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<title>Part 1 of a passage on Church history</title>
<author xml:id="in"><persName key="nameid_1" sort="Newton, Isaac" ref="nameid_1" xml:base="http://www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/catalogue/xml/persNames.xml">Isaac Newton</persName></author>

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<extent><hi rend="italic">c.</hi> <num n="word_count" value="1416">1,416</num> words</extent>

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<authority>Newton Project</authority>
<pubPlace>Brighton</pubPlace>
<date>2012</date>
<publisher>Newton Project, Sussex University</publisher>
<availability n="lic-text" status="restricted"><licence target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/"><p>This text is licensed under a <ref target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License</ref>.</p></licence></availability>
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<note type="metadataLine"><hi rend="italic">c.</hi> 1710s-1720s, in English with some Latin, <hi rend="italic">c.</hi> 1,421 words, 2 ff.</note>
<note n="scopecontent">The first surviving half of a passage (incomplete at the beginning) on Church history, the corruption of the faith and the Nicene Council. The second half of the passage is SL255.3.</note>
<note n="pages">2 ff.</note>
<note n="language"><p>in English with some Latin</p></note>
<note n="related_texts">
<linkGrp n="document_relations" xml:base="http://www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/normalized/"><ptr type="next_part" target="THEM00353">Part 2 of a passage on Church history [SL255.3]</ptr><ptr type="parent" target="THEM00127">SL255</ptr><ptr type="previous_part" target="THEM00351">'Of the Religion of the Iews &amp; Christians' [SL255.1]</ptr></linkGrp>
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<sourceDesc><bibl type="simple" n="custodian_37" sortKey="sl255.02" subtype="Manuscript">SL255.2, Location Unknown</bibl>
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<p>The whole of SL255 was bought at the 1936 Sotheby sale by Emmanuel Fabius for £13.10s. This portion was offered (but not sold) as section 3 of Lot 511 at the 2004 New York Sotheby sale. Folio 1 of this portion (f. 3 of the original document) was offered as Lot 55 at the 5 April 2008 Bloomsbury auction in New York with an estimate of $35,000-$45,000 US but not sold.</p>
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<origDate when="1710-01-01"><hi rend="italic">c.</hi> 1710s-1720s</origDate>
<origPlace>England</origPlace>
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<language ident="eng">English</language>
<language ident="lat">Latin</language>
<language ident="gre">Greek</language>
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<handNote sameAs="#in" scribe="in">Isaac Newton</handNote>
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<encodingDesc><classDecl><taxonomy><category><catDesc n="Religion">Religion</catDesc><category><catDesc n="Corruptions">Corruptions</catDesc></category></category></taxonomy></classDecl></encodingDesc>
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<change when="2011-05-25">Tagged transcription begun by <name xml:id="sh">Shannon Higgins</name></change>
<change when="2011-07-07">Transcription completed by <name>Shannon Higgins</name></change>
<change when="2011-08-18">Checked by <name xml:id="jy">John Young</name></change>
<change when="2012-04-16" type="metadata">Catalogue information compiled by <name sameAs="#jy">John Young</name></change>
<change when="2012-04-16">Code audited by <name xml:id="mjh">Michael Hawkins</name></change>
<change when="2012-04-20" status="released">Final-checked by <name sameAs="#jy">John Young</name></change>
<change when="2012-04-25">Proofed by <name>Robert Iliffe</name></change>
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<p rend="indent0" xml:id="par1"><del type="blockStrikethrough">mention <del type="strikethrough">of s</del> in scripture of any other generation of the son of God. <lb xml:id="l1"/>Iohn tells us, <hi rend="underline">In the beginning was the Word</hi>, but he doth not tell <lb xml:id="l2"/>us that he was begotten in or before the beginning. This opinion <lb xml:id="l3"/>came from the Theology of the heathens, &amp; whether it <del type="over">is</del><add place="over" indicator="no">be</add> true <lb xml:id="l4"/>or false we cannot know without an express revelation. <del type="strikethrough">nor is it material</del> <add place="supralinear" indicator="no">nor is it material to the Christian religion.</add></del></p>
<p xml:id="par2"><del type="blockStrikethrough">According to the opinion of the Christians mentioned <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">&amp; rejected</add> by Iustin, <lb xml:id="l5"/>the son or Word of God was <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">a <del type="strikethrough">the</del> natural essential <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">inherent</add> power of the father</add> the internal <foreign xml:lang="gre">λόγος or λόγος ἐνδιάθετος</foreign> <lb xml:id="l6"/>of the father from all eternity, &amp; was emitted from him outwardly <lb xml:id="l7"/>(as light from the sun) before the beginning of the world in order <lb xml:id="l8"/>to create it <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">&amp; may be retracted back into him</add>. And this metaphysical theology tho it <del type="strikethrough">came from the <lb xml:id="l9"/>heathens &amp; was</del> <add place="interlinear" indicator="yes"><del type="strikethrough">was the</del> came from the heathens &amp; became</add> the theology of the <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes"><del type="strikethrough">Heathens &amp;</del></add> Cataphrygians &amp; other hereticks <lb xml:id="l10"/>&amp; amounted to a deniall of the father &amp; the son (for the inherent <lb xml:id="l11"/>powers <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes"><del type="cancelled">vertues</del></add> &amp; attributes of the father are not his children:) yet it spread <lb xml:id="l12"/>very early in the Churches so as to infect several Christians of <lb xml:id="l13"/><del type="cancelled">Go</del> good note before the end of the second century, especially such <lb xml:id="l14"/>as were <add place="supralinear" indicator="no"><del type="cancelled">first</del></add> educated in the learning of the heathens before they <lb xml:id="l15"/>became Christians &amp; by their learning made themselves eminent.</del></p>
<p xml:id="par3"><del type="blockStrikethrough">For Athenagoras in his Apology, after he had been describing <lb xml:id="l16"/>the opinion of Plato concerning the Deity, subjoins. <foreign xml:lang="lat">Quod si non <lb xml:id="l17"/>impia est hæc Platonis de uno universitatis ingenito Deo sententia: <lb xml:id="l18"/>.......... ut etiam cadat sub aspectum.</foreign></del></p>
<p xml:id="par4">The Church of Rome in the days of Pope Victor <lb xml:id="l19"/>began to place religion in ceremonies &amp; to err in the <lb xml:id="l20"/> faith <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">&amp; grow uncharitable towards other Churches</add>. For this Pope excommunicated the Churches of Asia <lb xml:id="l21"/>for keeping Easter upon the 14<hi rend="superscript">th</hi> day of the first month <lb xml:id="l22"/>of the Lunisolar year (a thing in its own nature indifferent) <lb xml:id="l23"/>&amp; wrote communicatory letters to the Montanists in Asia <lb xml:id="l24"/>&amp; Phrygia &amp; then turned Patripassian <del type="cancelled">&amp;</del> recalling those letters <lb xml:id="l25"/>by the perswasion of Praxeas, as Tertullian a Montanist in <lb xml:id="l26"/>his book against Praxeas written about the year <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">198 or</add> 200 <lb xml:id="l27"/>thus mentions. <foreign xml:lang="lat">Idem [Praxeas] tunc Episcopum Romanum <lb xml:id="l28"/>agnoscentem jam prophetias Montani Priscæ et Maxamillæ <lb xml:id="l29"/>et ex ea agnitione pacem ecclesijs Asiæ et Phrygiæ in<lb type="hyphenated" xml:id="l30"/>ferentem, falsa de ipsis prophetijs et ecclesijs adseverando, &amp; <lb xml:id="l31"/>præcessorum ejus <choice><sic>actoritates</sic><corr>auctoritates</corr></choice> defendendo, coegit et literas pacis <lb xml:id="l32"/>revocare jam emissas et a proposito recipiendorum charis<lb type="hyphenated" xml:id="l33"/>matum concessare. Ita duo negotia diaboli Praxeas Romæ <lb xml:id="l34"/>procuravit, prophetiam expulit et Patrem crucifixit.</foreign> <add place="supralinear marginRight" indicator="yes">All this Tertullian seems to have learnt when he was at Rome &amp; by consequence before he turned Montanist. And therefor this bishop of Rome was Victor. For Tertullian turned Montanist before he wrote his book <foreign xml:lang="lat">de Corona militis</foreign> &amp; wrote that book A.C. 201, after the death of the Pope who did these things. For he wants scarce have charged a living Pope in express words with doing the work of the devil &amp; crucifying God <del type="strikethrough">almight</del> the father almighty.</add> The <lb xml:id="l35"/>predecessors of Victor who had opposed the Montanists were Soter <lb xml:id="l36"/>&amp; Eleutherus. For Soter wrote against them at their first <lb xml:id="l37"/>rise &amp; Irenæus was sent to Rome by the Church of Lyons <lb xml:id="l38"/>to confer with Eleutherus against them. And therefore Victor <lb xml:id="l39"/>was the first bishop of Rome who turned Montanist. <del type="strikethrough">He <unclear reason="del" cert="medium" resp="#jy">seems</unclear> <add place="lineEnd" indicator="no">is</add> <lb xml:id="l40"/>to be called</del> <add place="interlinear" indicator="no">I take him to be the</add> Victorinus <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">mentioned</add> in the appendix to Tertullians book <foreign xml:lang="lat">de Præ<lb xml:id="l41"/>scriptione hæreticorum</foreign>, in these words. <foreign xml:lang="lat"><hi rend="underline">Sed post hos omnes etiam <lb xml:id="l42"/>Praxeas quidam hæresim introduxit quam Victorinus corrobera<del type="over">vi</del><add place="over" indicator="no">re</add><del type="cancelled">t</del> <lb xml:id="l43"/>curavit</hi>.</foreign> <del type="strikethrough">And if I mistake not he</del> He seems to have written letters <lb xml:id="l44"/>of peace to the Montanists of Asia &amp; Phrygia for strengthening <lb xml:id="l45"/>himself against the true Churches of those parts whom he had <lb xml:id="l46"/>newly excommunicated in order to subvert them. And hence<lb type="hyphenated" xml:id="l47"/>forward there remained a perpetual misunderstanding between the Churches of Asia instructed by Iohn &amp; represented in the <lb xml:id="l48"/>Apocalyps by the seven Churches <del type="cancelled">of</del> &amp; the Church of Rome instructed <lb xml:id="l49"/>by Clemens &amp; represented (after separation from the seven Churches) <lb xml:id="l50"/>by the woman seated upon seven hills in the wilderness. Now while <lb xml:id="l51"/>the bishop of Rome became first a Cataphrygian &amp; then a Praxean <lb xml:id="l52"/>or Patripassian, he was certainly of opinion that the Word of God was <fw type="catch" place="bottomRight">the</fw><pb xml:id="p002r" n="2r"/> the <foreign xml:lang="gre">λόγος ἐνδιάθετος</foreign> <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">the internal</add> inherent &amp; essential <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">power</add> reason &amp; wisdom of <lb xml:id="l53"/>the father from all eternity &amp; at length was emitted outwardly <lb xml:id="l54"/>as a ray of light from the sun &amp; as the first word which <lb xml:id="l55"/>God spake when he began to exert his power for creating <lb xml:id="l56"/>the world. For this was the common opinion of both those <lb xml:id="l57"/>hereticks.</p>
<p xml:id="par5">By these instances it is manifest that the metaphysical <lb xml:id="l58"/>Theology of Orpheus Plato &amp; other heathen Philosophers <lb xml:id="l59"/>began to spread <del type="cancelled">manifestly much</del> <add place="supralinear" indicator="no">manifestly</add> in the churches before the <lb xml:id="l60"/>end of the second century, &amp; infected not only those who <lb xml:id="l61"/>separated from her &amp; became hereticks of note, but also <lb xml:id="l62"/>many others who did not separate, &amp; particularly that it <lb xml:id="l63"/>insinuated it self into the Churches of Antioch &amp; Rome &amp; <lb xml:id="l64"/>the <choice><sic>scool</sic><corr>school</corr></choice> at Alexandria. And therefore we need not wonder <lb xml:id="l65"/>if it still got grownd in the third century &amp; prevailed in the <lb xml:id="l66"/>fourth.</p>
<p xml:id="par6">Antony the <del type="cancelled">fa</del> common father of the Moncks taught <lb xml:id="l67"/>the people (as Athanasius tells us,)<anchor xml:id="n002r-01"/><note place="marginRight" target="#n002r-01"><foreign xml:lang="lat">In vita Antonij.</foreign></note> that the Son of God was <lb xml:id="l68"/><foreign xml:lang="gre">ἀίδιος τῆς τοῦ πατρὸς οὐσίας λόγος καὶ σοφία</foreign>, <hi rend="underline">the Word <lb xml:id="l69"/>&amp; wisdome of the fathers substance &amp; therefore eternal</hi>. <lb xml:id="l70"/><add place="interlinear" indicator="no">And from Antony this doctrine came to his disciples the Moncks.</add></p>
<p xml:id="par7">Athanasius was educated a monck under Antony pouring <lb xml:id="l71"/>water upon his hands as Elisha did upon Elijah's, &amp; imbibed the <lb xml:id="l72"/>same doctrine. <del type="strikethrough">even in his youth</del> For <del type="strikethrough">he taught, as you may <lb xml:id="l73"/>see</del> in many places of his works, <del type="strikethrough">that th <foreign xml:lang="gre">λόγος</foreign></del> he takes the <foreign xml:lang="gre">λόγος</foreign> <lb xml:id="l74"/>for the <foreign xml:lang="gre">λόγος ἐνδιάθετος</foreign> without <choice><abbr>w<hi rend="superscript">ch</hi></abbr><expan>which</expan></choice> the father would be <lb xml:id="l75"/><foreign xml:lang="gre">ἄσοφος</foreign> &amp; <foreign xml:lang="gre">ἄλογος</foreign> &amp; thence argues his eternity &amp; represents <lb xml:id="l76"/>that the <seg rend="greek" rendition="greek">λόγος</seg> arose from <choice><abbr>y<hi rend="superscript">e</hi></abbr><expan>the</expan></choice> father not as an empty <del type="strikethrough">voice</del> <lb xml:id="l77"/>vanid voice but with a substance as light from <choice><abbr>y<hi rend="superscript">e</hi></abbr><expan>the</expan></choice> Sun, a river <lb xml:id="l78"/>from the fountain a tree from the root &amp; so was consubstan<lb xml:id="l79"/>tial to him: <choice><abbr>w<hi rend="superscript">ch</hi></abbr><expan>which</expan></choice> was the language <del type="cancelled">of</del> &amp; doctrine of the <lb xml:id="l80"/>Montanists (<foreign xml:lang="gre">κατὰ</foreign> <foreign xml:lang="lat">Proclum</foreign>) as you have heard above. And this <lb xml:id="l81"/>doctrine Athanasius imbibed in his youth as may be gathered <lb xml:id="l82"/>from his Orations <foreign xml:lang="lat">contra Gentes &amp; de incarnatione Verbi <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">Dei</add></foreign> <choice><abbr>w<hi rend="superscript">ch</hi></abbr><expan>which</expan></choice> he <lb xml:id="l83"/>wrote before the controversy <choice><abbr>w<hi rend="superscript">th</hi></abbr><expan>with</expan></choice> Arius began. <del type="strikethrough">&amp; continued in it ✝</del> <addSpan spanTo="#addend001v-01" place="p001v" startDescription="f 1v" endDescription="f 2r" resp="#mjh"/><del type="blockStrikethrough">✝ till about the end of the reign of Constantius as <gap reason="blotDel" unit="chars" extent="1"/>appears by his book <del type="cancelled"><gap reason="illgblDel" unit="chars" extent="2"/></del> <foreign xml:lang="lat">de synodis</foreign> <lb xml:id="l84"/>in <choice><abbr>w<hi rend="superscript">ch</hi></abbr><expan>which</expan></choice> he saith: we know that the son is not only <foreign xml:lang="gre">λόγος προφορικὸς καὶ ἐνδι<lb type="hyphenated" xml:id="l85"/>άθετος τοῦ Θεοῦ</foreign> the spoken or inherent word of God but also a living God <lb xml:id="l86"/>the Word subsisting by himself.</del></p><anchor xml:id="addend001v-01"/>
<p xml:id="par8">Alexander bishop of Alexandria in his general Epistle directed <lb xml:id="l87"/>to all the bishops of the Church catholick in the very beginning of <lb xml:id="l88"/>the controversy with Arius &amp; subscribed by all the bishops of his party, writes thus. <foreign xml:lang="lat">Quod si Filius ratio Patris est ac sapientia <lb xml:id="l89"/>quomodo fuit tempus cum non esset? Perinde enim est ac si dice<lb xml:id="l90"/>rent <foreign xml:lang="gre">ἄλογον καὶ ἄσοφον ποτὲ τὸν θεόν</foreign>, Deum aliquando rationis <lb xml:id="l91"/>et sapientiæ expertem fuisse.</foreign> And this being subscribed by all <lb xml:id="l92"/>the bishops of his party may be taken for their common opinion.</p>
<p xml:id="par9">Constantine the great who was influenced by Hosius published <lb xml:id="l93"/>the same opinion even before he <del type="strikethrough">influe</del> convened the council of <lb xml:id="l94"/>Nice. For in an Epistle which he <del type="strikethrough">then sent to pub</del> sent to Alexandria <lb xml:id="l95"/>&amp; caused to be published in all the cities of the Roman Empire <del type="strikethrough">before <lb xml:id="l96"/>the meeting of</del> <add place="supralinear" indicator="no">for influencing</add> that Council, he spake thus to Arius. <foreign xml:lang="lat"><hi rend="underline">Vnum dicis Deum. <lb xml:id="l97"/>Habes ejusdem me sententiæ. Sic igitur sentias. Ejus essentiæ Verbum <lb xml:id="l98"/>principij et finis exper<del type="over">t</del><add place="over" indicator="no">s</add><del type="over">um</del> <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">Verbum</add> esse dicis: eo contentus sum; Ita crede. Siquid <lb xml:id="l99"/>præterea adjunges, id tollo. Siquid ad impiam fraudulentiam consuis, id nec <lb xml:id="l100"/>videre nec intelligere me confiteor. Si hospitium corporis assumis <lb xml:id="l101"/>ad divinorum operum dispensationem, non improbo</hi>.</foreign> And this <add place="supralinear" indicator="yes">inward</add> eternal essential <lb xml:id="l102"/><add place="lineBeginning" indicator="no">only</add>word Constantine supposed to come out of the father <del type="strikethrough">by a certain generation, in <lb xml:id="l103"/>the beginning when God designed to create the world. For in another</del> <add place="interlinear" indicator="no">in the beginning <del type="strikethrough">when act called the world was to be created of the creation</del> <lb xml:id="l104"/><add place="supralinear" indicator="no">of the creation</add> by a certain act called generation, the generation</add> <lb xml:id="l105"/>which we are to beleive. For in another <fw type="catch" place="bottomRight">Epistle</fw></p>
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