægypto. Ante Anno ante Christum 1444Cananæi4 a5 Iosua6 pulsi7 regnant8 in1 Ægypto2 inferiore3 ab9 Ægyptijs10 Pastores11 dicti12.in Ægypto inferiore Cananæi a Iosua pulsi regnant ab Ægyptijs Pastores dicti 11461Eli judicat populum Israelem 1115Ægyptij sub Cecrope, Lelege, Æzeo, Inacho, Pelasgo &c in Asiam minorem & Græciam veniunt ac domos ibi omnium primas ibi construunt. Antea Cymmerij Nomades a tergo maris Euxini venientes in Europam venerant. 1980 1081Samuel vincit Philistæos 1080Lycaon Lycosuram, Phoroneus Phoronicum, Ægialeus Ægialeam, Phegeus Phegeam, oppida omnium in Peloponneso antiquissima condunt. Antea populi sparsim habitabant. 1071Saul regnat in Israele, & Amosis in Thebaide 1071Amosis Pastores ex Abari in Palestinam fugat. 1061David regnat 1042Phœnices sub Cadmo, Atymno, Cilice Phœnice Thaso & alijs ducibus in Asiam minorem, Cretam & Græciam veniunt, & literas aliasqꝫque Phœnicum artes & scientias introducunt 1043Europa in Cretam venit comitante Atymno. & alijs Phœnicibus. Asterius ibi regnat 1042Erechtheus regnat in Attica. 1040Ceres venit in Atticam et fruges serere mox docet. 1032Ammon regnat in Ægypto. Hic naves longas cum velis primus construxit, antea ratibus navigabatur in mari rubra inventis. Ægyptij astrea observare incipiunt navigandi gratia 1026Amphion & Zetus nati. Nicteus & Epaphus vel Apis cæsi 1021Solomon regnat. 1017Templum ædificatur a Solomone 1015 Eumolpus Musæus cecinit raptum Proserpinæ 1014Eumolpus mortua Cerere mysteria exhibet in Eleusine & patris Musæi poemata edit. Templa primum conduntur in Græcia 1020Arcas filius Callistus, & Eumelus Rex primus Achaiæ, frumentum accipunt a Triptolemo. 1010Car Phoronei filius templum erigit Cereri. 1012Cecrops II regnat in Attica 1011Pandion regnat in Attica 1010Minos regnat in Creta pulso patre. Hic invento ferro classem paravit. Colonias ad minores Græcorum insulas misit antea non inhabitatas. 1000 998Sesac regnat in Ægypto & Patri Ammoni Templa et Oracula in Thebaide Æthiopia & Ammonia condit & instituit. 994Ægeus regnat in Attica. Eo regnante Dædalus & Talus serram tornum & alia instrumenta fabrica inveniunt. 981Rehoboam regnat. Dædalus 974Theseus regnat. 977Sesac a Græcis Sesostris dictus gentes invadit 970Sesac transit Hellas in Græciam & Thraciam occupat. Hercules natus. 968Sesac a Græcis & Scythis victus regreditur per Syriam in Ægyptum reliquit tabulas Geographica in Colcho: & inde Geographia. 966Ægyptus Sesac distribuit Ægyptum in Nomos, conditis Nomorum Templis & constitutis Dijs Oraculis et religionibus. Distribuit etiam agros inter milites. Et inde Geometria. 967Danaus cum filijs in Græciam venit. 958Sesac occiditur. Orus regnat. 948Zerah זרה id est זרח Orah vel Orus Æthiops vincitur ab Asa. 944Orus ab Æthiopiobus mergitur in Nilo. Menes seu Amenophis regnat. 941Theseus Hellenam rapit. 939Expeditio Argonautica. 933Iudæo pelluntur Ægypto Amenopho duce. Amenophis Iudæos pellit Ægypto 925Paris Hellenam rapit. 917Bellum Thebanum 905Troja capta 899Teucer Salaminem in Cypro condit. 890Ramesses vel Rhampsinitus Amenophis filius regnat in Ægypto. 883Dido Carthagenem condit. 870Mœris regnat in Ægypto. Hic lacum effodit et in ejus fundo Pyramidas duas lateritias construxit. Hesiodus floret. 860Homerus floret 854Cheops regnat in Ægypto. Hic Pyramidem maximam construxit. 845Migratio Ionica 825Reditus Heraclidarum in Peloponnesum 780Pul regnat in Assyria 776Æra Olympiadum. 750Æra Narbonasseris Sabacon Æthiops Ægyptum occupat in varia regna divisum 747Æra Nabonassaris 742Assyrij capiunt Damascum 723Decem Tribus Salmanasser Asserhadon rex Assyriarum tribus decem in capivitatem abducunitur. 7417So vel Sua regnat in Ægypto 717Tirhakah regnat in Ægypto 714Asserhadon regnat in Assyria. 708.Lycurgus floret. 681Asshadon regnat in Babylone. 674Manasses captivus Babylonem abducitur Iudæis a Asserhadone victis 672Asserhadon invadit Ægyptum 668Medi Babylonij, Syri, Phœnices Ægyptij ab Assyrijs deficiunt occiso Asserhadone veterum Sardanapalo. Reges duodecim regnant in Ægypto. 653Psammiticus rex Ægypti totius superatis reliquis undecim regibus. Is jam a morte patris regnaverat annos 18. 628Phidon Argivus floret. 614Psammiticus moritur. Nechaoh regnat in Ægypto 610Cyaxeres rex Medorum & Nebuchadnasor filius regis Babylonem, Ninevem evertunt. 608Primus annus Nebuchadanosoris in Phœnicia. 597Persæ a Cyaxere debellati. 588Templum Solomonis incenditur 585Maij 28 Eclipsis Solis a Thalete prædicta. 546Sardis capitur a Cyro. 539Babylon capitur a Cyro 537Cyrus victo Dario Medorum rege, imperium transfert ad Persas. Iudæi redeun redeunt a captivitate Babylonica. 530 530Cyrus perit in bello. Cambyses regnat 522Darius Hystaspis regnat. Magi occiduntur. Hystaspes & Zoroaster novam Magorum religiomreligionem constituunt. 520Templum per secundum ædificatur jubente Dario. 590 491Darius ad Marathonem vincitur. 458Ezra polytiam Iudæonem restituit 437Muri Hierosolymitani perficuntur portis constructis 324Alexander magnus moritur 168Romani regnum Macedonicum occupant victo Perseo 133Regno Pergami Romani donantur. 64Syria in Provinciam Romanorum redacta 30Ægyptus in Provinciam redacta. 546 84 Chronologia Chronicon Rerum ante quatuor Imperia quatuor summa gestarum Chronicon. Anni ante Chr. ante. Chr. Christum natum Ante Chr. 1125.1Bellum inter His temporibus Ægyptus superiore in Monarchiam redacta bellum in Thebanum Pastores in Ægypto inferiore regnantes bellum infertant 1114.2Ægyptij a Thebanis Misphragmuthose Thebaidis rege fugati, sub Lelege, Æzeo, Inacho, Pelasgo, Inacho Æolo primo, Cecrope & alijs ducibus in Græciam veniunt ac domos omnium primas ibi construunt. Antea Cimmerij Nomades a tergo maris Euxini in Europam venerunt venientes Scytharum more sine domibus vivebant. 11021-2 Samuel judicat Israelem. 1080Lycaon Lycosuram, Phoroneus Phoronicum, Ægialeus Ægialeam, Phegeus Phegeam, oppida omnium in Peloponneso antiquissima condunt. Antea domos per agros spargebantur. Sub idem tempus Cecrops Cecropiam ædificavit. Et hæc oppida initium dederunt regnis Atheniensium, Argivorum, Sicyoniorum &c. 1072-2Amosis pellit Pastores ex Abari. 1071.2Saul regnat in Israele. Amosis Pastores ex Abari in Palæstinam fugat. 1061.2David regnat. 1050.2Idumæi a Davide victi. Phœnices a mari rubro fugientes littora maris rubri mediterranei incolunt & ad Græciam usqꝫque mox navigant. Io rapitur Tyrus conditur. Abibalus ibi regnat. 1045.2Syri a Davide victi. 1045Oenotrus Lycaoni filius natu minimus in Italiam venit. 1043.2Phœnices sub Cadmo, Cilice, Phœnice, Membliano, Thaso, Atymno et alijs ducibus a Davide fugientes, in Asiam minorem, Cretam, Græciam et Libyam veniunt & literas aliasqꝫque Phœnicum artes & scientias introducunt. Eurotas & Lacedæmon in Laconia regnant. Europa Atymnum in Cretam comitatur Lacedæmon Sparta conditur. 1042Oenotrus Lycaonis filius natu minimus, (Latinorum Ianus) in Italiam venit. 1040Erechtheus regnat in Attica. Orcus Mollosorum rex, Cereris, fæminæ Siculæ, filiam rapit. Ceres venit in Atticam & fruges serere mox docet. Oenotrus Lycaonis filius natu minimus, (Latinorum Saturn Ianus) in Italiam venit. 1034-2Ammon regnat in Ægypto. Hic naves longas et proceras cum velis primus construxit. Antea ratibus navigabatur in mari rubro inventis. Ægyptij astra observare incipiunt navigandi gratia: unde nata est Astronomia. Sesak nascitur. 1030Ferrum in Creta ab Idæis Dactylis repertum. 1020Nicteus et Epaphus vel Apis Phoronei filius cæsi. Antiopa a Lyco Lamedonte ad Lycum missa Amphione & Zetus parit. 1021-2Solomon regnat. 1026Arcas filius Callistus, & Eumelus rex primus Achaiæ, frumentum accipiunt a Triptolemo. 1017-2Templum fundatur a Solomone. 1030 Ferrum in Creta ab Idæis Dactylis repertum. 1018Eumolpus canit Musæus canit raptum Proserpinæ. 1014Eumolpus, mortua Cerere, Mysteria exhibet in Eleusine & patris Musæei poemata edit. Templa primum condita in Græcia. Sesak vincit Arabes. Arabes. 1012Cecrops II regnat in Attica. Caucon mysteria Cereris docet in Messene 1011Pandion Cecropis frater regnat in Attica. Pelops venit in Peloponnesum. 1010Car Phoronei filius templum erigit Cereri. Sesak invadit Libyam. 1018.2Minos regnat in Creta, pulso patre, Latinorum Saturno. 1006Minos classem parat, et colonias ad minores Græcorum insulas mittit, antea non inhabitatas. Bellum inter Pandionem at Labdacum. 1005 Bellum inter Pandionem at Labdacum. 1004-2Sesak a Græcis Sesostris dictus regnat in Ægypto & patri Ammoni Tenmpla et Oracula in Thebaide, Æthiopia et Ammonia condit. 1000Amphion et Zethus regnant fugato Laio regnant Thebis. 996Cepheus Thebanus Ioppam tenet. Perseus ejus filium Andromedam rapit. Concilium Amphictyonicum fundatur ab Acrisio. 994Ægeus regnat in Attica. 990Dædalus et Talus Serram, Tornum, Dolabram et alia fabrorum lignariorum instrumenta inveniunt. Dædalus statuas disjuntis pedibus efformat. 985-1Oracula conduntur in Græcia et his dictuntibus cultus mortuorum mox passim introducitur. 981.2Rehoboam regnat. 976.2Sesak, a Græcis Sesostris dictus, Syriam Persiam Iudæam invadit. 972.2Sesak Theseus regnat, victo Minitauro, & mox duodecim Attica urbes in unam civitatem mox collegit. 970-3Sesak transito Hellesponto Thraciam occupat. Hercules natus. 968-3Sesak a Græcis et Scythis victus bellum componit, ab Amphictyone convivio excipitur Ariadnem sepelit, regreditur per Syriam in Ægyptum, cum captivis innumeris, et A Caslucæos sub Æete ad Colchos, aliosqꝫque Ægyptios sub Prometheo ad Caucasum montem & Amazones sub Marthesia et Lampeto ad fluvium Thermodonta relinquit. Tabulas item Geographicas relinquit in Colcho, & inde nata est Geographia. Amphictyon deos duodecim Ægyptios e Thracia in Græciam introducit. 967.2Danaus cum filiabus Ægyptum fratrem (id est Sesacum) fugiens in Græciam venit. Sesac distribuit Ægyptum in Nomos conditis Nomorum templis & constitutis eorum Dijs Oraculis Festis & religionibus. Distribuit etiam agros Ægypti inter milites, & inde nata est Geometria. 964-2Bellum inter Lapythas et Thessalos ob equitandi peritiam Centauros dictos. 960.2Œdipus patrem Laium occidit. 958.2Sesak a fratre occiditur. Orus regnat & mox vincit Libyes Ægyptum invadentes mox vincit. 949.2Orus ab Æthiopibus Ægyptum invadentibus mergitur in Nilo. 948.2Zorah Æthiops vincitur ab Asa. Ægyptus inferior Osarsiphum regem creant, & 200000 Iudæi contra Æthiopas in Ægyptum veniunt. Æthiopes sub Mene seu Amenophe Orc recedunt & Memphin contra Osarsiphum muniunt. 944Evander & eius mater Carmenta literas in Italiam introducunt. 941.2Theseus quinquagenerius Hellenam septennem rapit. 940.2Chiron efformat signa cœestia. 939-2Expeditio Argonautica. Prometheus a monte Caucaso recedit ab Hercule liberatus. Laomedon ab Hercule occiditur. Priamus regnat in Troja. 936-2Hercules Laomedontem occidit. Priamus regnat in Troja. 936 Venatio apri Caledonij. 933.2Amenophis Osarsiphum vincit ac Iudæos pellit Ægypto, Bellum Thebanum primum seu ducum septem. 928Theseus moritur. 930.2Hercules & Æsculapius in Deos relati. 927.1Theseus occiditur Hyllus Eurystheum occidit. Atreus regnat in Mycæne. 926-1Hyllus a Peloponnesum invadendo occiditur ab Echemo. 925.1Paris Helenam rapit. 924-1Theseus e rupe dejectus occiditur. 923.2Bellum Epigonorum 905-1Troja capta. Amenophis Pyramides parvas condit in Chochome. 897-1Areopagus Athenis constitutis. 896-1Teucer Salaminaem in Cypro condit. 890Hellas occiditur. 888-1Ramesses Amenophis filius regnat in Ægypto. 883Dido Carthagenem condit. Et Phœnices paulo post ad Britanniam usqꝫque navigant 870Mœris regnat in Ægypto. Hic Lacum, Mœridis dictum, effodit, & in eius fundo Pyramides duas maximas magnas lateritias construxit scripsit etiam librum de Geometria. 868Hesiodus floret. 860Homerus floret. 852.Cheops regnat in Ægypto. Hic Pyramidem omnium maximam construxit & cultum Deorum inhibuit ut ipse post mortem coleretur. 845-1Migratio Æolica. Boeotia prius Cadmeis dicta, a Boeotis occupata. 826-1Reditus Heraclidarum in Peloponnesum. 818Bellum Atheniensium cum Spartanis in quo Codrus interficitur. 2) 780Pul fundat Imperium Assyriorum. Nichepsos & Petosiris Astrologiam excogitant in Ægypto. 1) 776Æra Olympiadum. 3) 774Migratio Ionica, ducibus Codri filijs. 760Semiramis floret. Sanchoniatho scribit. 750Sabacon Æthiops Ægyptum occupat in varia regna divisum. Ægyptij aliqui in Chaldeam fugientes Ægyptiorum Annum et Astrologiam introducunt. 747Æra Nabonassaris. 740Tiglathpilaser rex Assyriorum capit Damascum & Syros abducit captivos 725So vel Sua regnat in Ægypto. 721Salmanasser rex Assyriorum Tribus decem abducit captivos. 717 85 717Tirhakah regnat in Ægypto 714Asserhadon regnat in Assyria 708Lycurgus floret. 695Corinthij omnium primi triremes fabricant 681Asserhadon occupat Babylonem 674.2Manasses captivus Babylonem abducitur, Iudæis ab Asserhadon victis. 672-2Asserhadon inavdit Ægyptum. 668Medi, Babylonij, Syri, Phœnices, Ægyptij ab Assyrijs deficiunt, Asserhadone cæso. Manasses redit in Iudæam. Reges duodecim regnant in Ægypto. 658Prytaneis regnant in Corintho expulsis regibus. Archias Evageti filius e stirpe Herculis coloniam e Corintho in Siciliam ducit et Syracusas condit. 655Bellum primum Messeniacum incipit. 658 Corinthij Corcyreos classe vincunt et hæc fuit pugna navalis omnium antiquissima. 653Psammiticus rex Ægypti totius superatis reliquis undecim regibus. Is jam regnaverat annos quindecim in parte Ægypti. 650Primus Atheniensium Archon decennalis Charops. 640Scythæ Medos et Assyrios invadunt. Iosias regnat in Iudea. 635Prytanes regnant in Corintho 628Phidon Argivorum rex floret. 624Parthenij sub Phalantus Parthenios in Italiam ducit & Tarentum condit. 616Bellum secundum Messeniacum incipit. Myidas rex Phrygiæ. 614Psammiticus moritur. Nechaoh regnat in Ægypto. Cyaxeres fugat Scythas. 612Cyaxeres fugat Scythas. 608Cyaxeres rex Medorum et Nebuchadonozor filius regis Babyloniorum Nineven evertunt. 606Roma condita Primus annus Nebuchadnezzaris in Phœnicia. 604Roma condita. 602Cyaxeres Aliatti Lydorum regi bellum infert. 600Primus Atheniensium Archon annuus Creon. 598.Messenij victi in Siciliam fugiunt & Messanam condunt. 596Persæ a Cyaxere debellati 591Cyaxeres Alyatti Lydorum regi bellum infert. 588Templum Solomonis incenditur. 585Anno Nabonass. 163 Maij 28, hora sexta P.M. Eclipsis Solis a Thalete prædicta bellum inter Medos et Lydos dirimit. 5780Draco Atheniensium Lycurg Archon leges tulit. 575Amphictyones victoriam obtinentes Cyrrham capiunt. 560Solon Atheniensium Archon leges tulit. 557Periander moritur. Corinthus liber a tyrranis fit a tyrannis. 554Crœsi et Solonis colloquium. Æsopus floret. 551Pisistratus Athenis tyrannidem occupat Archonte Comia 544Sardes capitur a Cyro 539Babylon capitur a Cyro. 537Cyrus victo Medorum rege Dario imperium tranfert ad Persas. Iudæi redeunt a captivitate Babylonica 530Cyrus perit in bello. Cambyses regnat. 522 Darius Hystaspis filius regnat. Magi occiduntur. Hystaspis et Zoroaster, abolitis Provinciarum religionibus diversis, novam Magorum religionem per totum Persarum imperium instituunt. 520Templum secundum ædificatur jubente Dario. 513Harmodius et Aristogiton Hipparchum Pisistrati filium, Atheniensium tyrannum, interficiunt. 491Pugna Marathonia.